Abstract
Aluminum is widespread in the earth’s crust and is widely used in human economic activity, but its physiological functions in plants have not been fully clarified. The direction of the influence of various concentrations of aluminum nanoparticles on the growth and development of plants, as well as the features of physiological and biochemical processes in them, remain insufficiently studied. The reaction of common oat (Avena sativa L.) to the presence of aluminum nanoparticles in the plant growing substrate was studied under the conditions of a pot experiment. The introduction of aluminum nanoparticles into the substrate at concentrations of 100 and 1000 mg/kg reduces the content of chlorophylls a and b in the leaves at the early stages of plant development. At the same time, at the heading and milky ripeness stages, the amount of chlorophylls and carotenoids increases in the variants using nanoparticles. Changes in the content of photosynthetic pigments indicate a restructuring of the adaptive mechanisms of plants in the presence of aluminum nanoparticles. In the main stages of oat development (tillering, heading, milky ripeness), the chlorophyll ratio (a/b) was within 2.1–3.2, which indicates compensated work of the pigment complex in the presence of nanoparticles in the substrate. During the main development phases, oats grown in the presence of increasing doses of aluminum nanoparticles (10, 100 and 1000 mg/kg) showed a reliable decrease in catalase activity and an increase in peroxidase activity in the leaves and roots of plants. The identified trends in the change in the activity of antioxidant enzymes indicate the reaction of the plant organism to unfavorable environmental factors. The content of aluminum nanoparticles in the oat growing substrate at a concentration of 1000 mg/kg leads to a decrease in the root mass in the tillering phase, as well as the aboveground mass of plants in the tillering, heading and milk ripeness phases. The height of plants, the length of inflorescences, the number and weight of grains also decrease, which indicates a negative impact of high concentrations of aluminum nanoparticles on the production process.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
At 100 and 1000 mg/kg, nanoparticles reduced leaf chlorophyll a and b early in development.
- Taxon
- Avena sativa L.
Avena sativae1 - Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Treatment
- aluminum nanoparticles into the substrate at concentrations of 100 and 1000 mg/kge0
- Outcome
- content of chlorophylls a and be0
- Direction
- reducese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The introduction of aluminum nanoparticles into the substrate at concentrations of 100 and 1000 mg/kg reduces the content of chlorophylls a and b in the leaves at the early stages of plant development.”
e1“common oat (Avena sativa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
At heading and milky ripeness, chlorophylls and carotenoids increased with nanoparticles.
- Taxon
- Avena sativa L.Avena sativae1
- Organ / stage
- heading and milky ripeness stagese0
- Treatment
- nanoparticlese0
- Outcome
- amount of chlorophylls and carotenoidse0
- Direction
- increasese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“at the heading and milky ripeness stages, the amount of chlorophylls and carotenoids increases in the variants using nanoparticles”
e1“common oat (Avena sativa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Chlorophyll a/b ratio was 2.1–3.2 through main developmental stages.
- Taxon
- oatAvena sativae0
- Organ / stage
- tillering, heading, milky ripenesse0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll ratio (a/b)e0
- Value
- 2.1–3.2e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the main stages of oat development (tillering, heading, milky ripeness), the chlorophyll ratio (a/b) was within 2.1–3.2”
e1“common oat (Avena sativa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing nanoparticle doses decreased catalase activity in leaves and roots.
- Taxon
- oatsAvena sativae0
- Organ / stage
- leaves and rootse0
- Treatment
- increasing doses of aluminum nanoparticles (10, 100 and 1000 mg/kg)e0
- Gene
- catalasee0
- Outcome
- catalase activitye0
- Direction
- decreasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“oats grown in the presence of increasing doses of aluminum nanoparticles (10, 100 and 1000 mg/kg) showed a reliable decrease in catalase activity and an increase in peroxidase activity in the leaves and roots of plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing nanoparticle doses increased peroxidase activity in leaves and roots.
- Taxon
- oatsAvena sativae0
- Organ / stage
- leaves and rootse0
- Treatment
- increasing doses of aluminum nanoparticles (10, 100 and 1000 mg/kg)e0
- Gene
- peroxidasee0
- Outcome
- peroxidase activitye0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“oats grown in the presence of increasing doses of aluminum nanoparticles (10, 100 and 1000 mg/kg) showed a reliable decrease in catalase activity and an increase in peroxidase activity in the leaves and roots of plants”
Claim · model-written summary
A 1000 mg/kg dose decreased root mass at tillering.
- Taxon
- oatAvena sativae0
- Organ / stage
- tillering phasee0
- Treatment
- aluminum nanoparticles in the oat growing substrate at a concentration of 1000 mg/kge0
- Outcome
- root masse0
- Direction
- decreasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“aluminum nanoparticles in the oat growing substrate at a concentration of 1000 mg/kg leads to a decrease in the root mass in the tillering phase”
Claim · model-written summary
A 1000 mg/kg dose decreased aboveground mass across tillering, heading and milk ripeness.
- Taxon
- oatAvena sativae1
- Organ / stage
- tillering, heading and milk ripeness phasese0
- Treatment
- aluminum nanoparticles in the oat growing substrate at a concentration of 1000 mg/kge1
- Outcome
- aboveground mass of plantse0
- Direction
- decreasee1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“aboveground mass of plants in the tillering, heading and milk ripeness phases”
e1“aluminum nanoparticles in the oat growing substrate at a concentration of 1000 mg/kg leads to a decrease”
e2“common oat (Avena sativa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
High nanoparticle concentration decreased plant height, inflorescence length, grain number and grain weight.
- Taxon
- oatAvena sativae1
- Treatment
- aluminum nanoparticles in the oat growing substrate at a concentration of 1000 mg/kge1
- Outcome
- height of plants, the length of inflorescences, the number and weight of grainse0
- Direction
- decreasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The height of plants, the length of inflorescences, the number and weight of grains also decrease”
e1“aluminum nanoparticles in the oat growing substrate at a concentration of 1000 mg/kg”
e2“common oat (Avena sativa L.)”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.