Paper · 2025 · Journal of Experimental Agriculture International

Impact of Zinc and Iron Application on Yield and Quality of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)

Deependra Meena; Deepak Mishra; Bhagwan Suman

4
claims
8
verbatim quotes
0
citations
2
research areas
✓
Open access

Abstract

This study evaluated the effects of zinc (Zn) and iron (Fe) application on the yield and quality of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) during the Rabi season of 2024-25 at Mewar University, Rajasthan, India. Micronutrient deficiencies, particularly of Zn and Fe, are significant constraints in agriculture, limiting crop productivity and human nutrition. Optimizing Zn and Fe levels in chickpeas, a vital pulse crop, can enhance yield and nutritional quality, contributing to food security and reducing malnutrition. The experiment utilized a randomized block design with nine treatments, incorporating soil and foliar applications of ZnSO₄ and FeSO₄. The treatment combining ZnSO₄ at 25 kg/ha (soil) and 0.5% FeSO₄ (foliar) significantly improved growth parameters, yield, protein content, and economic returns compared to the control. These findings highlight the potential of Zn and Fe application as a sustainable strategy for enhancing chickpea production and nutritional outcomes.

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The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.

Claims 4

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Combined soil ZnSO₄ and foliar FeSO₄ significantly improved chickpea growth parameters relative to control.

Taxon
chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
Treatment
ZnSO₄ at 25 kg/ha (soil) and 0.5% FeSO₄ (foliar)e0
Outcome
growth parameterse0
Direction
improvede0
Comparator
controle0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Cicer arietinum
Cicer arietinum · TaxonSanjay Acharya · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The treatment combining ZnSO₄ at 25 kg/ha (soil) and 0.5% FeSO₄ (foliar) significantly improved growth parameters, yield, protein content, and economic returns compared to the control.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 647–831 · show in text ↑
t0

“Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 60–89 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Combined soil ZnSO₄ and foliar FeSO₄ significantly improved chickpea yield.

Taxon
chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
Treatment
ZnSO₄ at 25 kg/ha (soil) and 0.5% FeSO₄ (foliar)e0
Outcome
yielde0
Direction
improvede0
Comparator
controle0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Cicer arietinum
Cicer arietinum · TaxonSanjay Acharya · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The treatment combining ZnSO₄ at 25 kg/ha (soil) and 0.5% FeSO₄ (foliar) significantly improved growth parameters, yield, protein content, and economic returns compared to the control.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 647–831 · show in text ↑
t0

“Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 60–89 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Combined soil ZnSO₄ and foliar FeSO₄ significantly improved chickpea protein content.

Taxon
chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
Treatment
ZnSO₄ at 25 kg/ha (soil) and 0.5% FeSO₄ (foliar)e0
Outcome
protein contente0
Direction
improvede0
Comparator
controle0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Cicer arietinum
Cicer arietinum · TaxonSanjay Acharya · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The treatment combining ZnSO₄ at 25 kg/ha (soil) and 0.5% FeSO₄ (foliar) significantly improved growth parameters, yield, protein content, and economic returns compared to the control.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 647–831 · show in text ↑
t0

“Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 60–89 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Combined soil ZnSO₄ and foliar FeSO₄ significantly improved economic returns from chickpea.

Taxon
chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
Treatment
ZnSO₄ at 25 kg/ha (soil) and 0.5% FeSO₄ (foliar)e0
Outcome
economic returnse0
Direction
improvede0
Comparator
controle0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Cicer arietinum
Cicer arietinum · TaxonSanjay Acharya · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The treatment combining ZnSO₄ at 25 kg/ha (soil) and 0.5% FeSO₄ (foliar) significantly improved growth parameters, yield, protein content, and economic returns compared to the control.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 647–831 · show in text ↑
t0

“Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 60–89 · show in text ↑

zinc sulfate · yield · Cicer arietinum (chickpea)Results differ

34 papers: 33 positive, 1 negative or no effect

32 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
  2. positive
  3. positive

30 papers more in this group

See all 34 papers →

zinc sulfate · quality: protein · Cicer arietinum (chickpea)Positive and negative results

5 papers: 4 positive, 1 negative or no effect

3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
  2. positive
  3. positive

1 paper more in this group

See all 5 papers →

iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) · quality: protein · Cicer arietinum (chickpea)Results agree

4 papers: 4 positive, 0 negative or no effect

3 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive
See all 4 papers →

iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) · growth · Cicer arietinum (chickpea)Results agree

6 papers: 6 positive, 0 negative or no effect

5 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

2 papers more in this group

See all 6 papers →

iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) · yield · Cicer arietinum (chickpea)Results agree

12 papers: 12 positive, 0 negative or no effect

11 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

8 papers more in this group

See all 12 papers →

zinc sulfate · growth · Cicer arietinum (chickpea)Results agree

16 papers: 16 positive, 0 negative or no effect

15 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

12 papers more in this group

See all 16 papers →

application · quality: protein · Cicer arietinum (chickpea)Positive and negative results

28 papers: 27 positive, 1 negative or no effect

26 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction

  1. negative
  2. positive
  3. positive

24 papers more in this group

See all 28 papers →

application · growth · Cicer arietinum (chickpea)Positive and negative results

73 papers: 69 positive, 4 negative or no effect

68 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. no effect
  2. no effect
  3. no effect

69 papers more in this group

See all 73 papers →

8 of 9 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.