Abstract
Salinity stress is a devastating environmental issue among abiotic stresses. It has severely affected global crop production. It has become crucial for scientists to unearth new strategies for mitigating salinity stress. In this study, a completely randomized experimental design was formulated. Two cultivars (Super and Sandal) of Brassica napus L. were utilized in this work. The treatments applied in this study included NaCl (100 mM), nitric oxide (NO; 150 µM) and arginine (Arg; 0.5 mM). The results revealed that, compared with those of the control plants, the growth, chlorophyll content, relative water content, total soluble protein, K + and Ca 2+ contents of the shoots and roots, and yield parameters were lower under salt stress. The membrane permeability, malondialdehyde, H 2 O 2 , total phenolics, free proline, catalase, peroxidase and ascorbate peroxidase activities, and sodic level were increased under salinity. In contrast, foliar sprays of NO and Arg and their combined application significantly increased the plant growth, chlorophyll content, RWC, total soluble protein, K + and Ca 2+ contents and yield parameters of canola in stressed and control plants. These supplements reduced the membrane permeability and MDA, H 2 O 2, Na + and Cl − contents but increased the total phenolics, free proline, and antioxidant enzymes activities in stressed plants. The findings of this study demonstrated that NO and Arg have potential roles in mitigating the toxic effects of salinity and can increase plant growth and yield.
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Claims 19
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress lowered canola growth relative to controls.
- Taxon
- Brassica napus L.
_Brassica_napus_-_Habit.jpg?width=60)
Brassica napust0 - Treatment
- salt stresse0
- Outcome
- growthe0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- control plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_Brassica_napus_-_Habit.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
t0“Brassica napus L.”
e0“compared with those of the control plants, the growth, chlorophyll content, relative water content, total soluble protein, K + and Ca 2+ contents of the shoots and roots, and yield parameters were lower under salt stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress lowered canola chlorophyll content relative to controls.
- Taxon
- Brassica napus L.Brassica napust0
- Treatment
- salt stresse0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll contente0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- control plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Brassica napus L.”
e0“compared with those of the control plants, the growth, chlorophyll content, relative water content, total soluble protein, K + and Ca 2+ contents of the shoots and roots, and yield parameters were lower under salt stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress lowered canola relative water content relative to controls.
- Taxon
- Brassica napus L.Brassica napust0
- Treatment
- salt stresse0
- Outcome
- relative water contente0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- control plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Brassica napus L.”
e0“compared with those of the control plants, the growth, chlorophyll content, relative water content, total soluble protein, K + and Ca 2+ contents of the shoots and roots, and yield parameters were lower under salt stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress lowered canola total soluble protein relative to controls.
- Taxon
- Brassica napus L.Brassica napust0
- Treatment
- salt stresse0
- Outcome
- total soluble proteine0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- control plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Brassica napus L.”
e0“compared with those of the control plants, the growth, chlorophyll content, relative water content, total soluble protein, K + and Ca 2+ contents of the shoots and roots, and yield parameters were lower under salt stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress lowered canola K + and Ca 2+ contents of the shoots and roots relative to controls.
- Taxon
- Brassica napus L.Brassica napust0
- Treatment
- salt stresse0
- Outcome
- K + and Ca 2+ contents of the shoots and rootse0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- control plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Brassica napus L.”
e0“compared with those of the control plants, the growth, chlorophyll content, relative water content, total soluble protein, K + and Ca 2+ contents of the shoots and roots, and yield parameters were lower under salt stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress lowered canola yield parameters relative to controls.
- Taxon
- Brassica napus L.Brassica napust0
- Treatment
- salt stresse0
- Outcome
- yield parameterse0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- control plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Brassica napus L.”
e0“compared with those of the control plants, the growth, chlorophyll content, relative water content, total soluble protein, K + and Ca 2+ contents of the shoots and roots, and yield parameters were lower under salt stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity increased canola membrane permeability.
- Taxon
- Brassica napus L.Brassica napust0
- Treatment
- salinitye0
- Outcome
- membrane permeabilitye0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Brassica napus L.”
e0“The membrane permeability, malondialdehyde, H 2 O 2 , total phenolics, free proline, catalase, peroxidase and ascorbate peroxidase activities, and sodic level were increased under salinity”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity increased canola malondialdehyde.
- Taxon
- Brassica napus L.Brassica napust0
- Treatment
- salinitye0
- Outcome
- malondialdehydee0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Brassica napus L.”
e0“The membrane permeability, malondialdehyde, H 2 O 2 , total phenolics, free proline, catalase, peroxidase and ascorbate peroxidase activities, and sodic level were increased under salinity”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity increased canola H 2 O 2.
- Taxon
- Brassica napus L.Brassica napust0
- Treatment
- salinitye0
- Outcome
- H 2 O 2e0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Brassica napus L.”
e0“The membrane permeability, malondialdehyde, H 2 O 2 , total phenolics, free proline, catalase, peroxidase and ascorbate peroxidase activities, and sodic level were increased under salinity”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity increased canola total phenolics.
- Taxon
- Brassica napus L.Brassica napust0
- Treatment
- salinitye0
- Outcome
- total phenolicse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Brassica napus L.”
e0“The membrane permeability, malondialdehyde, H 2 O 2 , total phenolics, free proline, catalase, peroxidase and ascorbate peroxidase activities, and sodic level were increased under salinity”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity increased canola free proline.
- Taxon
- Brassica napus L.Brassica napust0
- Treatment
- salinitye0
- Outcome
- free prolinee0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Brassica napus L.”
e0“The membrane permeability, malondialdehyde, H 2 O 2 , total phenolics, free proline, catalase, peroxidase and ascorbate peroxidase activities, and sodic level were increased under salinity”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity increased canola catalase, peroxidase and ascorbate peroxidase activities.
- Taxon
- Brassica napus L.Brassica napust0
- Treatment
- salinitye0
- Outcome
- catalase, peroxidase and ascorbate peroxidase activitiese0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Brassica napus L.”
e0“The membrane permeability, malondialdehyde, H 2 O 2 , total phenolics, free proline, catalase, peroxidase and ascorbate peroxidase activities, and sodic level were increased under salinity”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity increased canola sodic level.
- Taxon
- Brassica napus L.Brassica napust0
- Treatment
- salinitye0
- Outcome
- sodic levele0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Brassica napus L.”
e0“The membrane permeability, malondialdehyde, H 2 O 2 , total phenolics, free proline, catalase, peroxidase and ascorbate peroxidase activities, and sodic level were increased under salinity”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar NO significantly increased canola growth, chlorophyll, water content, protein, K and Ca, and yield in stressed and control plants.
- Taxon
- Brassica napus L.Brassica napust0
- Treatment
- NOe0
- Outcome
- plant growth, chlorophyll content, RWC, total soluble protein, K + and Ca 2+ contents and yield parameterse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- in stressed and control plantse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Brassica napus L.”
e0“foliar sprays of NO and Arg and their combined application significantly increased the plant growth, chlorophyll content, RWC, total soluble protein, K + and Ca 2+ contents and yield parameters of canola in stressed and control plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar Arg significantly increased canola growth, chlorophyll, water content, protein, K and Ca, and yield in stressed and control plants.
- Taxon
- Brassica napus L.Brassica napust0
- Treatment
- Arge0
- Outcome
- plant growth, chlorophyll content, RWC, total soluble protein, K + and Ca 2+ contents and yield parameterse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- in stressed and control plantse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Brassica napus L.”
e0“foliar sprays of NO and Arg and their combined application significantly increased the plant growth, chlorophyll content, RWC, total soluble protein, K + and Ca 2+ contents and yield parameters of canola in stressed and control plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar their combined application significantly increased canola growth, chlorophyll, water content, protein, K and Ca, and yield in stressed and control plants.
- Taxon
- Brassica napus L.Brassica napust0
- Treatment
- their combined applicatione0
- Outcome
- plant growth, chlorophyll content, RWC, total soluble protein, K + and Ca 2+ contents and yield parameterse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- in stressed and control plantse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Brassica napus L.”
e0“foliar sprays of NO and Arg and their combined application significantly increased the plant growth, chlorophyll content, RWC, total soluble protein, K + and Ca 2+ contents and yield parameters of canola in stressed and control plants”
Claim · model-written summary
NO and Arg reduced membrane permeability and MDA, H 2 O 2 in salt-stressed canola.
- Taxon
- Brassica napus L.Brassica napust0
- Treatment
- These supplementse0
- Outcome
- membrane permeability and MDA, H 2 O 2e0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Qualifier
- in stressed plantse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Brassica napus L.”
e0“These supplements reduced the membrane permeability and MDA, H 2 O 2, Na + and Cl − contents but increased the total phenolics, free proline, and antioxidant enzymes activities in stressed plants”
Claim · model-written summary
NO and Arg reduced Na + and Cl − contents in salt-stressed canola.
- Taxon
- Brassica napus L.Brassica napust0
- Treatment
- These supplementse0
- Outcome
- Na + and Cl − contentse0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Qualifier
- in stressed plantse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Brassica napus L.”
e0“These supplements reduced the membrane permeability and MDA, H 2 O 2, Na + and Cl − contents but increased the total phenolics, free proline, and antioxidant enzymes activities in stressed plants”
Claim · model-written summary
NO and Arg increased total phenolics, free proline, and antioxidant enzymes activities in salt-stressed canola.
- Taxon
- Brassica napus L.Brassica napust0
- Treatment
- These supplementse0
- Outcome
- total phenolics, free proline, and antioxidant enzymes activitiese0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- in stressed plantse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Brassica napus L.”
e0“These supplements reduced the membrane permeability and MDA, H 2 O 2, Na + and Cl − contents but increased the total phenolics, free proline, and antioxidant enzymes activities in stressed plants”
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