Paper · 2025 · Агрохимия / Agricultural Chemistry

Effectiveness of the Use of Trace Elements in the Cultivation of Grain Crops in Long-Term Experiments on Sod-Podzolic Soil

N. A. Kirpichnikov

9
claims
24
verbatim quotes
0
citations
2
research areas
—
Not open access

Abstract

In long-term field experiments on sod-podzolic heavy loamy soil, the yield of winter wheat of the Moskovskaya 56 variety and spring barley of the Vladimir variety, as well as grain quality, depending on the use of trace elements, was studied. The use of zinc and copper micro-fertilizers in the forms of ZnSO and CuSO on poorly cultivated soil provided the greatest efficiency on a calcareous background with a slightly acidic reaction of the soil medium: the yield increases of winter wheat and spring barley reached 12 and 8.6%, with its values against the background of mineral fertilizers 63.9 and 51.2 c/ha. The introduction of a complex of trace elements Akvamix-ST into cultivated soil increased the yield of winter wheat with a mineral fertilizer system by 13, organomineral - by 7.6%, spring barley - by 11 and 6.4%, respectively, reaching 76.4 and 59.8 c/ha. The use of trace elements slightly increased the protein content in the grains of both crops by 0.3-0.4% and the crude gluten content in winter wheat grains by 0.5-0.9%.

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Claims 9

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Zinc and copper micro-fertilizers increased winter wheat yield by 12% against the background of mineral fertilizers.

Taxon
winter wheatTriticum aestivume1
Material
Moskovskaya 56e1
Treatment
zinc and copper micro-fertilizerse2
Outcome
yielde2
Direction
increasese2
Value
12e2
Qualifier
63.9 and 51.2 c/hae2
Comparator
background of mineral fertilizerse2
Setting
long-term field experiments on sod-podzolic heavy loamy soile0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“In long-term field experiments on sod-podzolic heavy loamy soil”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–63 · show in text ↑
e1

“the yield of winter wheat of the Moskovskaya 56 variety and spring barley of the Vladimir variety”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 65–162 · show in text ↑
e2

“The use of zinc and copper micro-fertilizers in the forms of ZnSO and CuSO on poorly cultivated soil provided the greatest efficiency on a calcareous background with a slightly acidic reaction of the soil medium: the yield increases of winter wheat and spring barley reached 12 and 8.6%, with its values against the background of mineral fertilizers 63.9 and 51.2 c/ha”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 243–611 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Zinc and copper micro-fertilizers increased spring barley yield by 8.6% against the background of mineral fertilizers.

Taxon
spring barleyHordeum vulgaree1
Material
Vladimire1
Treatment
zinc and copper micro-fertilizerse2
Outcome
yielde2
Direction
increasese2
Value
8.6%e2
Qualifier
63.9 and 51.2 c/hae2
Comparator
background of mineral fertilizerse2
Setting
long-term field experiments on sod-podzolic heavy loamy soile0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Hordeum vulgare
Hordeum vulgare · TaxonJackyM59 · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“In long-term field experiments on sod-podzolic heavy loamy soil”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–63 · show in text ↑
e1

“the yield of winter wheat of the Moskovskaya 56 variety and spring barley of the Vladimir variety”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 65–162 · show in text ↑
e2

“The use of zinc and copper micro-fertilizers in the forms of ZnSO and CuSO on poorly cultivated soil provided the greatest efficiency on a calcareous background with a slightly acidic reaction of the soil medium: the yield increases of winter wheat and spring barley reached 12 and 8.6%, with its values against the background of mineral fertilizers 63.9 and 51.2 c/ha”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 243–611 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The Akvamix-ST trace element complex increased winter wheat yield by 13% with a mineral fertilizer system.

Taxon
winter wheatTriticum aestivume3
Material
Moskovskaya 56e1
Treatment
complex of trace elements Akvamix-STe3
Outcome
yielde3
Direction
increasede3
Value
13e3
Qualifier
with a mineral fertilizer systeme3
Setting
long-term field experiments on sod-podzolic heavy loamy soile0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“In long-term field experiments on sod-podzolic heavy loamy soil”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–63 · show in text ↑
e1

“the yield of winter wheat of the Moskovskaya 56 variety and spring barley of the Vladimir variety”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 65–162 · show in text ↑
e3

“The introduction of a complex of trace elements Akvamix-ST into cultivated soil increased the yield of winter wheat with a mineral fertilizer system by 13, organomineral - by 7.6%, spring barley - by 11 and 6.4%, respectively, reaching 76.4 and 59.8 c/ha”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 613–867 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The Akvamix-ST trace element complex increased winter wheat yield by 7.6% with an organomineral system.

Taxon
winter wheatTriticum aestivume3
Material
Moskovskaya 56e1
Treatment
complex of trace elements Akvamix-STe3
Outcome
yielde3
Direction
increasede3
Value
7.6e3
Qualifier
organominerale3
Setting
long-term field experiments on sod-podzolic heavy loamy soile0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“In long-term field experiments on sod-podzolic heavy loamy soil”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–63 · show in text ↑
e1

“the yield of winter wheat of the Moskovskaya 56 variety and spring barley of the Vladimir variety”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 65–162 · show in text ↑
e3

“The introduction of a complex of trace elements Akvamix-ST into cultivated soil increased the yield of winter wheat with a mineral fertilizer system by 13, organomineral - by 7.6%, spring barley - by 11 and 6.4%, respectively, reaching 76.4 and 59.8 c/ha”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 613–867 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The Akvamix-ST trace element complex increased spring barley yield by 11% with a mineral fertilizer system.

Taxon
spring barleyHordeum vulgaree3
Material
Vladimire1
Treatment
complex of trace elements Akvamix-STe3
Outcome
yielde3
Direction
increasede3
Value
11e3
Qualifier
with a mineral fertilizer systeme3
Setting
long-term field experiments on sod-podzolic heavy loamy soile0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Hordeum vulgare
Hordeum vulgare · TaxonJackyM59 · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“In long-term field experiments on sod-podzolic heavy loamy soil”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–63 · show in text ↑
e1

“the yield of winter wheat of the Moskovskaya 56 variety and spring barley of the Vladimir variety”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 65–162 · show in text ↑
e3

“The introduction of a complex of trace elements Akvamix-ST into cultivated soil increased the yield of winter wheat with a mineral fertilizer system by 13, organomineral - by 7.6%, spring barley - by 11 and 6.4%, respectively, reaching 76.4 and 59.8 c/ha”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 613–867 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The Akvamix-ST trace element complex increased spring barley yield by 6.4% with an organomineral system.

Taxon
spring barleyHordeum vulgaree3
Material
Vladimire1
Treatment
complex of trace elements Akvamix-STe3
Outcome
yielde3
Direction
increasede3
Value
6.4%e3
Qualifier
organominerale3
Setting
long-term field experiments on sod-podzolic heavy loamy soile0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Hordeum vulgare
Hordeum vulgare · TaxonJackyM59 · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“In long-term field experiments on sod-podzolic heavy loamy soil”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–63 · show in text ↑
e1

“the yield of winter wheat of the Moskovskaya 56 variety and spring barley of the Vladimir variety”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 65–162 · show in text ↑
e3

“The introduction of a complex of trace elements Akvamix-ST into cultivated soil increased the yield of winter wheat with a mineral fertilizer system by 13, organomineral - by 7.6%, spring barley - by 11 and 6.4%, respectively, reaching 76.4 and 59.8 c/ha”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 613–867 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Trace elements slightly increased winter wheat grain protein content by 0.3–0.4%.

Taxon
winter wheatTriticum aestivume1
Material
Moskovskaya 56e1
Treatment
use of trace elementse4
Outcome
protein content in the grainse4
Direction
increasede4
Value
0.3-0.4%e4

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e1

“the yield of winter wheat of the Moskovskaya 56 variety and spring barley of the Vladimir variety”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 65–162 · show in text ↑
e4

“The use of trace elements slightly increased the protein content in the grains of both crops by 0.3-0.4% and the crude gluten content in winter wheat grains by 0.5-0.9%”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 869–1037 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Trace elements slightly increased spring barley grain protein content by 0.3–0.4%.

Taxon
spring barleyHordeum vulgaree1
Material
Vladimire1
Treatment
use of trace elementse4
Outcome
protein content in the grainse4
Direction
increasede4
Value
0.3-0.4%e4

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Hordeum vulgare
Hordeum vulgare · TaxonJackyM59 · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e1

“the yield of winter wheat of the Moskovskaya 56 variety and spring barley of the Vladimir variety”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 65–162 · show in text ↑
e4

“The use of trace elements slightly increased the protein content in the grains of both crops by 0.3-0.4% and the crude gluten content in winter wheat grains by 0.5-0.9%”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 869–1037 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Trace elements slightly increased winter wheat crude gluten content by 0.5–0.9%.

Taxon
winter wheatTriticum aestivume1
Material
Moskovskaya 56e1
Treatment
use of trace elementse4
Outcome
crude gluten content in winter wheat grainse4
Direction
increasede4
Value
0.5-0.9%e4

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e1

“the yield of winter wheat of the Moskovskaya 56 variety and spring barley of the Vladimir variety”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 65–162 · show in text ↑
e4

“The use of trace elements slightly increased the protein content in the grains of both crops by 0.3-0.4% and the crude gluten content in winter wheat grains by 0.5-0.9%”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 869–1037 · show in text ↑

copper atom · yield · Hordeum vulgare (barley)Results differ

13 papers: 10 positive, 3 negative or no effect

9 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction

  1. negative
  2. negative
  3. negative

9 papers more in this group

See all 13 papers →

zinc atom · yield · Hordeum vulgare (barley)Results differ

36 papers: 30 positive, 6 negative or no effect

29 papers in the same direction as this paper · 5 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. no effect
  2. negative
  3. no effect

32 papers more in this group

See all 36 papers →

copper atom · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results differ

75 papers: 63 positive, 12 negative or no effect

62 papers in the same direction as this paper · 12 in the opposite direction

  1. negative
  2. no effect
  3. no effect

71 papers more in this group

See all 75 papers →

zinc atom · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results differ

511 papers: 456 positive, 55 negative or no effect

455 papers in the same direction as this paper · 49 in the opposite direction · 6 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. no effect
  2. negative
  3. no effect

507 papers more in this group

See all 511 papers →

micronutrient · yield · Hordeum vulgare (barley)Results agree

2 papers: 2 positive, 0 negative or no effect

1 paper in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
See all 2 papers →

micronutrient · quality: protein · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results agree

3 papers: 3 positive, 0 negative or no effect

2 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
See all 3 papers →

micronutrient · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results agree

14 papers: 14 positive, 0 negative or no effect

13 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

10 papers more in this group

See all 14 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.