Abstract
Two separate investigations, on wheat and barley were conducted under control environments. In the first experiment, two wheat varieties, selection line (SL) and Yecoro Rojo (YR) were grown in 100 mM NaCl salinized sand culture with the additional 2 levels (4 and 8 meq/L) of Ca, Mg and NH₄ application. Control treatments (0 salt plus 4 meq/L of Ca, Mg and NH₄) were also included. The fresh and dry matter yield after 4 weeks in salinized Hoagland solution and supplemental nutrient addition reveals that salinity significantly reduced the yield and the addition of 8 meq/L NH₄ increase the yield among the salt treatment pots followed by 8 meq/L supplemental Ca. Likewise, number of tillers and grain yield was also increased by the addition of 8 meq/L NH₄ to salinized Hoagland solution. SL produced significantly higher yields than YR. Water and osmotic potential were significantly increased with salinity but turgor potential was not effected significantly. Concentrations of Na and Cl were significantly higher in both varieties in the salt added plants, and the uptake was reduced by the high level of supplemental NH₄. Generally, YR (a salt sensitive variety) absorbed higher amount of Na, Mg, Cl and PO₄, which might be the possible cause of nutritional disturbance and hence reduced yield. In the second experiment, two selected barley varieties (California Mariout and Gustoe) were grown in lysimeter, irrigated with two NaCl salinity water (150 and 250 mM) and a control with two LF (0.2 and 0.4). As the salt concentrations of irrigation water increased, vegetative growth and grain yield reduced significantly. LF 0.4 had significant effect at moderate salinity on yield but was similar as LF, 0.2 when the salinity increased to 250 mM. Both varieties achieved the highest WUE for the above ground dry matter and grain yield at moderate salinity. Mariout was salt tolerant and high yielding both in and out of salinity. Soil salinity (ECₑ) and Na content increased as the salinity of irrigation water increased. Na concentration of leaf tissue was significantly increased, while Ca and K concentration decreased with increase in salinity. The possible reason for reduced yield at high salinity was the Ca deficiency.
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Claims 20
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity significantly reduced wheat fresh yield.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- salinitye0
- Outcome
- freshe0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The fresh and dry matter yield after 4 weeks in salinized Hoagland solution and supplemental nutrient addition reveals that salinity significantly reduced the yield and the addition of 8 meq/L NH₄ increase the yield among the salt treatment pots followed by 8 meq/L supplemental Ca.”
t0“wheat and barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity significantly reduced wheat dry matter yield yield.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- salinitye0
- Outcome
- dry matter yielde0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The fresh and dry matter yield after 4 weeks in salinized Hoagland solution and supplemental nutrient addition reveals that salinity significantly reduced the yield and the addition of 8 meq/L NH₄ increase the yield among the salt treatment pots followed by 8 meq/L supplemental Ca.”
t0“wheat and barley”
Claim · model-written summary
8 meq/L NH₄ increased wheat yield in salt treated pots.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 8 meq/L NH₄e0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Comparator
- salt treatment potse0
- Setting
- salinized Hoagland solutione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The fresh and dry matter yield after 4 weeks in salinized Hoagland solution and supplemental nutrient addition reveals that salinity significantly reduced the yield and the addition of 8 meq/L NH₄ increase the yield among the salt treatment pots followed by 8 meq/L supplemental Ca.”
t0“wheat and barley”
Claim · model-written summary
8 meq/L supplemental Ca increased wheat yield in salt treated pots.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 8 meq/L supplemental Cae0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Comparator
- salt treatment potse0
- Setting
- salinized Hoagland solutione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The fresh and dry matter yield after 4 weeks in salinized Hoagland solution and supplemental nutrient addition reveals that salinity significantly reduced the yield and the addition of 8 meq/L NH₄ increase the yield among the salt treatment pots followed by 8 meq/L supplemental Ca.”
t0“wheat and barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Supplemental ammonium increased wheat tiller number and grain yield in salinized solution.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- addition of 8 meq/L NH₄e0
- Outcome
- number of tillers and grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Likewise, number of tillers and grain yield was also increased by the addition of 8 meq/L NH₄ to salinized Hoagland solution.”
t0“wheat and barley”
Claim · model-written summary
SL had significantly higher wheat yields than YR.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“SL produced significantly higher yields than YR.”
t0“wheat and barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat Water potential increased significantly with salinity.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- salinitye0
- Outcome
- Watere0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Water and osmotic potential were significantly increased with salinity but turgor potential was not effected significantly.”
t0“wheat and barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat osmotic potential potential increased significantly with salinity.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- salinitye0
- Outcome
- osmotic potentiale0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Water and osmotic potential were significantly increased with salinity but turgor potential was not effected significantly.”
t0“wheat and barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat turgor potential was not significantly affected by salinity.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- salinitye0
- Outcome
- turgor potentiale0
- Direction
- not effectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Water and osmotic potential were significantly increased with salinity but turgor potential was not effected significantly.”
t0“wheat and barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Na concentration was significantly higher in salt treated wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- salte0
- Outcome
- Nae0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Concentrations of Na and Cl were significantly higher in both varieties in the salt added plants, and the uptake was reduced by the high level of supplemental NH₄.”
t0“wheat and barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Cl concentration was significantly higher in salt treated wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- salte0
- Outcome
- Cle0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Concentrations of Na and Cl were significantly higher in both varieties in the salt added plants, and the uptake was reduced by the high level of supplemental NH₄.”
t0“wheat and barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Supplemental ammonium reduced ion uptake in wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- high level of supplemental NH₄e0
- Outcome
- uptakee0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Concentrations of Na and Cl were significantly higher in both varieties in the salt added plants, and the uptake was reduced by the high level of supplemental NH₄.”
t0“wheat and barley”
Claim · model-written summary
YR absorbed higher amounts of Na, Mg, Cl and PO₄.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- YRe0
- Outcome
- absorbed higher amount of Na, Mg, Cl and PO₄e0
- Direction
- highere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Generally, YR (a salt sensitive variety) absorbed higher amount of Na, Mg, Cl and PO₄, which might be the possible cause of nutritional disturbance and hence reduced yield.”
t0“wheat and barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher irrigation water salinity significantly reduced barley vegetative growth and grain yield.
- Taxon
- barley
.jpg?width=60)
Hordeum vulgaret0 - Treatment
- salt concentrations of irrigation watere0
- Outcome
- vegetative growth and grain yielde0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“As the salt concentrations of irrigation water increased, vegetative growth and grain yield reduced significantly.”
t0“wheat and barley”
Claim · model-written summary
LF 0.4 significantly affected barley yield at moderate salinity.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- LF 0.4e0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Qualifier
- moderate salinitye0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“LF 0.4 had significant effect at moderate salinity on yield but was similar as LF, 0.2 when the salinity increased to 250 mM.”
t0“wheat and barley”
Claim · model-written summary
At 250 mM salinity, barley yield under LF 0.4 was similar to LF 0.2.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- LF 0.4e0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- similare0
- Qualifier
- 250 mMe0
- Comparator
- LF, 0.2e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“LF 0.4 had significant effect at moderate salinity on yield but was similar as LF, 0.2 when the salinity increased to 250 mM.”
t0“wheat and barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Both barley varieties attained their highest water use efficiency at moderate salinity.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Outcome
- WUE for the above ground dry matter and grain yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Qualifier
- moderate salinitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both varieties achieved the highest WUE for the above ground dry matter and grain yield at moderate salinity.”
t0“wheat and barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Mariout was salt tolerant and high yielding with and without salinity.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Material
- Marioute0
- Outcome
- salt tolerant and high yieldinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Mariout was salt tolerant and high yielding both in and out of salinity.”
t0“wheat and barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Barley leaf Na concentration increased with salinity.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Organ / stage
- leaf tissuee0
- Treatment
- salinitye0
- Outcome
- Na concentratione0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Na concentration of leaf tissue was significantly increased, while Ca and K concentration decreased with increase in salinity.”
t0“wheat and barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Barley leaf Ca and K concentration decreased with salinity.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Organ / stage
- leaf tissuee0
- Treatment
- salinitye0
- Outcome
- Ca and K concentratione0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Na concentration of leaf tissue was significantly increased, while Ca and K concentration decreased with increase in salinity.”
t0“wheat and barley”
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