Abstract
Chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat.) or autumn queen, a member of the Asteraceae family, is widely cultivated and ranks second to rose among cut and loose flowers in the global floriculture market. However, concerns regarding residual chemical fertilisers in cut flowers pose significant challenges for export, especially as international markets increasingly favour organically cultivated produce. The present study aimed to evaluate the influence of various organic nutrient sources on the yield and quality parameters of spray chrysanthemum. The experiment was conducted using a factorial randomised block design (FRBD) with two factors: chrysanthemum variety (two levels) and organic nutrient sources (thirteen levels), replicated three times. Among the treatments, T12 (vermicompost at 5 t/ha + Azotobacter at 2 g/plant + PSB at 2 g/plant) resulted in superior performance across varieties, significantly enhancing vegetative growth, floral characteristics and soil nutrient status. The V1 × T12 combination significantly enhanced vegetative growth, floral quality, phenological development and recorded the highest soil nitrogen (294.28 kg/ha), phosphorus (50.71 kg/ha) and potassium (273.26 kg/ha). In contrast, the control treatment (T1) consistently exhibited the lowest values across the measured parameters. Implementing this integrated organic nutrient management protocol offers a sustainable, cost-effective approach to producing export-quality flowers while improving soil health and reducing reliance on synthetic fertilisers in the sub-Himalayan plains.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
T12 significantly enhanced vegetative growth and floral characteristics across varieties.
- Taxon
- Chrysanthemum
.jpeg?width=60)
Chrysanthemume1 - Treatment
- T12 (vermicompost at 5 t/ha + Azotobacter at 2 g/plant + PSB at 2 g/plant)e0
- Interactor
- Azotobacter
Azotobactere0symbiont - Second interactor
- PSBe0symbiont
- Outcome
- vegetative growth, floral characteristicse0
- Direction
- enhancinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpeg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“T12 (vermicompost at 5 t/ha + Azotobacter at 2 g/plant + PSB at 2 g/plant) resulted in superior performance across varieties, significantly enhancing vegetative growth, floral characteristics and soil nutrient status”
e1“Chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat.)”
Claim · model-written summary
V1 × T12 significantly enhanced vegetative growth, floral quality, and phenological development.
- Taxon
- ChrysanthemumChrysanthemume1
- Treatment
- V1 × T12e0
- Outcome
- vegetative growth, floral quality, phenological developmente0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The V1 × T12 combination significantly enhanced vegetative growth, floral quality, phenological development”
e1“Chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat.)”
Claim · model-written summary
V1 × T12 yielded the highest soil nitrogen of 294.28 kg/ha.
- Taxon
- ChrysanthemumChrysanthemume1
- Treatment
- V1 × T12e0
- Outcome
- soil nitrogene0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 294.28 kg/hae0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The V1 × T12 combination significantly enhanced vegetative growth, floral quality, phenological development and recorded the highest soil nitrogen (294.28 kg/ha)”
e1“Chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat.)”
Claim · model-written summary
V1 × T12 yielded the highest soil phosphorus of 50.71 kg/ha.
- Taxon
- ChrysanthemumChrysanthemume2
- Treatment
- V1 × T12e1
- Outcome
- phosphoruse0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 50.71 kg/hae0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“recorded the highest soil nitrogen (294.28 kg/ha), phosphorus (50.71 kg/ha) and potassium (273.26 kg/ha)”
e1“The V1 × T12 combination”
e2“Chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat.)”
Claim · model-written summary
V1 × T12 yielded the highest soil potassium of 273.26 kg/ha.
- Taxon
- ChrysanthemumChrysanthemume2
- Treatment
- V1 × T12e1
- Outcome
- potassiume0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 273.26 kg/hae0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“recorded the highest soil nitrogen (294.28 kg/ha), phosphorus (50.71 kg/ha) and potassium (273.26 kg/ha)”
e1“The V1 × T12 combination”
e2“Chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat.)”
Claim · model-written summary
The control T1 had the lowest measured parameters.
- Taxon
- ChrysanthemumChrysanthemume1
- Treatment
- control treatment (T1)e0
- Outcome
- lowest values across the measured parameterse0
- Direction
- loweste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the control treatment (T1) consistently exhibited the lowest values across the measured parameters”
e1“Chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat.)”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend integrated organic nutrient management for export-quality flowers and soil health.
- Taxon
- ChrysanthemumChrysanthemume1
- Outcome
- producing export-quality flowers while improving soil health and reducing reliance on synthetic fertiliserse0
- Setting
- sub-Himalayan plainse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Implementing this integrated organic nutrient management protocol offers a sustainable, cost-effective approach to producing export-quality flowers while improving soil health and reducing reliance on synthetic fertilisers in the sub-Himalayan plains”
e1“Chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat.)”
The same questions in other papers
Azotobacter · growth · ChrysanthemumResults agree
6 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
3 papers more in this group
See all 7 papers →fertilization · growth · ChrysanthemumPositive and negative results
48 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- negative
- no effect
- negative
48 papers more in this group
See all 52 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.