Abstract
This study investigated the effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), Trichoderma harzianum, and their combinations on yield and quality of strawberry fruits in a soilless cultivation system. Six treatments were applied, control (no biostimulants), T. harzianum (TH), Claroideoglomus etunicatum (CE), a multispecies mycorrhizal community (IP CS), TH + CE, and TH + IP CS, arranged in a randomized block design with four replicates. While total fruit yield was not significantly affected, the application of T. harzianum, either alone or in combination with AMF, enhanced cumulative fruit production. The use of C. etunicatum improved sugar content and the sugar/acid ratio by 28% and 31%, respectively, compared to the control. Biostimulant treatments also increased total phytochemical content, particularly with the multispecies inoculant IP CS (increased anthocyanin content by 39% compared to the control) and the combinations TH + CE (flavonoid content 41% higher than the control) and TH + IP CS (flavonoid content 39% higher than the control). Multivariate analysis grouped the treatments into two groups, with the control (no biostimulants) forming a distinct group. In conclusion, biostimulation of ‘San Andreas’ strawberry plants improved fruit quality without significantly increasing yield. The combined use of AMF and T. harzianum is proposed as a sustainable strategy for enhancing fruit quality in soilless strawberry cultivation systems.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Biostimulants did not significantly affect total fruit yield.
- Taxon
- Strawberry
_single2.jpg?width=60)
Fragaria ×ananassat0 - Outcome
- total fruit yielde0
- Direction
- not significantly affectede0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_single2.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“total fruit yield was not significantly affected”
t0“Strawberry Fruits”
Claim · model-written summary
T. harzianum alone or with AMF enhanced cumulative fruit production.
- Taxon
- StrawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- application of T. harzianum, either alone or in combination with AMFe0
- Interactor
- T. harzianum
Trichoderma harzianume0symbiont - Outcome
- cumulative fruit productione0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“application of T. harzianum, either alone or in combination with AMF, enhanced cumulative fruit production”
t0“Strawberry Fruits”
Claim · model-written summary
C. etunicatum raised sugar content by 28% versus control.
- Taxon
- StrawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- C. etunicatume0
- Interactor
- C. etunicatum
Entrophospora etunicatae0symbiont - Outcome
- sugar contente0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Value
- 28%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“use of C. etunicatum improved sugar content and the sugar/acid ratio by 28% and 31%, respectively, compared to the control”
t0“Strawberry Fruits”
Claim · model-written summary
C. etunicatum raised sugar/acid ratio by 31% versus control.
- Taxon
- StrawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- C. etunicatume0
- Interactor
- C. etunicatumEntrophospora etunicatae0symbiont
- Outcome
- sugar/acid ratioe0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Value
- 31%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“use of C. etunicatum improved sugar content and the sugar/acid ratio by 28% and 31%, respectively, compared to the control”
t0“Strawberry Fruits”
Claim · model-written summary
IP CS increased anthocyanin content by 39% versus control.
- Taxon
- StrawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- IP CSe0
- Interactor
- IP CSe0symbiont
- Outcome
- anthocyanin contente0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 39%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“multispecies inoculant IP CS (increased anthocyanin content by 39% compared to the control)”
t0“Strawberry Fruits”
Claim · model-written summary
TH + CE raised flavonoid content by 41% versus control.
- Taxon
- StrawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- TH + CEe0
- Outcome
- flavonoid contente0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 41%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“TH + CE (flavonoid content 41% higher than the control)”
t0“Strawberry Fruits”
Claim · model-written summary
TH + IP CS raised flavonoid content by 39% versus control.
- Taxon
- StrawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- TH + IP CSe0
- Outcome
- flavonoid contente0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 39%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“TH + IP CS (flavonoid content 39% higher than the control)”
t0“Strawberry Fruits”
Claim · model-written summary
Multivariate analysis separated control from biostimulant treatments.
- Taxon
- StrawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Outcome
- control (no biostimulants) forming a distinct groupe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Multivariate analysis grouped the treatments into two groups, with the control (no biostimulants) forming a distinct group”
t0“Strawberry Fruits”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors propose combined AMF and T. harzianum for fruit quality in soilless strawberry cultivation.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassae0
- Outcome
- combined use of AMF and T. harzianume0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“combined use of AMF and T. harzianum is proposed as a sustainable strategy for enhancing fruit quality in soilless strawberry cultivation systems”
The same questions in other papers
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1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Trichoderma harzianum · yield · Fragaria x ananassa (strawberry)Results agree
5 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
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See all 6 papers →mycorrhiza · yield · Fragaria x ananassa (strawberry)Results differ
29 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- no effect
30 papers more in this group
See all 34 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.