Abstract
Sorghum productivity on vertisols is constrained by phosphate fixation, salinity, and nutrient limitations, undermining food security in semi-arid regions. We evaluated the impact of indigenous arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) inoculation on growth, yield, and phosphorus (P) dynamics of four Sudanese sorghum cultivars across two vertisol sites: Abassyia (salinity – sodicity stress) and Medani (P deficiency). Field inoculation with indigenous AMF consortia (Rhizophagus, Glomus, Claroideoglomus, Funneliformis, Entrophospora, Scutellospora, and Acaulospora) improved sorghum performance, increasing biomass, panicle length, grain yield, root colonization, spore density, and phosphorus acquisition efficiency (PAE). Inoculated plants achieved colonization levels of 52–81% and spore densities up to 4894 spores per 100 g soil, with PAE increasing to 132 mg P plant− 1. Shoot P concentration and plant height were unaffected; no conclusion can be drawn regarding P allocation. Cultivar- and site-specific responses identified Tabat as the most productive cultivar (36.6 g grain yield plant− 1), while Tetron showed superior PAE. Multivariate analyses confirmed strong associations between AMF colonization, biomass, and yield, with clustering of inoculated and uninoculated plants. These findings provide robust field evidence that leveraging indigenous AMF biodiversity enhances P-use efficiency and sorghum productivity on vertisols, supporting sustainable biofertilization in low-input systems in sub-Saharan Africa under climate-stressed environments.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
AMF inoculation increased sorghum biomass and panicle length.
- Treatment
- inoculation with indigenous AMF consortiae0
- Interactor
- AMFe0symbiont
- Outcome
- biomass, panicle lengthe0
- Direction
- increasinge0
SorghumNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Field inoculation with indigenous AMF consortia (Rhizophagus, Glomus, Claroideoglomus, Funneliformis, Entrophospora, Scutellospora, and Acaulospora) improved sorghum performance, increasing biomass, panicle length, grain yield, root colonization, spore density, and phosphorus acquisition efficiency (PAE).”
Claim · model-written summary
AMF inoculation increased grain yield.
- Treatment
- inoculation with indigenous AMF consortiae0
- Interactor
- AMFe0symbiont
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Field inoculation with indigenous AMF consortia (Rhizophagus, Glomus, Claroideoglomus, Funneliformis, Entrophospora, Scutellospora, and Acaulospora) improved sorghum performance, increasing biomass, panicle length, grain yield, root colonization, spore density, and phosphorus acquisition efficiency (PAE).”
Claim · model-written summary
AMF inoculation increased root colonization and spore density.
- Treatment
- inoculation with indigenous AMF consortiae0
- Interactor
- AMFe0symbiont
- Outcome
- root colonization, spore densitye0
- Direction
- increasinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Field inoculation with indigenous AMF consortia (Rhizophagus, Glomus, Claroideoglomus, Funneliformis, Entrophospora, Scutellospora, and Acaulospora) improved sorghum performance, increasing biomass, panicle length, grain yield, root colonization, spore density, and phosphorus acquisition efficiency (PAE).”
Claim · model-written summary
AMF inoculation increased phosphorus acquisition efficiency.
- Treatment
- inoculation with indigenous AMF consortiae0
- Interactor
- AMFe0symbiont
- Outcome
- phosphorus acquisition efficiency (PAE)e0
- Direction
- increasinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Field inoculation with indigenous AMF consortia (Rhizophagus, Glomus, Claroideoglomus, Funneliformis, Entrophospora, Scutellospora, and Acaulospora) improved sorghum performance, increasing biomass, panicle length, grain yield, root colonization, spore density, and phosphorus acquisition efficiency (PAE).”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculated sorghum achieved 52–81% AMF colonization.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Inoculated plants achieved colonization levels of 52–81% and spore densities up to 4894 spores per 100 g soil, with PAE increasing to 132 mg P plant− 1.”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculated soils reached 4894 AMF spores per 100 g soil.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Inoculated plants achieved colonization levels of 52–81% and spore densities up to 4894 spores per 100 g soil, with PAE increasing to 132 mg P plant− 1.”
Claim · model-written summary
PAE increased to 132 mg P plant− 1 in inoculated plants.
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“Inoculated plants achieved colonization levels of 52–81% and spore densities up to 4894 spores per 100 g soil, with PAE increasing to 132 mg P plant− 1.”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation left shoot P concentration and plant height unaffected.
Not reportedTaxonTreatmentComparator
Verbatim
e0“Shoot P concentration and plant height were unaffected; no conclusion can be drawn regarding P allocation.”
Claim · model-written summary
Tabat was the most productive cultivar at 36.6 g grain yield per plant.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Cultivar- and site-specific responses identified Tabat as the most productive cultivar (36.6 g grain yield plant− 1), while Tetron showed superior PAE.”
Claim · model-written summary
Tetron showed superior phosphorus acquisition efficiency.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Cultivar- and site-specific responses identified Tabat as the most productive cultivar (36.6 g grain yield plant− 1), while Tetron showed superior PAE.”
Claim · model-written summary
AMF colonization, biomass and yield were strongly associated.
Not reportedTaxonDirection
Verbatim
e0“Multivariate analyses confirmed strong associations between AMF colonization, biomass, and yield, with clustering of inoculated and uninoculated plants.”
Claim · model-written summary
Multivariate analysis clustered inoculated and uninoculated plants.
- Outcome
- clustering of inoculated and uninoculated plantse0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Multivariate analyses confirmed strong associations between AMF colonization, biomass, and yield, with clustering of inoculated and uninoculated plants.”
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