Abstract
Drawbacks of intensive farming practices and environmental costs of N fertilizers have renewed interest in bio-fertilizers. This study was conducted in order to investigate the effectiveness of 7 N2-fixing bacterial isolates from various sources in sugar beet and barley production under field conditions in the higland plateau of Erzurum, Turkey (29° 55′ N and 41° 16′ E with an altitude of 1950 m) in 1999 and 2000. Seeds were inoculated with five bacterial strains of Bacillus; BA-140, BA-142, M-3, M-13, and M-58, a strain of Burkholderia (BA-7) and Pseudomonas (BA-8). The bacterial strains had been demonstrated to grow in N-free basal medium. The experiment also included applications of mineral nitrogen (N), phosphorous (P), and NP-fertilizer as well as a control treatment without inoculation and fertilizer application. Two years of trials under field conditions showed that seed inoculation with bacterial strains significantly affected yield, yield components, and quality parameters both in sugar beet and barley. On an average of both years, seed inoculation of sugar beet with BA-140, BA-142, M-58, BA-7, BA-8, M-13, and M-3 increased root yield by 13.0, 12.6, 10.5, 9.2, 8.1, 6.1, and 6.5% as compared to the control and sugar yield by 7.8, 6.3, 5.1, 4.0, 3.2, 2.3, and 5.3%, respectively. N, P, and NP applications, however, increased root yield up to 13.6, 5.3, and 21.4% and sugar yield by 6.1, 4.0, and 14.8%, respectively. Of the bacteria tested, BA-140 and BA-142 had yields equal to N application. All bacterial inoculations also gave higher seed and total biomass yields in barley than control plots. BA-140 and BA-142 were top yielding strains. In conclusion, bacterial seed inoculations especially with BA-140 and BA-142 may satisfy nitrogen requirements of sugar beet and barley under field conditions even in upland areas.
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Claims 20
Claim · model-written summary
BA-140 seed inoculation increased sugar beet root yield by 13.0% over the control.
- Taxon
- sugar beet
Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgarise2 - Material
- BA-140e2
- Treatment
- seed inoculatione2
- Interactor
- BA-140e2symbiont
- Outcome
- root yielde2
- Direction
- increasede2
- Value
- 13.0e2
- Comparator
- controle2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“seed inoculation of sugar beet with BA-140, BA-142, M-58, BA-7, BA-8, M-13, and M-3 increased root yield by 13.0, 12.6, 10.5, 9.2, 8.1, 6.1, and 6.5% as compared to the control and sugar yield by 7.8, 6.3, 5.1, 4.0, 3.2, 2.3, and 5.3%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
BA-142 seed inoculation increased sugar beet root yield by 12.6% over the control.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarise2
- Material
- BA-142e2
- Treatment
- seed inoculatione2
- Interactor
- BA-142e2symbiont
- Outcome
- root yielde2
- Direction
- increasede2
- Value
- 12.6e2
- Comparator
- controle2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“seed inoculation of sugar beet with BA-140, BA-142, M-58, BA-7, BA-8, M-13, and M-3 increased root yield by 13.0, 12.6, 10.5, 9.2, 8.1, 6.1, and 6.5% as compared to the control and sugar yield by 7.8, 6.3, 5.1, 4.0, 3.2, 2.3, and 5.3%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
M-58 seed inoculation increased sugar beet root yield by 10.5% over the control.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarise2
- Material
- M-58e2
- Treatment
- seed inoculatione2
- Interactor
- M-58e2symbiont
- Outcome
- root yielde2
- Direction
- increasede2
- Value
- 10.5e2
- Comparator
- controle2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“seed inoculation of sugar beet with BA-140, BA-142, M-58, BA-7, BA-8, M-13, and M-3 increased root yield by 13.0, 12.6, 10.5, 9.2, 8.1, 6.1, and 6.5% as compared to the control and sugar yield by 7.8, 6.3, 5.1, 4.0, 3.2, 2.3, and 5.3%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
BA-7 seed inoculation increased sugar beet root yield by 9.2% over the control.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarise2
- Material
- BA-7e2
- Treatment
- seed inoculatione2
- Interactor
- BA-7e2symbiont
- Outcome
- root yielde2
- Direction
- increasede2
- Value
- 9.2e2
- Comparator
- controle2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“seed inoculation of sugar beet with BA-140, BA-142, M-58, BA-7, BA-8, M-13, and M-3 increased root yield by 13.0, 12.6, 10.5, 9.2, 8.1, 6.1, and 6.5% as compared to the control and sugar yield by 7.8, 6.3, 5.1, 4.0, 3.2, 2.3, and 5.3%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
BA-8 seed inoculation increased sugar beet root yield by 8.1% over the control.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarise2
- Material
- BA-8e2
- Treatment
- seed inoculatione2
- Interactor
- BA-8e2symbiont
- Outcome
- root yielde2
- Direction
- increasede2
- Value
- 8.1e2
- Comparator
- controle2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“seed inoculation of sugar beet with BA-140, BA-142, M-58, BA-7, BA-8, M-13, and M-3 increased root yield by 13.0, 12.6, 10.5, 9.2, 8.1, 6.1, and 6.5% as compared to the control and sugar yield by 7.8, 6.3, 5.1, 4.0, 3.2, 2.3, and 5.3%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
M-13 seed inoculation increased sugar beet root yield by 6.1% over the control.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarise2
- Material
- M-13e2
- Treatment
- seed inoculatione2
- Interactor
- M-13e2symbiont
- Outcome
- root yielde2
- Direction
- increasede2
- Value
- 6.1e2
- Comparator
- controle2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“seed inoculation of sugar beet with BA-140, BA-142, M-58, BA-7, BA-8, M-13, and M-3 increased root yield by 13.0, 12.6, 10.5, 9.2, 8.1, 6.1, and 6.5% as compared to the control and sugar yield by 7.8, 6.3, 5.1, 4.0, 3.2, 2.3, and 5.3%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
M-3 seed inoculation increased sugar beet root yield by 6.5% over the control.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarise2
- Material
- M-3e2
- Treatment
- seed inoculatione2
- Interactor
- M-3e2symbiont
- Outcome
- root yielde2
- Direction
- increasede2
- Value
- 6.5e2
- Comparator
- controle2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“seed inoculation of sugar beet with BA-140, BA-142, M-58, BA-7, BA-8, M-13, and M-3 increased root yield by 13.0, 12.6, 10.5, 9.2, 8.1, 6.1, and 6.5% as compared to the control and sugar yield by 7.8, 6.3, 5.1, 4.0, 3.2, 2.3, and 5.3%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
BA-140 seed inoculation increased sugar beet sugar yield by 7.8% over the control.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarise2
- Material
- BA-140e2
- Treatment
- seed inoculatione2
- Interactor
- BA-140e2symbiont
- Outcome
- sugar yielde2
- Direction
- increasede2
- Value
- 7.8e2
- Comparator
- controle2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“seed inoculation of sugar beet with BA-140, BA-142, M-58, BA-7, BA-8, M-13, and M-3 increased root yield by 13.0, 12.6, 10.5, 9.2, 8.1, 6.1, and 6.5% as compared to the control and sugar yield by 7.8, 6.3, 5.1, 4.0, 3.2, 2.3, and 5.3%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
BA-142 seed inoculation increased sugar beet sugar yield by 6.3% over the control.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarise2
- Material
- BA-142e2
- Treatment
- seed inoculatione2
- Interactor
- BA-142e2symbiont
- Outcome
- sugar yielde2
- Direction
- increasede2
- Value
- 6.3e2
- Comparator
- controle2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“seed inoculation of sugar beet with BA-140, BA-142, M-58, BA-7, BA-8, M-13, and M-3 increased root yield by 13.0, 12.6, 10.5, 9.2, 8.1, 6.1, and 6.5% as compared to the control and sugar yield by 7.8, 6.3, 5.1, 4.0, 3.2, 2.3, and 5.3%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
M-58 seed inoculation increased sugar beet sugar yield by 5.1% over the control.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarise2
- Material
- M-58e2
- Treatment
- seed inoculatione2
- Interactor
- M-58e2symbiont
- Outcome
- sugar yielde2
- Direction
- increasede2
- Value
- 5.1e2
- Comparator
- controle2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“seed inoculation of sugar beet with BA-140, BA-142, M-58, BA-7, BA-8, M-13, and M-3 increased root yield by 13.0, 12.6, 10.5, 9.2, 8.1, 6.1, and 6.5% as compared to the control and sugar yield by 7.8, 6.3, 5.1, 4.0, 3.2, 2.3, and 5.3%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
BA-7 seed inoculation increased sugar beet sugar yield by 4.0% over the control.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarise2
- Material
- BA-7e2
- Treatment
- seed inoculatione2
- Interactor
- BA-7e2symbiont
- Outcome
- sugar yielde2
- Direction
- increasede2
- Value
- 4.0e2
- Comparator
- controle2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“seed inoculation of sugar beet with BA-140, BA-142, M-58, BA-7, BA-8, M-13, and M-3 increased root yield by 13.0, 12.6, 10.5, 9.2, 8.1, 6.1, and 6.5% as compared to the control and sugar yield by 7.8, 6.3, 5.1, 4.0, 3.2, 2.3, and 5.3%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
BA-8 seed inoculation increased sugar beet sugar yield by 3.2% over the control.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarise2
- Material
- BA-8e2
- Treatment
- seed inoculatione2
- Interactor
- BA-8e2symbiont
- Outcome
- sugar yielde2
- Direction
- increasede2
- Value
- 3.2e2
- Comparator
- controle2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“seed inoculation of sugar beet with BA-140, BA-142, M-58, BA-7, BA-8, M-13, and M-3 increased root yield by 13.0, 12.6, 10.5, 9.2, 8.1, 6.1, and 6.5% as compared to the control and sugar yield by 7.8, 6.3, 5.1, 4.0, 3.2, 2.3, and 5.3%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
M-13 seed inoculation increased sugar beet sugar yield by 2.3% over the control.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarise2
- Material
- M-13e2
- Treatment
- seed inoculatione2
- Interactor
- M-13e2symbiont
- Outcome
- sugar yielde2
- Direction
- increasede2
- Value
- 2.3e2
- Comparator
- controle2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“seed inoculation of sugar beet with BA-140, BA-142, M-58, BA-7, BA-8, M-13, and M-3 increased root yield by 13.0, 12.6, 10.5, 9.2, 8.1, 6.1, and 6.5% as compared to the control and sugar yield by 7.8, 6.3, 5.1, 4.0, 3.2, 2.3, and 5.3%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
M-3 seed inoculation increased sugar beet sugar yield by 5.3% over the control.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarise2
- Material
- M-3e2
- Treatment
- seed inoculatione2
- Interactor
- M-3e2symbiont
- Outcome
- sugar yielde2
- Direction
- increasede2
- Value
- 5.3e2
- Comparator
- controle2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“seed inoculation of sugar beet with BA-140, BA-142, M-58, BA-7, BA-8, M-13, and M-3 increased root yield by 13.0, 12.6, 10.5, 9.2, 8.1, 6.1, and 6.5% as compared to the control and sugar yield by 7.8, 6.3, 5.1, 4.0, 3.2, 2.3, and 5.3%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
N, P and NP fertilizer applications increased sugar beet root yield by 13.6%, 5.3% and 21.4% respectively.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarise1
- Treatment
- N, P, and NP applicationse3
- Outcome
- root yielde3
- Direction
- increasede3
- Value
- 13.6, 5.3, and 21.4%e3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“N, P, and NP applications, however, increased root yield up to 13.6, 5.3, and 21.4% and sugar yield by 6.1, 4.0, and 14.8%, respectively”
e1“seed inoculation with bacterial strains significantly affected yield, yield components, and quality parameters both in sugar beet and barley”
Claim · model-written summary
N, P and NP fertilizer applications increased sugar beet sugar yield by 6.1%, 4.0% and 14.8% respectively.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarise1
- Treatment
- N, P, and NP applicationse3
- Outcome
- sugar yielde3
- Direction
- increasede3
- Value
- 6.1, 4.0, and 14.8%e3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“N, P, and NP applications, however, increased root yield up to 13.6, 5.3, and 21.4% and sugar yield by 6.1, 4.0, and 14.8%, respectively”
e1“seed inoculation with bacterial strains significantly affected yield, yield components, and quality parameters both in sugar beet and barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed inoculation with BA-140 and BA-142 gave sugar beet yields equal to nitrogen application, and these two strains were the top yielding strains.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarise1
- Treatment
- BA-140 and BA-142e4
- Interactor
- BA-140e4symbiont
- Second interactor
- BA-142e4symbiont
- Outcome
- yieldse4
- Direction
- equale4
- Qualifier
- top yielding strainse5
- Comparator
- N applicatione4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“Of the bacteria tested, BA-140 and BA-142 had yields equal to N application”
e5“BA-140 and BA-142 were top yielding strains”
e1“seed inoculation with bacterial strains significantly affected yield, yield components, and quality parameters both in sugar beet and barley”
Claim · model-written summary
All bacterial seed inoculations gave higher barley seed and total biomass yields than control plots.
- Taxon
- barley
.jpg?width=60)
Hordeum vulgaree6 - Treatment
- bacterial inoculationse6
- Outcome
- seed and total biomass yieldse6
- Direction
- highere6
- Comparator
- control plotse6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e6“All bacterial inoculations also gave higher seed and total biomass yields in barley than control plots”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed significantly affected yield, yield components and quality parameters of sugar beet and barley.
- Taxon
- sugar beet and barleyBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarisHordeum vulgaree1
- Treatment
- seed inoculation with bacterial strainse1
- Outcome
- yield, yield components, and quality parameterse1
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“seed inoculation with bacterial strains significantly affected yield, yield components, and quality parameters both in sugar beet and barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Bacterial seed inoculations, especially with BA-140 and BA-142, may satisfy the nitrogen requirements of sugar beet and barley under field conditions in upland areas.
- Taxon
- sugar beet and barleyBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarisHordeum vulgaree7
- Treatment
- bacterial seed inoculationse7
- Interactor
- BA-140e7symbiont
- Second interactor
- BA-142e7symbiont
- Outcome
- nitrogen requirementse7
- Qualifier
- under field conditions even in upland arease7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“In conclusion, bacterial seed inoculations especially with BA-140 and BA-142 may satisfy nitrogen requirements of sugar beet and barley under field conditions even in upland areas”
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See all 27 papers →8 of 12 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.