Abstract
• 20 SOD genes were identified in wheat and divided into three subfamilies. • TaSOD7 - 4A enhances drought tolerance of transgenic wheat. • TaPHL7 directly binds to the TaSOD7 - 4A promoter and activates its expression. • Overexpression and RNA interference of TaPHL7 enhance and reduce drought tolerance, respectively. • TaPHL7 – TaSOD7 - 4A regulatory pair broadens the mechanistic framework of drought stress responses. Drought stress severely constrains wheat production and presents a significant threat to global food security. Although superoxide dismutase (SOD) proteins are known to enhance drought resistance, the upstream regulatory mechanisms governing their expression remain poorly understood. In this study, a genome-wide analysis was conducted that identified 20 SOD genes in wheat. TaSOD7 - 4A overexpression in wheat significantly increased antioxidant enzyme activity and improved drought tolerance in transgenic lines. TaPHL7 was identified as an upstream transcriptional regulator of TaSOD7 - 4A using a combination of bioinformatic analyses and electrophoretic mobility shift, yeast one-hybrid, and dual-luciferase assays. Subcellular localization experiments confirmed that TaPHL7 protein is localized to the nucleus, and yeast two-hybrid assays demonstrated its transcriptional activation activity, which was mapped to the C-terminal region. Under drought stress, TaPHL7 overexpression significantly improved drought tolerance in transgenic wheat, accompanied by lower H 2 O 2 and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents, higher relative water content (RWC) and proline accumulation, and enhanced antioxidant enzyme activity. Conversely, TaPHL7 RNA interference wheat lines exhibited increased MDA content, decreased proline levels, and reduced antioxidant enzyme activity. Collectively, our experiments revealed the TaPHL7–TaSOD7-4A regulatory module as a key mechanism underlying positive drought responses and identified candidate genes with the potential to breed superior drought-resistant wheat lines.
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
A genome-wide analysis identified 20 SOD genes in wheat.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume1 - Outcome
- SOD genese1
- Value
- 20 SOD genese1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“a genome-wide analysis was conducted that identified 20 SOD genes in wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
TaSOD7-4A overexpression in wheat significantly increased antioxidant enzyme activity.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume2
- Treatment
- TaSOD7 - 4A overexpressione2
- Outcome
- antioxidant enzyme activitye2
- Direction
- increasede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“TaSOD7 - 4A overexpression in wheat significantly increased antioxidant enzyme activity and improved drought tolerance in transgenic lines”
Claim · model-written summary
TaSOD7-4A overexpression improved drought tolerance in transgenic wheat lines.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume2
- Treatment
- TaSOD7 - 4A overexpressione2
- Outcome
- drought tolerancee2
- Direction
- improvede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“TaSOD7 - 4A overexpression in wheat significantly increased antioxidant enzyme activity and improved drought tolerance in transgenic lines”
Claim · model-written summary
TaPHL7 was identified as an upstream transcriptional regulator of TaSOD7-4A.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Gene
- TaPHL7e3
- Outcome
- upstream transcriptional regulator of TaSOD7 - 4Ae3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“a genome-wide analysis was conducted that identified 20 SOD genes in wheat”
e3“TaPHL7 was identified as an upstream transcriptional regulator of TaSOD7 - 4A”
Claim · model-written summary
TaPHL7 directly binds to the TaSOD7-4A promoter and activates its expression.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Gene
- TaPHL7e4
- Outcome
- expressione4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“a genome-wide analysis was conducted that identified 20 SOD genes in wheat”
e4“TaPHL7 directly binds to the TaSOD7 - 4A promoter and activates its expression”
Claim · model-written summary
The TaPHL7 protein is localized to the nucleus.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Gene
- TaPHL7 proteine5
- Outcome
- localized to the nucleuse5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“a genome-wide analysis was conducted that identified 20 SOD genes in wheat”
e5“Subcellular localization experiments confirmed that TaPHL7 protein is localized to the nucleus”
Claim · model-written summary
TaPHL7 has transcriptional activation activity, mapped to its C-terminal region.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Outcome
- transcriptional activation activitye6
- Qualifier
- mapped to the C-terminal regione6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“a genome-wide analysis was conducted that identified 20 SOD genes in wheat”
e6“yeast two-hybrid assays demonstrated its transcriptional activation activity, which was mapped to the C-terminal region”
Claim · model-written summary
Under drought stress, TaPHL7 overexpression significantly improved drought tolerance in transgenic wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume7
- Treatment
- TaPHL7 overexpressione7
- Outcome
- drought tolerancee7
- Direction
- improvede7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“Under drought stress, TaPHL7 overexpression significantly improved drought tolerance in transgenic wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
TaPHL7 overexpression lowered H2O2 and MDA contents under drought stress.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume7
- Treatment
- TaPHL7 overexpressione7
- Outcome
- H 2 O 2 and malondialdehyde (MDA) contentse0
- Direction
- lowere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“Under drought stress, TaPHL7 overexpression significantly improved drought tolerance in transgenic wheat”
e0“accompanied by lower H 2 O 2 and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents, higher relative water content (RWC) and proline accumulation, and enhanced antioxidant enzyme activity”
Claim · model-written summary
TaPHL7 overexpression increased relative water content under drought stress.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume7
- Treatment
- TaPHL7 overexpressione7
- Outcome
- relative water content (RWC)e0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“Under drought stress, TaPHL7 overexpression significantly improved drought tolerance in transgenic wheat”
e0“accompanied by lower H 2 O 2 and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents, higher relative water content (RWC) and proline accumulation, and enhanced antioxidant enzyme activity”
Claim · model-written summary
TaPHL7 overexpression increased proline accumulation under drought stress.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume7
- Treatment
- TaPHL7 overexpressione7
- Outcome
- proline accumulatione0
- Direction
- accumulatione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“Under drought stress, TaPHL7 overexpression significantly improved drought tolerance in transgenic wheat”
e0“accompanied by lower H 2 O 2 and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents, higher relative water content (RWC) and proline accumulation, and enhanced antioxidant enzyme activity”
Claim · model-written summary
TaPHL7 overexpression enhanced antioxidant enzyme activity under drought stress.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume7
- Treatment
- TaPHL7 overexpressione7
- Outcome
- antioxidant enzyme activitye0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“Under drought stress, TaPHL7 overexpression significantly improved drought tolerance in transgenic wheat”
e0“accompanied by lower H 2 O 2 and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents, higher relative water content (RWC) and proline accumulation, and enhanced antioxidant enzyme activity”
Claim · model-written summary
TaPHL7 RNA interference wheat lines showed increased MDA content.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- TaPHL7 RNA interferencee0
- Outcome
- MDA contente0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“TaPHL7 RNA interference wheat lines exhibited increased MDA content, decreased proline levels, and reduced antioxidant enzyme activity”
Claim · model-written summary
TaPHL7 RNA interference wheat lines showed decreased proline levels.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- TaPHL7 RNA interferencee0
- Outcome
- proline levelse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“TaPHL7 RNA interference wheat lines exhibited increased MDA content, decreased proline levels, and reduced antioxidant enzyme activity”
Claim · model-written summary
TaPHL7 RNA interference wheat lines showed reduced antioxidant enzyme activity.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- TaPHL7 RNA interferencee0
- Outcome
- antioxidant enzyme activitye0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“TaPHL7 RNA interference wheat lines exhibited increased MDA content, decreased proline levels, and reduced antioxidant enzyme activity”
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