Abstract
Selection of the appropriate application method is critical for ensuring pesticide efficacy and food/environment safety. This study systematically compared the fate and health risks of cyetpyrafen in strawberry–soil systems under foliar spray and root irrigation. Foliar spray resulted in a limited downward translocation of cyetpyrafen with translocation factors (TF root/leaf ) of 0.002–0.006. In contrast, root irrigation led to its preferential accumulation in roots with root concentration factors up to 3.11 and limited upward translocation (TF leaf/root: 0.01–0.13). Photoisomerization to E -cyetpyrafen (18.9–32.5%) was the dominant transformation pathway in strawberry plants under foliar spray, whereas cyetpyrafen was mainly hydrolyzed to M-309 (7.7–22.5%) in roots under root irrigation. Although its dietary risks for humans were acceptable (the maximum risk quotient: 7.29 × 10 –7 ) for both methods, M-309 in roots (up to 497.8 μg kg –1 ) and soil (45.0 μg kg –1 ) under root irrigation posed potential risks to nontarget organisms.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar spraying limited downward cyetpyrafen translocation in strawberry, with root-to-leaf factors of 0.002–0.006.
- Taxon
- strawberry
_single2.jpg?width=60)
Fragaria ×ananassat0 - Treatment
- Foliar spraye0
- Outcome
- downward translocation of cyetpyrafene0
- Direction
- limitede0
- Value
- 0.002–0.006e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_single2.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Foliar spray resulted in a limited downward translocation of cyetpyrafen with translocation factors (TF root/leaf ) of 0.002–0.006.”
t0“strawberry–soil systems”
Claim · model-written summary
Root irrigation produced preferential cyetpyrafen accumulation in roots, with root concentration factors up to 3.11.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- root irrigatione0
- Outcome
- accumulation in rootse0
- Direction
- preferential accumulatione0
- Value
- up to 3.11e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“root irrigation led to its preferential accumulation in roots with root concentration factors up to 3.11”
t0“strawberry–soil systems”
Claim · model-written summary
Root irrigation limited upward cyetpyrafen translocation, with leaf-to-root factors of 0.01–0.13.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- root irrigatione1
- Outcome
- upward translocatione0
- Direction
- limitede0
- Value
- 0.01–0.13e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“limited upward translocation (TF leaf/root: 0.01–0.13)”
t0“strawberry–soil systems”
e1“root irrigation led to its preferential accumulation in roots”
Claim · model-written summary
Under foliar spray, photoisomerization to E-cyetpyrafen was the dominant pathway at 18.9–32.5%.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- foliar spraye0
- Outcome
- Photoisomerization to E -cyetpyrafene0
- Direction
- dominante0
- Value
- 18.9–32.5%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Photoisomerization to E -cyetpyrafen (18.9–32.5%) was the dominant transformation pathway in strawberry plants under foliar spray”
t0“strawberry–soil systems”
Claim · model-written summary
Under root irrigation, cyetpyrafen was mainly hydrolyzed to M-309 in roots at 7.7–22.5%.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- root irrigatione0
- Outcome
- hydrolyzed to M-309e0
- Direction
- mainlye0
- Value
- 7.7–22.5%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“cyetpyrafen was mainly hydrolyzed to M-309 (7.7–22.5%) in roots under root irrigation”
t0“strawberry–soil systems”
Claim · model-written summary
Dietary risk for humans was acceptable under both application methods.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Outcome
- dietary risks for humanse0
- Value
- 7.29 × 10 –7e0
- Qualifier
- for both methodse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“its dietary risks for humans were acceptable (the maximum risk quotient: 7.29 × 10 –7 ) for both methods”
t0“strawberry–soil systems”
Claim · model-written summary
Under root irrigation, M-309 in roots reached up to 497.8 μg kg –1.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- root irrigatione0
- Outcome
- M-309 in rootse0
- Value
- up to 497.8 μg kg –1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“M-309 in roots (up to 497.8 μg kg –1 ) and soil (45.0 μg kg –1 ) under root irrigation posed potential risks to nontarget organisms”
t0“strawberry–soil systems”
Claim · model-written summary
Under root irrigation, M-309 in soil was 45.0 μg kg –1.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- root irrigatione0
- Outcome
- soile0
- Value
- 45.0 μg kg –1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“M-309 in roots (up to 497.8 μg kg –1 ) and soil (45.0 μg kg –1 ) under root irrigation posed potential risks to nontarget organisms”
t0“strawberry–soil systems”
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See all 20 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.