Abstract
Production and productivity of garlic was constrained by many factors, among which soil fertility gradation and lack area specific fertilizer recommendation are the most important in Ethiopia. Thus, on site trial was executed at Wachemo University Lembuda demonstration field during 2021/2022 with the aims to identify the effects of NPS fertilizer and chicken manure levels on growth, bulb yield and quality and to determine the economically feasible combination of NPS and chicken manure rate for garlic productivity in the area. The treatments included four levels of chicken manure (0, 5, 10 and 15 t/ha) and five levels of NPS fertilizer (0, 50,100, 150 and 200 kg/ha) arranged factorially using a randomized complete block design (RCBD) and replicated three times. Growth, bulb yield and quality data were collected and subjected to analysis using SAS version 9.4. With the exception of days to maturity, leaf number and non-marketable bulb yield in the case of chicken manure, the majority of the investigated parameters were significantly (P < 0.05) affected by the main effects of chicken manure and NPS fertilizer. The interaction impact was not significant for nearly all of the examined variables except marketable and total bulb yield. As a result, combined application of 15 t/ha chicken manure with 150 kg/ha NPS fertilizer produced the maximum marketable bulb (19.52 t/ha) and total bulb yield (20.27 t/ha), with a 927% yield advantage over plants receiving no fertilizer. Plots with 15 t/ha chicken manure had the highest bulb dry matter (35.31%) and TSS (22.47° Brix). In terms of economic analysis, the plot treated with plants 15 t/ha of chicken manure and 150 kg/ha of NPS fertilizer had the highest net benefit (524224.8 ETB/ha) with an MRR of 10,159.1%. Hence, this combination was found to be the best and cost-effective one for smallholder farmers in the study area that could be recommended to boost garlic production and productivity.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Chicken manure significantly affected most measured growth, yield and quality parameters.
- Taxon
- Garlic
Allium sativumt0 - Treatment
- chicken manuree0
- Outcome
- majority of the investigated parameterse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the majority of the investigated parameters were significantly (P < 0.05) affected by the main effects of chicken manure and NPS fertilizer”
t0“Garlic (Allium sativum L.) yield and quality as affected by different integrated fertilizer levels in Wachemo University, southern Ethiopia”
Claim · model-written summary
NPS fertilizer significantly affected most measured parameters.
- Taxon
- GarlicAllium sativumt0
- Treatment
- NPS fertilizere0
- Outcome
- majority of the investigated parameterse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the majority of the investigated parameters were significantly (P < 0.05) affected by the main effects of chicken manure and NPS fertilizer”
t0“Garlic (Allium sativum L.) yield and quality as affected by different integrated fertilizer levels in Wachemo University, southern Ethiopia”
Claim · model-written summary
The fertilizer interaction was significant for marketable and total bulb yield.
- Taxon
- GarlicAllium sativumt0
- Treatment
- interactione0
- Outcome
- marketable and total bulb yielde0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The interaction impact was not significant for nearly all of the examined variables except marketable and total bulb yield”
t0“Garlic (Allium sativum L.) yield and quality as affected by different integrated fertilizer levels in Wachemo University, southern Ethiopia”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined 15 t/ha manure and 150 kg/ha NPS produced maximum marketable bulb yield of 19.52 t/ha.
- Taxon
- GarlicAllium sativumt0
- Treatment
- 15 t/ha chicken manure with 150 kg/ha NPS fertilizere0
- Outcome
- marketable bulbe0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 19.52 t/hae0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“combined application of 15 t/ha chicken manure with 150 kg/ha NPS fertilizer produced the maximum marketable bulb (19.52 t/ha) and total bulb yield (20.27 t/ha)”
t0“Garlic (Allium sativum L.) yield and quality as affected by different integrated fertilizer levels in Wachemo University, southern Ethiopia”
Claim · model-written summary
The same combination produced total bulb yield of 20.27 t/ha.
- Taxon
- GarlicAllium sativumt0
- Treatment
- 15 t/ha chicken manure with 150 kg/ha NPS fertilizere0
- Outcome
- total bulb yielde0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 20.27 t/hae0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“combined application of 15 t/ha chicken manure with 150 kg/ha NPS fertilizer produced the maximum marketable bulb (19.52 t/ha) and total bulb yield (20.27 t/ha)”
t0“Garlic (Allium sativum L.) yield and quality as affected by different integrated fertilizer levels in Wachemo University, southern Ethiopia”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined treatment yielded a 927% advantage over no fertilizer.
- Taxon
- GarlicAllium sativumt0
- Treatment
- different integrated fertilizer levelst0
- Outcome
- yield advantagee0
- Direction
- advantagee0
- Value
- 927%e0
- Comparator
- plants receiving no fertilizere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“with a 927% yield advantage over plants receiving no fertilizer”
t0“Garlic (Allium sativum L.) yield and quality as affected by different integrated fertilizer levels in Wachemo University, southern Ethiopia”
Claim · model-written summary
15 t/ha manure gave highest bulb dry matter of 35.31%.
- Taxon
- GarlicAllium sativumt0
- Treatment
- 15 t/ha chicken manuree0
- Outcome
- bulb dry mattere0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 35.31%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plots with 15 t/ha chicken manure had the highest bulb dry matter (35.31%) and TSS (22.47° Brix)”
t0“Garlic (Allium sativum L.) yield and quality as affected by different integrated fertilizer levels in Wachemo University, southern Ethiopia”
Claim · model-written summary
15 t/ha manure gave highest TSS of 22.47° Brix.
- Taxon
- GarlicAllium sativumt0
- Treatment
- 15 t/ha chicken manuree0
- Outcome
- TSSe0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 22.47° Brixe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plots with 15 t/ha chicken manure had the highest bulb dry matter (35.31%) and TSS (22.47° Brix)”
t0“Garlic (Allium sativum L.) yield and quality as affected by different integrated fertilizer levels in Wachemo University, southern Ethiopia”
Claim · model-written summary
The combined treatment had highest net benefit of 524224.8 ETB/ha.
- Taxon
- GarlicAllium sativumt0
- Treatment
- 15 t/ha of chicken manure and 150 kg/ha of NPS fertilizere0
- Outcome
- net benefite0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 524224.8 ETB/hae0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“15 t/ha of chicken manure and 150 kg/ha of NPS fertilizer had the highest net benefit (524224.8 ETB/ha) with an MRR of 10,159.1%”
t0“Garlic (Allium sativum L.) yield and quality as affected by different integrated fertilizer levels in Wachemo University, southern Ethiopia”
Claim · model-written summary
The combined treatment had an MRR of 10,159.1%.
- Taxon
- GarlicAllium sativumt0
- Outcome
- MRRe0
- Value
- 10,159.1%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“with an MRR of 10,159.1%”
t0“Garlic (Allium sativum L.) yield and quality as affected by different integrated fertilizer levels in Wachemo University, southern Ethiopia”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors recommend the combined treatment for smallholders.
- Taxon
- GarlicAllium sativumt0
- Outcome
- recommended to boost garlic production and productivitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“this combination was found to be the best and cost-effective one for smallholder farmers in the study area that could be recommended to boost garlic production and productivity”
t0“Garlic (Allium sativum L.) yield and quality as affected by different integrated fertilizer levels in Wachemo University, southern Ethiopia”
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