Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) is an ideal crop for marginal land improvement due to its well-developed root system and high water-use efficiency. ASR proteins serve as key nodes that integrate plant growth and development with stress responses, playing important roles in fruit ripening and stress tolerance, particularly drought and salt tolerance. However, functional studies on the ASR family genes in sorghum regarding salt stress tolerance remain relatively limited, and their underlying molecular mechanisms require further investigation. RATIONALE: To identify salt-responsive SbASR genes in sorghum, we analyzed the expression patterns of ASR family members under salt stress and water deficit. To elucidate its biological role in salt acclimation, we further cloned and func-tionally characterized SbASR4 through subcellular localization and transcriptional activity assays, protein stability as-sessment, heterologous expression in Arabidopsis, gene silencing in sorghum, transcriptional analysis of stress-re¬sponsive marker genes, and protein-protein interaction experiments. RESULTS: SbASR4 was significantly downregulated under salt stress and natural water deficit. SbASR4 localized to the nucleus and plasma membrane and underwent rapid degradation under salt stress. Overexpression of SbASR4 significantly exacerbated the sensitivity of Arabidopsis to salt stress, as evidenced by reduced germination rate, inhibited root elonga-tion, increased Na⁺ accumulation, and elevated H2O2 levels. In contrast, silencing SbASR4 in sorghum markedly enhanced plant salt tolerance. Under salt stress, SbASR4-silenced lines exhibited significant upregulation of SOS pathway-related genes, CAT, and SnRK1.1, along with notable changes in PP2C family gene expression. Protein-protein interaction ex-periments confirmed that SbASR4 interacts with SbSOS2. CONCLUSION: Collectively, SbASR4 negatively regulates plant salt tolerance, potentially through modulating the antioxidant system, ABA signaling pathway, and Na+ homeostasis. This study provides new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying salt tolerance in sorghum and identifies a potential genetic target for salt-tolerant sorghum breeding.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Overexpression of SbASR4 in Arabidopsis reduced germination rate under salt stress.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis
Arabidopsise3 - Treatment
- Overexpression of SbASR4e3
- Gene
- SbASR4t0
- Outcome
- germination ratee3
- Direction
- reducede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Functional Characterization of Sorghum SbASR4 in Salt Stress Response”
e3“Overexpression of SbASR4 significantly exacerbated the sensitivity of Arabidopsis to salt stress, as evidenced by reduced germination rate, inhibited root elonga-tion, increased Na⁺ accumulation, and elevated H2O2 levels”
Claim · model-written summary
Overexpression of SbASR4 in Arabidopsis inhibited root elongation under salt stress.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise3
- Treatment
- Overexpression of SbASR4e3
- Gene
- SbASR4t0
- Outcome
- root elonga-tione3
- Direction
- inhibitede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Functional Characterization of Sorghum SbASR4 in Salt Stress Response”
e3“Overexpression of SbASR4 significantly exacerbated the sensitivity of Arabidopsis to salt stress, as evidenced by reduced germination rate, inhibited root elonga-tion, increased Na⁺ accumulation, and elevated H2O2 levels”
Claim · model-written summary
Overexpression of SbASR4 in Arabidopsis increased Na⁺ accumulation under salt stress.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise3
- Treatment
- Overexpression of SbASR4e3
- Gene
- SbASR4t0
- Outcome
- Na⁺ accumulatione3
- Direction
- increasede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Functional Characterization of Sorghum SbASR4 in Salt Stress Response”
e3“Overexpression of SbASR4 significantly exacerbated the sensitivity of Arabidopsis to salt stress, as evidenced by reduced germination rate, inhibited root elonga-tion, increased Na⁺ accumulation, and elevated H2O2 levels”
Claim · model-written summary
Overexpression of SbASR4 in Arabidopsis elevated H2O2 levels under salt stress.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise3
- Treatment
- Overexpression of SbASR4e3
- Gene
- SbASR4t0
- Outcome
- H2O2 levelse3
- Direction
- elevatede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Functional Characterization of Sorghum SbASR4 in Salt Stress Response”
e3“Overexpression of SbASR4 significantly exacerbated the sensitivity of Arabidopsis to salt stress, as evidenced by reduced germination rate, inhibited root elonga-tion, increased Na⁺ accumulation, and elevated H2O2 levels”
Claim · model-written summary
Silencing SbASR4 in sorghum markedly enhanced plant salt tolerance.
SorghumNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Functional Characterization of Sorghum SbASR4 in Salt Stress Response”
e4“In contrast, silencing SbASR4 in sorghum markedly enhanced plant salt tolerance”
Claim · model-written summary
SbASR4 was significantly downregulated under salt stress and natural water deficit in sorghum.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Functional Characterization of Sorghum SbASR4 in Salt Stress Response”
e1“SbASR4 was significantly downregulated under salt stress and natural water deficit”
Claim · model-written summary
SbASR4 localized to the nucleus and plasma membrane in sorghum.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Functional Characterization of Sorghum SbASR4 in Salt Stress Response”
e2“SbASR4 localized to the nucleus and plasma membrane and underwent rapid degradation under salt stress”
Claim · model-written summary
SbASR4 undergoes rapid degradation under salt stress.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Functional Characterization of Sorghum SbASR4 in Salt Stress Response”
e2“SbASR4 localized to the nucleus and plasma membrane and underwent rapid degradation under salt stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Silenced SbASR4 lines showed significant upregulation of SOS pathway-related genes, CAT, and SnRK1.1 under salt stress.
- Treatment
- salt stresse5
- Gene
- SnRK1.1e5
- Outcome
- SOS pathway-related genes, CAT, and SnRK1.1e5
- Direction
- upregulatione5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Functional Characterization of Sorghum SbASR4 in Salt Stress Response”
e4“In contrast, silencing SbASR4 in sorghum markedly enhanced plant salt tolerance”
e5“Under salt stress, SbASR4-silenced lines exhibited significant upregulation of SOS pathway-related genes, CAT, and SnRK1.1”
Claim · model-written summary
PP2C family gene expression changed in SbASR4-silenced sorghum lines under salt stress.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Functional Characterization of Sorghum SbASR4 in Salt Stress Response”
e6“along with notable changes in PP2C family gene expression”
Claim · model-written summary
SbASR4 interacts with SbSOS2 in sorghum.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Functional Characterization of Sorghum SbASR4 in Salt Stress Response”
e7“Protein-protein interaction ex-periments confirmed that SbASR4 interacts with SbSOS2. CONCLUSION: Collectively, SbASR4 negatively regulates plant salt tolerance, potentially through modulating the antioxidant system, ABA signaling pathway, and Na+ homeostasis”
Claim · model-written summary
SbASR4 negatively regulates plant salt tolerance, potentially through the antioxidant system, ABA signaling pathway and Na⁺ homeostasis.
- Gene
- SbASR4e7
- Outcome
- plant salt tolerancee7
- Qualifier
- potentially through modulating the antioxidant system, ABA signaling pathway, and Na+ homeostasise7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Functional Characterization of Sorghum SbASR4 in Salt Stress Response”
e7“Protein-protein interaction ex-periments confirmed that SbASR4 interacts with SbSOS2. CONCLUSION: Collectively, SbASR4 negatively regulates plant salt tolerance, potentially through modulating the antioxidant system, ABA signaling pathway, and Na+ homeostasis”
The same questions in other papers
loss of function · tolerance: abiotic · SorghumPositive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.