Abstract
Drought is the major environmental factor damaging agriculture and plant development in susceptible areas. Rice is a major crop for food security and agricultural revenue, but the species is cultivated under flooded conditions, and the effects of water limitation on its root responses are still unclear. This work aimed to investigate water limitation impacts on rice’s root growth, aerenchyma development, anatomy of the cortical and vascular cylinder regions, and the capacity to produce ethylene from excised roots. Three rice genotypes (A502, Douradão, and Pampa) were grown under well-irrigated and water-stressed conditions for 50 days. At the end of the experiment, roots were sampled, and their growth parameters were analyzed. The cortical anatomy and vascular cylinder traits, along with the ethylene production of excised roots, were evaluated. Water stress reduced the root dry mass and the root: shoot ratio, and decreased the root tolerance index only from the Douradão genotype. Pampa and A502 showed higher root aerenchyma proportion compared to Douradão, and water stress increased the aerenchyma development only from A502 and Pampa genotypes. Excised roots from the Douradão genotype showed the highest ethylene production and Pampa the lowest, under drought. Cortical and vascular tissue structure from roots of rice genotypes indicates drought-tolerance traits. Higher aerenchyma development stands as an important tolerance trait and antagonizes ethylene production from excised rice roots.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Water stress reduced root dry mass and root:shoot ratio.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativat0 - Treatment
- Water stresse0
- Outcome
- root dry mass and the root: shoot ratioe0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Water stress reduced the root dry mass and the root: shoot ratio”
t0“Root cortical aerenchyma in rice improves organ-specific drought stress tolerance and antagonizes ethylene production”
e1“Water stress reduced the root dry mass and the root: shoot ratio”
Claim · model-written summary
Water stress decreased the root tolerance index only in Douradão.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- Douradãoe0
- Treatment
- Water stresse1
- Outcome
- root tolerance indexe0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“decreased the root tolerance index only from the Douradão genotype”
t0“Root cortical aerenchyma in rice improves organ-specific drought stress tolerance and antagonizes ethylene production”
e1“Water stress reduced the root dry mass and the root: shoot ratio”
Claim · model-written summary
Pampa and A502 had higher root aerenchyma proportion than Douradão.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- Pampa and A502e0
- Outcome
- root aerenchyma proportione0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- Douradãoe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pampa and A502 showed higher root aerenchyma proportion compared to Douradão”
t0“Root cortical aerenchyma in rice improves organ-specific drought stress tolerance and antagonizes ethylene production”
e1“Water stress reduced the root dry mass and the root: shoot ratio”
Claim · model-written summary
Water stress increased aerenchyma development in A502 and Pampa.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- A502 and Pampae0
- Treatment
- water stresse0
- Outcome
- aerenchyma developmente0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“water stress increased the aerenchyma development only from A502 and Pampa genotypes”
t0“Root cortical aerenchyma in rice improves organ-specific drought stress tolerance and antagonizes ethylene production”
e1“Water stress reduced the root dry mass and the root: shoot ratio”
Claim · model-written summary
Under drought, Douradão roots produced the most ethylene.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- Douradãoe0
- Treatment
- droughte0
- Outcome
- ethylene productione0
- Direction
- higheste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Excised roots from the Douradão genotype showed the highest ethylene production and Pampa the lowest, under drought”
t0“Root cortical aerenchyma in rice improves organ-specific drought stress tolerance and antagonizes ethylene production”
e1“Water stress reduced the root dry mass and the root: shoot ratio”
Claim · model-written summary
Under drought, Pampa roots produced the least ethylene.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- Pampae0
- Treatment
- droughte0
- Outcome
- ethylene productione0
- Direction
- loweste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Excised roots from the Douradão genotype showed the highest ethylene production and Pampa the lowest, under drought”
t0“Root cortical aerenchyma in rice improves organ-specific drought stress tolerance and antagonizes ethylene production”
e1“Water stress reduced the root dry mass and the root: shoot ratio”
Claim · model-written summary
Root cortical and vascular structure indicated drought tolerance traits.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Outcome
- drought-tolerance traitse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cortical and vascular tissue structure from roots of rice genotypes indicates drought-tolerance traits.”
t0“Root cortical aerenchyma in rice improves organ-specific drought stress tolerance and antagonizes ethylene production”
e1“Water stress reduced the root dry mass and the root: shoot ratio”
Claim · model-written summary
Greater aerenchyma development antagonized ethylene production from excised roots.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Organ / stage
- rootse0
- Outcome
- ethylene productione0
- Direction
- antagonizese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Higher aerenchyma development stands as an important tolerance trait and antagonizes ethylene production from excised rice roots.”
t0“Root cortical aerenchyma in rice improves organ-specific drought stress tolerance and antagonizes ethylene production”
e1“Water stress reduced the root dry mass and the root: shoot ratio”
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