Abstract
The gene coding for threonine deaminase (TD), the enzyme which catalyzes the first committed step in the biosynthesis of isoleucine, was isolated from tomato as a consequence of its unusual 500-fold upregulation in floral organs. It was subsequently shown that TD is induced in potato leaves in response to wounding, abscisic acid and methyl jasmonate (MeJa). Detailed analysis presented here, reveals an intricate developmental regulation pattern of gene expression in flowers that is operating solely in parenchyma territories. Yet, despite its high pre-existing expression level, TD in flowers can be further induced by MeJa. Induction of TD in flowers as well as in leaves is effective only in the parenchyma domains, irrespective of the prior expression levels. TD is neither expressed nor induced in epidermal, vascular or sporogenous tissues. Promoter analysis in transgenic tomato plants indicates that induction of TD follows identical kinetics in flowers and leaves. Furthermore, the 'conditioning' of developmental upregulation in flowers, the response to MeJa in flowers and leaves, and the parenchyma-specific expression are all mediated by the cis-elements within the proximal 192 bp of the promoter. Promoter elements regulating the correct organ-specific expression are located, however, further upstream. The promoter constructs used in this study can serve as useful tools for expressing extremely high levels of transgenes in specific cells. A scheme explaining tissue-specific response to MeJa, in conjunction with developmental control, is discussed.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Tomato TD expression showed a developmental pattern confined to parenchyma in flowers.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicume1 - Organ / stage
- flowerse0
- Gene
- gene expressione0
- Outcome
- developmental regulation pattern of gene expressione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Detailed analysis presented here, reveals an intricate developmental regulation pattern of gene expression in flowers that is operating solely in parenchyma territories.”
e1“isolated from tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Methyl jasmonate further induced TD in flowers despite high pre-existing expression.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Organ / stage
- flowerse0
- Treatment
- MeJae0
- Gene
- TDe0
- Outcome
- TD in flowerse0
- Direction
- inducede0
- Comparator
- high pre-existing expression levele0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“despite its high pre-existing expression level, TD in flowers can be further induced by MeJa”
e1“isolated from tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
TD induction in flowers and leaves occurred only in parenchyma domains.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Organ / stage
- parenchyma domainse0
- Gene
- TDe0
- Outcome
- Induction of TD in flowers as well as in leavese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Induction of TD in flowers as well as in leaves is effective only in the parenchyma domains”
e1“isolated from tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
TD was neither expressed nor induced in epidermal, vascular or sporogenous tissues.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Organ / stage
- epidermal, vascular or sporogenous tissuese0
- Gene
- TDe0
- Outcome
- neither expressed nor inducede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“TD is neither expressed nor induced in epidermal, vascular or sporogenous tissues.”
e1“isolated from tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
TD induction had identical kinetics in tomato flowers and leaves.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Organ / stage
- flowers and leavese0
- Gene
- TDe0
- Outcome
- identical kineticse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Promoter analysis in transgenic tomato plants indicates that induction of TD follows identical kinetics in flowers and leaves.”
Claim · model-written summary
Cis-elements in the proximal 192 bp of the promoter mediated developmental upregulation, MeJa response and parenchyma-specific expression.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Gene
- cis-elements within the proximal 192 bp of the promotere0
- Outcome
- developmental upregulation in flowers, the response to MeJa in flowers and leaves, and the parenchyma-specific expressione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the 'conditioning' of developmental upregulation in flowers, the response to MeJa in flowers and leaves, and the parenchyma-specific expression are all mediated by the cis-elements within the proximal 192 bp of the promoter”
e1“isolated from tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Promoter elements farther upstream regulated organ-specific expression.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Gene
- Promoter elementse0
- Outcome
- organ-specific expressione0
- Qualifier
- further upstreame0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Promoter elements regulating the correct organ-specific expression are located, however, further upstream.”
e1“isolated from tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
The promoter constructs were proposed as tools for high transgene expression in specific cells.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Outcome
- expressing extremely high levels of transgenes in specific cellse0
Not reportedValue
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The promoter constructs used in this study can serve as useful tools for expressing extremely high levels of transgenes in specific cells.”
e1“isolated from tomato”
The same questions in other papers
(-)-methyl jasmonate · phenology · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.