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“decrease in density”

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Taxon: maize ✕

Taxon groups are the verbatim names found in the abstracts (case-insensitive), not normalised: maize, corn and Zea mays are separate groups here. The Organism view merges them through NCBI Taxonomy.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The mitochondrial pool decrease affected low- and intermediate-density mitochondria.

Taxon: maizeZea mayse1
Treatment: glucose-starvede1
Outcome: low- and intermediate-density mitochondriae0
Direction: decreasee0
Comparator: higher-density mitochondriae0

Verbatim

e0
“this decrease affected low- and intermediate-density mitochondria, but not higher-density mitochondria”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1358–1460

e1
“preparations from glucose-starved maize root tips”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1131–1180

Title

Effects of Glucose Starvation on Mitochondrial Subpopulations in the Meristematic and Submeristematic Regions of Maize Root

Ivan Couée; Murielle Jan; Jean-Pierre Carde; et al. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 1992. doi:10.1104/pp.100.4.1891

Other claims from this paper (10)

Observation Maize root-tip mitochondria were heterogeneous on Percoll density gradients.
Observation The mitochondrial ultrastructure was consistent with different maturation stages during cell development.
Observation Higher-density mitochondria had many cristae and a dense matrix.
Observation Higher-density mitochondria had classic respiratory properties but low ADP/O ratios.
Observation Lower-density mitochondria had few cristae and a clear matrix.
Observation Lower-density mitochondria respired slowly with weak respiratory control.
Intervention effect Higher-density mitochondria retained ultrastructure and most respiratory properties during glucose starvation.
Intervention effect Lower- and intermediate-density mitochondria were absent after glucose starvation.
Intervention effect Total mitochondrial protein per root tip decreased during glucose starvation.
Observation A significant functional mitochondrial pool remained in maize root tips during early glucose starvation.

Mechanismauthor interpretationoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Higher interspecies interaction intensity can decrease evaporation by increasing root length density of the intercropped crops

Taxon: maizeZea mayse0
Outcome: evaporatione7
Qualifier: by increasing the root length density of intercropping cropse7

Verbatim

e0
“wheat ( Triticum aestivum )–maize ( Zea mays ) intercropping system”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 278–345

e7
“Increasing interspecies interaction intensity can decrease evaporation by increasing the root length density of intercropping crops”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1483–1614

Title

Interspecies interaction intensity influences water consumption in wheat–maize intercropping by regulating root length density

Yifan Wang; Wen Yin; Falong Hu; et al. Crop Science 2021. doi:10.1002/csc2.20639

Other claims from this paper (8)

Intervention effect Complete belowground interaction reduced evaporation during co-growth and independent maize growth, and so did increased maize plant density
Intervention effect Intercropped wheat inhibited maize root length density during the co-growth period
Intervention effect Maize root length density in W/M was 14% higher than in NW/M in 2014
Intervention effect Maize root length density in W/M was 45% higher than in NW/M in 2015
Intervention effect Maize root length density in W/M was 26% higher than in PW/M in 2014
Intervention effect Maize root length density in W/M was 119% higher than in PW/M in 2015
Association Evaporation and root length density of maize are negatively correlated
Intervention effect Grain yield of wheat was increased by the W/M2 treatment

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Supraoptimal density decreased root numbers at upper levels.

Taxon: MaizeZea mayst0
Treatment: supraoptimal plant densitye0
Outcome: root numberse0
Direction: decreasee0
Qualifier: at upper internode and node levelse0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“A supraoptimal plant density caused an increase in lengths and a decrease in root numbers at upper internode and node levels.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 589–714

t0
“Maize”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 19–24

Title

Root Morphology of Maize and Its Relationship to Root Lodging

P. Stamp; C. Kiel Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science 1992. doi:10.1111/j.1439-037x.1992.tb00987.x

Other claims from this paper (10)

Observation Crown root counts peaked at the fifth and sixth nodes.
Observation Aboveground internodes 8–10 had maximum length.
Observation After a cool wet year, peak internode length and roots per node occurred at higher tiers.
Intervention effect Supraoptimal density increased internode lengths at upper levels.
Observation Root diameter increased from lower to upper nodes.
Observation Late metaxylem vessel counts rose strongly at upper nodes.
Observation Metaxylem vessel diameters increased strongly at lower node tiers.
Association Internode 6 and 8 length correlated positively with lodging in about 25% of cases in a warm year at normal density.
Association Node 6 metaxylem vessel count correlated negatively with lodging in over 20% of cases.
Observation Environmental dependence lessened the selection value of morphological and histological traits for lodging.

Associationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

LR density began to decrease when shoot N content exceeded about 1.5 and nitrate content exceeded 0.16 mol/kg.

Taxon: maizeZea mayst0
Organ / stage: shoote7
Outcome: LR densitiese7
Direction: began to decreasee7
Value: about 1.5e7
Qualifier: NO(-)(3) exceed 0.16 mol/kge7

Verbatim

e7
“when the shoot N content exceed about 1.5 and NO(-)(3) exceed 0.16 mol/kg, LR densities began to decrease”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1326–1431

t0
“lateral root growth in maize plants”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 26–61

Title

[Effect of NO3- supply on lateral root growth in maize plants].

Ya-Fen Guo; Guo-Hua Mi; Fan-Jun Chen; et al. PubMed 2005

Other claims from this paper (14)

Intervention effect Increasing nitrate from 0.01 to 1.0 mmol/L significantly increased lateral root length and root biomass.
Intervention effect In Wu312, lateral root density changed little with nitrate increase up to 5x10(-3) mol/L.
Intervention effect In 478, lateral root density changed little with nitrate increase up to 10x10(-3) mol/L.
Intervention effect Lateral root density decreased significantly with increasing nitrate beyond the threshold levels.
Intervention effect The inhibitory effect of high nitrate on root growth was weaker in 478 than in Wu312.
Intervention effect Lateral root growth in Wu312 was completely inhibited by nitrate at 10x10(-3) mol/L.
Intervention effect Lateral root density of 478 could reach 30% of its maximum (axial) even at 20x10(-3) mol/L nitrate.
Intervention effect Lateral root density of 478 could reach 50% of its maximum (radicle) even at 20x10(-3) mol/L nitrate.
Association Shoot total N and shoot nitrate content increased with increasing nitrate level.
Association Shoot/root ratio followed an exponential decay function.
Association LR density followed a Gaussian function of shoot nitrogen and nitrate.
Association LR length followed a parabolic function of shoot nitrogen and nitrate.
Association Shoot/root ratio increased rapidly when shoot N content exceeded about 1.6 mol/kg and nitrate content exceeded 0.22 mol/kg.
Association LR length began to decrease when shoot N content reached about 1 mol/kg and nitrate content reached 0.10 mol/kg.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Density above 60,000 plants per hectare decreased grain starch content.

Taxon: maizeZea mayst0
Treatment: increasing plant density above 60,000 plants /hae0
Outcome: starch contente0
Direction: decreasee0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“increasing plant density above 60,000 plants /ha led to decrease in starch content”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 627–709

t0
“Grain Quality of Maize”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–22

Title

Grain Quality of Maize Cultivar Giza 168 as Affected by Levels of Irrigation, Sowing Date, Plant Density and Macronutrients

Ola E. Zakaria; Mohamed M. El-Rouby; Mona M. Hemeid Alexandria Science Exchange Journal 2020. doi:10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2020.127606

Other claims from this paper (6)

Intervention effect Early May sowing increased grain starch and oil contents.
Association Greater density increased oil yield through increased grain yield.
Intervention effect Nitrogen fertilization increased grain oil and starch contents up to 258 kg N/ha.
Intervention effect Potassium fertilization increased grain oil and starch contents up to 136 kg K2O/ha.
Association Increasing studied factors other than phosphorus increased total sugars.
Association Phosphorus above 50 kg P2O5 per hectare had a negative relationship with total sugars.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Under full irrigation, B1 significantly decreased root length density in year 2.

Taxon: MaizeZea mayst0
Treatment: B1e0
Outcome: root length densitye0
Direction: decreasee0
Qualifier: year 2e0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“under full irrigation was less clear, with significant decrease in root length density for B1 and B2 in year 2”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1697–1807

t0
“Maize”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 98–103

Title

New Rootsnap Sensor Reveals the Ameliorating Effect of Biochar on In Situ Root Growth Dynamics of Maize in Sandy Soil

Fauziatu Ahmed; Emmanuel Arthur; Hui Liu; et al. Frontiers in Plant Science 2020. doi:10.3389/fpls.2020.00949

Other claims from this paper (6)

Intervention effect At 50 cm, first roots arrived 9 days earlier with B3 than B0, averaging 47 days after planting.
Mechanism Biochar may reduce subsoil mechanical impedance and speed root access to deep layers.
Method / resource Rootsnap and scanning root length density estimates had a regression r2 of 0.50.
Intervention effect Under drought, maize root diameter was reduced at 50-70 cm in the first year.
Intervention effect Under drought, maize root length density increased at 50-70 cm in the second year.
Intervention effect Under full irrigation, B2 significantly decreased root length density in year 2.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Under full irrigation, B2 significantly decreased root length density in year 2.

Taxon: MaizeZea mayst0
Treatment: B2e0
Outcome: root length densitye0
Direction: decreasee0
Qualifier: year 2e0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“under full irrigation was less clear, with significant decrease in root length density for B1 and B2 in year 2”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1697–1807

t0
“Maize”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 98–103

Title

New Rootsnap Sensor Reveals the Ameliorating Effect of Biochar on In Situ Root Growth Dynamics of Maize in Sandy Soil

Fauziatu Ahmed; Emmanuel Arthur; Hui Liu; et al. Frontiers in Plant Science 2020. doi:10.3389/fpls.2020.00949

Other claims from this paper (6)

Intervention effect At 50 cm, first roots arrived 9 days earlier with B3 than B0, averaging 47 days after planting.
Mechanism Biochar may reduce subsoil mechanical impedance and speed root access to deep layers.
Method / resource Rootsnap and scanning root length density estimates had a regression r2 of 0.50.
Intervention effect Under drought, maize root diameter was reduced at 50-70 cm in the first year.
Intervention effect Under drought, maize root length density increased at 50-70 cm in the second year.
Intervention effect Under full irrigation, B1 significantly decreased root length density in year 2.

Observationobservedreview summarybasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

A drop in photon flux density produces a lag in maize photosynthetic carbon assimilation.

Taxon: maizeZea mayse0
Treatment: decrease in PFDe0
Outcome: lag in photosynthetic carbon assimilatione0

Verbatim

e0
“The lag in photosynthetic carbon assimilation in maize that follows a decrease in PFD has been analysed”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 860–963

Title

Analysis of the control of photosynthesis in C4 plants by changes in light and carbon dioxide

R. C. Leegood; M. D. Adcock; H. D. Doncaster Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences 1989. doi:10.1098/rstb.1989.0015

Other claims from this paper (3)

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Excessively high or low density decreased leaf SOD and CAT activities.

Taxon: maizeZea mayse0
Treatment: too high or too low densitye0
Outcome: SOD (superoxide dismutase) and CAT (catalase) activitiese0
Direction: decreasee0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“too high or too low density will accelerate the aging of maize leaves, which is manifested by the increase in MDA (malondialdehyde) content and the decrease in SOD (superoxide dismutase) and CAT (catalase) activities.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1300–1517

Title

Planting Strategy Optimization Can Increase Maize Yield by Delaying Leaf Senescence and Improving Photosynthetic Capacity

Li Zhao; Xinrong Duan; Xinping Zhang; et al. Agronomy 2025. doi:10.3390/agronomy15051099

Other claims from this paper (15)

Association Maize leaf net photosynthetic rate decreased as planting density increased.
Association Maize leaf transpiration rate increased as planting density increased.
Intervention effect Excessively high or low density increased leaf MDA content.
Intervention effect The 40 + 80 cm spacing improved light energy utilization efficiency.
Intervention effect The 40 + 80 cm spacing slowed maize leaf aging.
Intervention effect The 40 + 80 cm spacing promoted maize growth, development and yield.
Association The interaction between the planting factors significantly affected corn yield.
Intervention effect A density of 67,500 plants/hm2 with 40 + 80 cm spacing significantly increased corn yield.
Observation This combination yielded the highest net photosynthesis of 24.33 µmol·m−2·s−1.
Observation This combination yielded the highest SOD activity of 32.54 U·mg−1.
Observation This combination yielded the highest CAT activity of 1038.99 U·g−1.
Observation This combination gave the lowest transpiration rate of 3.47 mmo·m−2·s−1.
Observation This combination gave the lowest MDA content of 108.95 µmo·L−1.
Observation This combination gave the highest maize yield of 13,916.46 kg/hm2.
Recommendation The authors recommend 67,500 plants/hm2 with 40 + 80 cm spacing for maize planting in Shanxi Province.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Higher amitrole concentrations rapidly reduced starch inclusion volume density in BSC chloroplasts.

Taxon: MaizeZea mayst0
Organ / stage: BSC chloroplastse1
Treatment: higher concentrations of AMe0
Outcome: volume density of starch inclusionse0
Direction: decreasee0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“rapid decrease in the volume density of starch inclusions was found in plants treated with higher concentrations of AM”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1084–1202

e1
“As regards BSC chloroplasts”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1055–1082

t0
“Maize (Zea mays L.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 102–121

Title

The Ultrastructure of Chloroplasts, Content of Photosynthetic Pigments, and Photochemical Activity of Maize (Zea mays L.) as Influenced by Different Concentrations of the Herbicide Amitrole

R. Pechová; J. Kutík; D. Holá; et al. Photosynthetica 2003. doi:10.1023/a:1025841313902

Other claims from this paper (10)

Intervention effect Low amitrole left photosynthetic pigment content similar to controls.
Intervention effect Low amitrole caused no observed damage to MC or BSC chloroplast ultrastructure.
Intervention effect Higher amitrole concentrations significantly reduced carotenoid content, especially xanthophylls.
Intervention effect Higher amitrole concentrations were followed by photooxidative chlorophyll destruction.
Intervention effect Higher amitrole concentrations altered chloroplast ultrastructure.
Observation MC chloroplasts appeared more sensitive than BSC chloroplasts to amitrole damage.
Intervention effect Increasing amitrole significantly reduced granal and intergranal thylakoids in MC chloroplasts.
Intervention effect At 120 μM amitrole, both chloroplast types retained only a few strongly altered thylakoid membranes.
Association MC chloroplast ultrastructural changes accompanied changes in photochemical activity.
Observation Chloroplast protrusions occurred in both amitrole treated and control plants.

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