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Effects of Split Application of Fertilizaer and Planting Density on Yield, Components of Yield, and Other Agronomic Characters of Rice (III) 3

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Higher nitrogen dosages at the first two top dressings reduced grain yield.

Taxon: riceOryza sativat0
Treatment: Higher dosages of nitrogen applied at the first top-and second top-dressingse0
Outcome: grain yielde0
Direction: decreasee0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“Higher dosages of nitrogen applied at the first top-and second top-dressings resulted in the decrease of grain yield, severe occurrence of neck blast disease and lodging”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1025–1194

t0
“Rice”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 130–134

Title

Effects of Split Application of Fertilizaer and Planting Density on Yield, Components of Yield, and Other Agronomic Characters of Rice (III)

W. L. Chang; S. C. Yang 中華農業研究 1964. doi:10.29951/jarc.196412.0001

Other claims from this paper (19)

Intervention effect Split fertilization raised grain yield relative to conventional application.
Intervention effect Split fertilization increased panicle number.
Intervention effect Split fertilization increased grain number.
Intervention effect Split phosphoric fertilizer had no evident response in grain yield or other measured traits.
Intervention effect Four nitrogen splits at 3: 3: 3: 1 gave the highest grain yield.
Intervention effect Higher nitrogen dosages at the first two top dressings increased neck blast disease.
Intervention effect Higher nitrogen dosages at the first two top dressings increased lodging.
Intervention effect The potassium split ratio 6:4 gave better grain yield than 6.7: 3.3.
Intervention effect Higher planting density raised yield relative to lower density.
Intervention effect Higher planting density increased panicles per unit area.
Intervention effect Split fertilization reduced tillering and culm length early in growth.
Intervention effect Split fertilization gave greater tillering and culm length at maturity.
Intervention effect Split fertilization produced heavier and longer panicles.
Intervention effect High planting density reduced tillers, plant height, panicle weight and panicle length.
Intervention effect Split fertilization increased neck blast disease occurrence.
Intervention effect Neck blast disease reduced grain weight.
Intervention effect Split fertilization increased internode length, particularly the third and fifth internodes.
Intervention effect Planting density did not affect rice blast occurrence.
Intervention effect High planting density tended to increase lodging.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Higher nitrogen dosages at the first two top dressings increased lodging.

Taxon: riceOryza sativat0
Treatment: Higher dosages of nitrogen applied at the first top-and second top-dressingse0
Outcome: lodginge0

Not reportedComparatorDirection

Verbatim

e0
“Higher dosages of nitrogen applied at the first top-and second top-dressings resulted in the decrease of grain yield, severe occurrence of neck blast disease and lodging”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1025–1194

t0
“Rice”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 130–134

Title

Effects of Split Application of Fertilizaer and Planting Density on Yield, Components of Yield, and Other Agronomic Characters of Rice (III)

W. L. Chang; S. C. Yang 中華農業研究 1964. doi:10.29951/jarc.196412.0001

Other claims from this paper (19)

Intervention effect Split fertilization raised grain yield relative to conventional application.
Intervention effect Split fertilization increased panicle number.
Intervention effect Split fertilization increased grain number.
Intervention effect Split phosphoric fertilizer had no evident response in grain yield or other measured traits.
Intervention effect Four nitrogen splits at 3: 3: 3: 1 gave the highest grain yield.
Intervention effect Higher nitrogen dosages at the first two top dressings reduced grain yield.
Intervention effect Higher nitrogen dosages at the first two top dressings increased neck blast disease.
Intervention effect The potassium split ratio 6:4 gave better grain yield than 6.7: 3.3.
Intervention effect Higher planting density raised yield relative to lower density.
Intervention effect Higher planting density increased panicles per unit area.
Intervention effect Split fertilization reduced tillering and culm length early in growth.
Intervention effect Split fertilization gave greater tillering and culm length at maturity.
Intervention effect Split fertilization produced heavier and longer panicles.
Intervention effect High planting density reduced tillers, plant height, panicle weight and panicle length.
Intervention effect Split fertilization increased neck blast disease occurrence.
Intervention effect Neck blast disease reduced grain weight.
Intervention effect Split fertilization increased internode length, particularly the third and fifth internodes.
Intervention effect Planting density did not affect rice blast occurrence.
Intervention effect High planting density tended to increase lodging.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Higher nitrogen dosages at the first two top dressings increased neck blast disease.

Taxon: riceOryza sativat0
Treatment: Higher dosages of nitrogen applied at the first top-and second top-dressingse0
Outcome: occurrence of neck blast diseasee0
Direction: severee0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“Higher dosages of nitrogen applied at the first top-and second top-dressings resulted in the decrease of grain yield, severe occurrence of neck blast disease and lodging”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1025–1194

t0
“Rice”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 130–134

Title

Effects of Split Application of Fertilizaer and Planting Density on Yield, Components of Yield, and Other Agronomic Characters of Rice (III)

W. L. Chang; S. C. Yang 中華農業研究 1964. doi:10.29951/jarc.196412.0001

Other claims from this paper (19)

Intervention effect Split fertilization raised grain yield relative to conventional application.
Intervention effect Split fertilization increased panicle number.
Intervention effect Split fertilization increased grain number.
Intervention effect Split phosphoric fertilizer had no evident response in grain yield or other measured traits.
Intervention effect Four nitrogen splits at 3: 3: 3: 1 gave the highest grain yield.
Intervention effect Higher nitrogen dosages at the first two top dressings reduced grain yield.
Intervention effect Higher nitrogen dosages at the first two top dressings increased lodging.
Intervention effect The potassium split ratio 6:4 gave better grain yield than 6.7: 3.3.
Intervention effect Higher planting density raised yield relative to lower density.
Intervention effect Higher planting density increased panicles per unit area.
Intervention effect Split fertilization reduced tillering and culm length early in growth.
Intervention effect Split fertilization gave greater tillering and culm length at maturity.
Intervention effect Split fertilization produced heavier and longer panicles.
Intervention effect High planting density reduced tillers, plant height, panicle weight and panicle length.
Intervention effect Split fertilization increased neck blast disease occurrence.
Intervention effect Neck blast disease reduced grain weight.
Intervention effect Split fertilization increased internode length, particularly the third and fifth internodes.
Intervention effect Planting density did not affect rice blast occurrence.
Intervention effect High planting density tended to increase lodging.

Effect of Depth of Tillage on Yield of Upland Paddy and on Associated Weeds 2

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Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Ploughing to 21 and 28 cm significantly decreased soil bulk density.

Taxon: Upland Paddyt0
Treatment: 21 and 28 cm. ploughinge0
Outcome: bulk densitye0
Direction: decreasee0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

t0
“Upland Paddy”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 39–51

e0
“A significant decrease in bulk density was observed with the 21 and 28 cm. ploughing, negatively correlated with dry matter of crop roots and yield of grain”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 183–339

Title

Effect of Depth of Tillage on Yield of Upland Paddy and on Associated Weeds

H. K. Pande; V. M. Bhan Experimental Agriculture 1966. doi:10.1017/s0014479700026752

Other claims from this paper (6)

Association Bulk density was negatively correlated with dry matter of crop roots and grain yield.
Intervention effect Tillage to 28 cm significantly reduced weed population and dry matter compared with tillage at 7 and 14 cm.
Association There were significant relations between weed dry matter and grain yield.
Intervention effect Crop roots under tractor tillage were significantly greater than with 7 cm tillage.
Intervention effect Grain yield was maximum under 28 cm tillage, followed by 21, 14 and 7 cm tillage in that order.
Association Higher grain yields were associated with more fertile tillers per metre of row and higher yields per tiller.

Associationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Bulk density was negatively correlated with dry matter of crop roots and grain yield.

Taxon: Upland Paddyt0
Outcome: dry matter of crop roots and yield of graine0
Direction: negatively correlatede0
Comparator: bulk densitye0

Verbatim

t0
“Upland Paddy”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 39–51

e0
“A significant decrease in bulk density was observed with the 21 and 28 cm. ploughing, negatively correlated with dry matter of crop roots and yield of grain”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 183–339

Title

Effect of Depth of Tillage on Yield of Upland Paddy and on Associated Weeds

H. K. Pande; V. M. Bhan Experimental Agriculture 1966. doi:10.1017/s0014479700026752

Other claims from this paper (6)

Intervention effect Ploughing to 21 and 28 cm significantly decreased soil bulk density.
Intervention effect Tillage to 28 cm significantly reduced weed population and dry matter compared with tillage at 7 and 14 cm.
Association There were significant relations between weed dry matter and grain yield.
Intervention effect Crop roots under tractor tillage were significantly greater than with 7 cm tillage.
Intervention effect Grain yield was maximum under 28 cm tillage, followed by 21, 14 and 7 cm tillage in that order.
Association Higher grain yields were associated with more fertile tillers per metre of row and higher yields per tiller.

Studies of Direct-sowing Rice Culture by Broadcasting of Seed on submerged Paddy Field : IV. Relationship of seeding density to plant growth and rice yield 2

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Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Tillers in dense plots decreased markedly after peak tillering.

Taxon: RiceOryza sativat0
Outcome: number of tillerse0
Direction: decreasee0

Verbatim

e0
“after that stage, the former showed a marked decrease in the number of tillers.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 913–992

t0
“Rice”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 25–29

Title

Studies of Direct-sowing Rice Culture by Broadcasting of Seed on submerged Paddy Field : IV. Relationship of seeding density to plant growth and rice yield

Seiichi AKAMATSU Japanese Journal of Crop Science 1966. doi:10.1626/jcs.35.131

Other claims from this paper (10)

Intervention effect Dense sowing gave higher rice culm height early than sparse sowing.
Intervention effect The early culm height ranking reversed later.
Intervention effect Dense sowing increased tillers per unit area at peak tillering.
Observation At harvest, 90-hill plots had the greatest panicle number, 502 per square meter.
Observation At harvest, 30-hill plots had the smallest panicle number, 304.
Observation More densely sown plots had about 405 panicles, lower than the 90-hill plot.
Intervention effect Rice yield was highest in the 90-hill plot.
Intervention effect Rice yield above 120 hills was lower than in the 90-hill plot.
Mechanism The authors attributed lower dense-plot yield to inadequate customary fertilizer in later growth.
Recommendation Improved split fertilizer application may make dense-plot rice yield more favorable.

Observationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

More densely sown plots had about 405 panicles, lower than the 90-hill plot.

Taxon: RiceOryza sativat0
Treatment: plot sown more denselye0
Outcome: paniclese0
Direction: decreasee0
Value: about 405 paniclese0

Verbatim

e0
“that in the plot sown more densely showed a decrease to about 405 panicles.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1173–1248

t0
“Rice”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 25–29

Title

Studies of Direct-sowing Rice Culture by Broadcasting of Seed on submerged Paddy Field : IV. Relationship of seeding density to plant growth and rice yield

Seiichi AKAMATSU Japanese Journal of Crop Science 1966. doi:10.1626/jcs.35.131

Other claims from this paper (10)

Intervention effect Dense sowing gave higher rice culm height early than sparse sowing.
Intervention effect The early culm height ranking reversed later.
Intervention effect Dense sowing increased tillers per unit area at peak tillering.
Observation Tillers in dense plots decreased markedly after peak tillering.
Observation At harvest, 90-hill plots had the greatest panicle number, 502 per square meter.
Observation At harvest, 30-hill plots had the smallest panicle number, 304.
Intervention effect Rice yield was highest in the 90-hill plot.
Intervention effect Rice yield above 120 hills was lower than in the 90-hill plot.
Mechanism The authors attributed lower dense-plot yield to inadequate customary fertilizer in later growth.
Recommendation Improved split fertilizer application may make dense-plot rice yield more favorable.

Studies on the Short Period Cultivation of Direct Sown Rice Plant : 2. Productivity of direct sown rice plant under short period cultivation in different seasons. 2

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Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Higher seed density slightly decreased productivity under water-logged direct sowing.

Taxon: rice plantOryza sativat0
Treatment: Increase of the seeding densitye0
Outcome: productivitye0
Direction: decreasee0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“Increase of the seeding density and amount of nitrogen fertilizer resulted in a little increase in productivity in the case of direct sowing under upland condition while in a slight decrease in the case of direct sowing under water-logged condition”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 454–702

t0
“Studies on the Short Period Cultivation of Direct Sown Rice Plant : 2. Productivity of direct sown rice plant under short period cultivation in different seasons.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–162

Title

Studies on the Short Period Cultivation of Direct Sown Rice Plant : 2. Productivity of direct sown rice plant under short period cultivation in different seasons.

Yoshiyuki KOMATSU; Norimitsu ISHIKURA; Isamu KAWASAKI Japanese Journal of Crop Science 1965. doi:10.1626/jcs.33.209

Other claims from this paper (7)

Observation Only early grown upland rice showed potential for increased productivity.
Intervention effect Increasing seed density slightly increased productivity under upland direct sowing.
Intervention effect Increasing nitrogen fertilizer slightly increased productivity under upland direct sowing.
Intervention effect Higher nitrogen fertilizer slightly decreased productivity under water-logged direct sowing.
Observation Late-sown Eiko yielded 34.6 kg/a of brown rice at 600 grains per m2.
Recommendation Late rice cultivation should prevent cool-weather damage by heading within a set time limit.
Recommendation Increasing main-stem panicles per area should help increase yield in late rice cultivation.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Higher nitrogen fertilizer slightly decreased productivity under water-logged direct sowing.

Taxon: rice plantOryza sativat0
Treatment: amount of nitrogen fertilizere0
Outcome: productivitye0
Direction: decreasee0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“Increase of the seeding density and amount of nitrogen fertilizer resulted in a little increase in productivity in the case of direct sowing under upland condition while in a slight decrease in the case of direct sowing under water-logged condition”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 454–702

t0
“Studies on the Short Period Cultivation of Direct Sown Rice Plant : 2. Productivity of direct sown rice plant under short period cultivation in different seasons.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–162

Title

Studies on the Short Period Cultivation of Direct Sown Rice Plant : 2. Productivity of direct sown rice plant under short period cultivation in different seasons.

Yoshiyuki KOMATSU; Norimitsu ISHIKURA; Isamu KAWASAKI Japanese Journal of Crop Science 1965. doi:10.1626/jcs.33.209

Other claims from this paper (7)

Observation Only early grown upland rice showed potential for increased productivity.
Intervention effect Increasing seed density slightly increased productivity under upland direct sowing.
Intervention effect Increasing nitrogen fertilizer slightly increased productivity under upland direct sowing.
Intervention effect Higher seed density slightly decreased productivity under water-logged direct sowing.
Observation Late-sown Eiko yielded 34.6 kg/a of brown rice at 600 grains per m2.
Recommendation Late rice cultivation should prevent cool-weather damage by heading within a set time limit.
Recommendation Increasing main-stem panicles per area should help increase yield in late rice cultivation.

Limitations for finding a linear relationship between chlorophyll content and photosynthetic activity 1

Show all 1 →

Associationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Seasonal irradiation changes coincided with declining unit chlorophyll activity in all leaves.

Taxon: fodder cabbage and sugar beete1
Organ / stage: leavese0
Outcome: unit chlorophyll activitye0
Direction: decreasee0
Qualifier: density and length of irradiatione0
Setting: spring seasone0

Verbatim

e0
“Changes in the density and length of irradiation with the proceeding spring season are reflected in the decrease of unit chlorophyll activity in all leaves of the plant.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 311–480

e1
“In experiments with fodder cabbage and sugar beet the influences were tested which restrict the finding of a uniform linear dependence between the chlorophyll content and photosynthetic rate.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–191

Title

Limitations for finding a linear relationship between chlorophyll content and photosynthetic activity

Zdeněk Šesták Biologia Plantarum 1966. doi:10.1007/bf02930670

Other claims from this paper (6)

THE CAMBIUM AND SEASONAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE PHLOEM IN ROBINIA PSEUDOACACIA 1

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Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Cambial reactivation follows reduced protoplast density and cell wall thickening, without cell enlargement.

Taxon: ROBINIA PSEUDOACACIARobinia pseudoacaciat0
Organ / stage: cambial celle0
Outcome: Cambial reactivation (division)e0
Qualifier: a decrease in density of cambial cell protoplasts and cell wall thickening but not by cell enlargemente0

Verbatim

e0
“Cambial reactivation (division) is preceded by a decrease in density of cambial cell protoplasts and cell wall thickening but not by cell enlargement.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 78–228

t0
“ROBINIA PSEUDOACACIA”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 54–74

Title

THE CAMBIUM AND SEASONAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE PHLOEM IN ROBINIA PSEUDOACACIA

William F. Derr; Ray F. Evert American Journal of Botany 1967. doi:10.1002/j.1537-2197.1967.tb06903.x

Other claims from this paper (12)

Studies on structure in plant communities. V. Pattern in Atriplex vesicaria communities in South-Eastern Australia 1

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Associationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Drought stress apparently decreased saltbush stocking density at one site.

Taxon: A. vesicariaAtriplex vesicariae0
Treatment: drought stresse0
Outcome: stocking densitye0
Direction: decreasee0

Verbatim

e0
“drought stress had brought about an apparent decrease in the stocking density of A. vesicaria”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 874–967

Title

Studies on structure in plant communities. V. Pattern in Atriplex vesicaria communities in South-Eastern Australia

DJ Anderson Australian Journal of Botany 1967. doi:10.1071/bt9670451

Other claims from this paper (6)

Observation Pattern scales and intensities varied considerably between sites.
Observation Every sampled site had contagion at two or more scales.
Observation No sampled site showed uniform distribution.
Mechanism The two main spatial scales were attributed to gregariousness and soil patchiness or gilgai relief.
Association The drought-associated density reduction accompanied lower pattern intensity.
Observation The original spatial scales persisted in the residual population.

Leaf Diffusion Resistance, Illuminance, and Transpiration 1

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Observationobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Minimum leaf diffusion resistance values were the same for the upper and lower epidermis when stomatal density was adequate.

Taxon: 8 plant speciese1
Organ / stage: the upper and the lower epidermise2
Outcome: minimum R(L) valuese2
Qualifier: provided that stomatal density was adequatee2
Comparator: the lower epidermise2

Verbatim

e1
“Stepwise increases in fluorescent illuminance, imposed as a single variable in a controlled environment, induced progressive stomatal opening in 8 plant species, as evidenced by a consistent decrease in leaf diffusion resistance (R(L)), ranging from 15 to 70 sec cm(-1) in darkness to about 1 sec cm(-1) at approximately 40 kilolux”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–331

e2
“The minimum R(L) values were the same for the upper and the lower epidermis, provided that stomatal density was adequate”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 333–453

Title

Leaf Diffusion Resistance, Illuminance, and Transpiration

W. L. Ehrler; C. H. M. van Bavel PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 1968. doi:10.1104/pp.43.2.208

Other claims from this paper (4)

The aetiology and development of damage in young fruit trees infested with fruit tree red spider mite, Panonychus ulmi (Koch) 1

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Observationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Some lightly infested plants had less dry weight because photosynthesis declined later in the season.

Taxon: fruit treest0
Interactor: mitese0pest
Outcome: dry weighte0
Direction: lesse0
Qualifier: because of decreased photosynthesis later in the seasone0

Verbatim

e0
“Some plants were infested with too low a density of mites to decrease shoot extension, but grew less in dry weight because of decreased photosynthesis later in the season.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 999–1170

t0
“fruit trees infested with fruit tree red spider mite, Panonychus ulmi”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 49–118

Title

The aetiology and development of damage in young fruit trees infested with fruit tree red spider mite, Panonychus ulmi (Koch)

D. J. AVERY; J. B. BRIGGS Annals of Applied Biology 1968. doi:10.1111/j.1744-7348.1968.tb04532.x

Other claims from this paper (12)

Influence of parental density on the distribution pattern of eggs in the common cabbage butterfly, Pieris rapae crucivora 1

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Associationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The degree of aggregation of eggs, expressed as 1/k, tends to decrease as egg or parental density increases.

Taxon: cabbage plantsBrassica oleracea var. capitatae1
Treatment: parental densitye3
Interactor: Pieris rapae crucivoraPieris rapae crucivorae0herbivore
Outcome: degree of aggregation expressed as the reciprocal of the parametere3
Direction: tends to decreasee3
Setting: net housee1

Verbatim

e0
“in the common cabbage butterfly, Pieris rapae crucivora”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 102–157

e1
“the countings of egg number per plant were made on both cabbage plants cultivated in the farm and planted in the net house”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 160–282

e3
“the degree of aggregation expressed as the reciprocal of the parameter, 1/ k , tends to decrease as the egg or parental density increases”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 483–620

Title

Influence of parental density on the distribution pattern of eggs in the common cabbage butterfly, Pieris rapae crucivora

Shiro Kobayashi Population Ecology 1965. doi:10.1007/bf02518794

Other claims from this paper (4)

“decrease in density”

Claim types

Direction of the findings

Over time

Claim type

Research area

Polarity

Statistics

Effects of Split Application of Fertilizaer and Planting Density on Yield, Components of Yield, and Other Agronomic Characters of Rice (III) 3

Effect of Depth of Tillage on Yield of Upland Paddy and on Associated Weeds 2

Studies of Direct-sowing Rice Culture by Broadcasting of Seed on submerged Paddy Field : IV. Relationship of seeding density to plant growth and rice yield 2

Studies on the Short Period Cultivation of Direct Sown Rice Plant : 2. Productivity of direct sown rice plant under short period cultivation in different seasons. 2

Limitations for finding a linear relationship between chlorophyll content and photosynthetic activity 1

THE CAMBIUM AND SEASONAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE PHLOEM IN ROBINIA PSEUDOACACIA 1

Studies on structure in plant communities. V. Pattern in Atriplex vesicaria communities in South-Eastern Australia 1

Leaf Diffusion Resistance, Illuminance, and Transpiration 1

The aetiology and development of damage in young fruit trees infested with fruit tree red spider mite, Panonychus ulmi (Koch) 1

Influence of parental density on the distribution pattern of eggs in the common cabbage butterfly, Pieris rapae crucivora 1