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“decrease in relative water content”

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Organism: Hordeum vulgare ✕

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Under drought, the decrease in leaf relative water content, net photosynthesis and biomass was smaller in Otis than in Baronesse.

Taxon: barleyHordeum vulgaree2
Material: Otise2
Treatment: droughte2
Outcome: leaf relative water content, net photosynthesis, and biomass accumulatione1
Direction: decreasee1
Comparator: Baronessee1

Verbatim

e2
“drought-tolerant (Otis) and drought-sensitive (Baronesse) barley genotypes subjected to drought”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 385–480

e1
“The drought-induced decrease in the leaf relative water content, net photosynthesis, and biomass accumulation was relatively low in Otis compared to Baronesse”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 554–712

Title

The Effect of Drought on Transcriptome and Hormonal Profiles in Barley Genotypes With Contrasting Drought Tolerance

Amal Harb; Craig Simpson; Wenbin Guo; et al. Frontiers in Plant Science 2020. doi:10.3389/fpls.2020.618491

Other claims from this paper (10)

Intervention effect Under drought, GA20 levels increased in Otis compared to Baronesse.
Intervention effect Under drought, cis-zeatin-o-glucoside (c-ZOG) levels increased in Otis compared to Baronesse.
Association Hormonal profiles of the barley genotypes under drought did not differ significantly for most compounds.
Intervention effect Under drought, the number of differentially expressed genes was lower in Otis than in Baronesse.
Intervention effect The wax biosynthesis gene CER1 was specifically induced in Otis under drought and not in Baronesse.
Intervention effect NAC transcription factors were specifically induced in Otis under drought and not in Baronesse.
Intervention effect Upregulation of betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase under drought was greater in Otis than in Baronesse.
Intervention effect Upregulation of a homeobox transcription factor under drought was greater in Otis than in Baronesse.
Intervention effect Under drought, downregulation of PSII D1 and D2 gene expression was lower in Otis than in Baronesse.
Association Alternative splicing differs between the barley genotypes under drought.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Heat exposure reduced chlorophyll and carotenoid contents and relative water content.

Taxon: barleyHordeum vulgaret0
Treatment: heat exposuree0
Outcome: chlorophyll contents, carotenoids, relative water contentse0
Direction: decreasee0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“heat exposure made a prominent decrease in chlorophyll contents, carotenoids, relative water contents”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 708–809

t0
“Barley”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 83–89

Title

Exogenous Application of Salicylic acid Mitigates heat-induced Oxidative Stress in Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)

Maryam Zahra; Sumaira Rasul; Fozia Saeed; et al. Pakistan Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology 2022. doi:10.52700/pjbb.v3i2.177

Other claims from this paper (8)

Intervention effect Heat exposure reduced superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, catalase, and anthocyanin activity.
Intervention effect Heat exposure increased malondialdehyde, hydrogen peroxide, and proline accumulation.
Intervention effect Salicylic acid increased chlorophyll pigments and relative water content under control and heat conditions.
Intervention effect Salicylic acid increased proline and anthocyanin under control and heat conditions.
Intervention effect Salicylic acid pretreatment under heat stress reduced hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde.
Intervention effect All tested salicylic acid concentrations elevated ROS-scavenging enzyme activities under heat stress.
Intervention effect Proline accumulated highly in salicylic-acid-cotreated heat-stressed plants.
Intervention effect The 2mM salicylic acid treatment protected heat-stressed barley more effectively than 5mM.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Water limitation lowered SPAD, Fv/Fm, relative water content and grain yield.

Taxon: barleyHordeum vulgaree0
Treatment: water limitatione0
Outcome: SPAD (Soil Plant Analysis Development), Fv/Fm, relative water content, and grain yielde0
Direction: decreasee0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“water limitation caused a decrease in SPAD (Soil Plant Analysis Development), Fv/Fm, relative water content, and grain yield of barley”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 748–882

Title

Effect of Biofertilizer and Nano-Fe Oxide Foliar Application on Alleviation of Water Deficit in Yield and Some Physico-Chemical Properties of Barley

R. Seyed Sharifi; R. Khalilzadeh; S. Dadashzadeh Russian Journal of Plant Physiology 2024. doi:10.1134/s1021443723602938

Other claims from this paper (9)

Intervention effect Water limitation increased electrical conductivity, proline, soluble sugars and enzyme activities.
Intervention effect Combined nano-iron and AM fungi plus PGPR increased relative water content and proline.
Observation Highest proline occurred with maximum nano-iron and mycorrhiza plus Azospirillum at every irrigation level.
Intervention effect Mycorrhiza and PGPR increased catalase activity by 44.7% under severe water limitation.
Intervention effect Mycorrhiza and PGPR increased peroxidase activity by 105.3% under severe water limitation.
Intervention effect Mycorrhiza and PGPR increased polyphenol oxidase activity by 107.5% under severe water limitation.
Intervention effect Iron deficiency reduced catalase and peroxidase activity under water deficit.
Intervention effect AM fungi and PGPR increased grain yield 10.35% under severe water stress.
Recommendation Authors recommend nano-iron spraying with mycorrhiza and Azospirillum for barley production in semi-arid areas.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Lead reduced relative water content and photosynthetic pigments in barley.

Taxon: Hordeum vulgare L.Hordeum vulgaret0
Treatment: leade0
Outcome: relative water content and photosynthetic pigmentse0
Direction: a decreasee0
Comparator: the controle0

Verbatim

e0
“lead induced a decrease in fresh weight, length, relative water content and photosynthetic pigments in lead treated plants compared to the control”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 761–907

t0
“Hordeum vulgare L.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 160–178

Title

Evaluation of cereal response to stress generated by heavy metals: de-termination of physiological and biochemical modifications, and antiox-idative defense of Hordeum vulgare L. against lead

Hafida Kazouz; Miloud Slimani; Omar Kharoubi; et al. South Asian Journal of Experimental Biology 2020. doi:10.38150/sajeb.10(1).p09-19

Other claims from this paper (5)

Intervention effect Lead reduced fresh weight and length in barley relative to controls.
Intervention effect Lead increased lipid peroxidation and hydrogen peroxide production in barley.
Intervention effect Lead increased barley protein content.
Intervention effect Lead enhanced catalase and peroxidase activity in barley.
Mechanism The authors interpret antioxidant enzyme activity as a barley tolerance mechanism against lead-induced oxidative stress.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Under future combined conditions, anthesis drought decreased leaf relative water content against current conditions.

Taxon: barleyHordeum vulgaret0
Treatment: anthesis drought and under future combined conditionse0
Outcome: leaf relative water contente0
Direction: decreasee0
Comparator: current conditionse0

Verbatim

e0
“At anthesis drought and under future combined conditions, plants showed a reduced cell dehydration and decrease in leaf relative water content compared with plants grown under current conditions.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1172–1367

t0
“barley”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 49–55

Title

Climate change does not impact the water flow of barley at the vegetative stage, ameliorates at anthesis and worsens after subsequent drought episodes

Ander Yoldi-Achalandabaso; Wieland Fricke; Jon Miranda-Apodaca; et al. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry 2024. doi:10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.109060

Other claims from this paper (10)

Intervention effect Vegetative drought did not affect barley water status across environmental conditions.
Intervention effect At anthesis, elevated CO2 and temperature maintained better water status than current conditions.
Intervention effect Elevated CO2 and temperature reduced stomatal conductance.
Intervention effect Elevated CO2 and temperature slowed plant water flow.
Mechanism Leaf HvPIP2;1 and HvTIP1 ; 1 were interpreted as key regulators of barley water flow.
Mechanism Leaf and root HvPIP2;5 was interpreted as providing basic water flow.
Intervention effect Under future combined conditions, anthesis drought reduced cell dehydration against current conditions.
Intervention effect Prior drought did not prime barley water status for a later drought.
Intervention effect Prior drought worsened the later drought response under future conditions.
Mechanism The worsened response was attributed to root-shoot developmental imbalance.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Increasing salt concentration significantly decreased chlorophyll content and relative water content of barley genotypes.

Taxon: Hordeum vulgare L.Hordeum vulgaret0
Treatment: Increasing the salt concentratione1
Outcome: ChC, and RWCe1
Direction: decreasee1

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

t0
“Hordeum vulgare L.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 94–112

e1
“Increasing the salt concentration caused a significant decrease in the germination time, α-amylase activity, germination percentage, ChC, and RWC of all the genotypes”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 638–804

Title

Plasticity of Morpho-Physiological Traits and Antioxidant Activity of Hydroponically Sprouted Hordeum vulgare L. When Using Saline Water

Walid Soufan; Omar Azab; Nasser Al-Suhaibani; et al. Agronomy 2023. doi:10.3390/agronomy13041135

Other claims from this paper (4)

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Lead reduced fresh weight and length in barley relative to controls.

Taxon: Hordeum vulgare L.Hordeum vulgaret0
Treatment: leade0
Outcome: fresh weight, lengthe0
Direction: a decreasee0
Comparator: the controle0

Verbatim

e0
“lead induced a decrease in fresh weight, length, relative water content and photosynthetic pigments in lead treated plants compared to the control”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 761–907

t0
“Hordeum vulgare L.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 160–178

Title

Evaluation of cereal response to stress generated by heavy metals: de-termination of physiological and biochemical modifications, and antiox-idative defense of Hordeum vulgare L. against lead

Hafida Kazouz; Miloud Slimani; Omar Kharoubi; et al. South Asian Journal of Experimental Biology 2020. doi:10.38150/sajeb.10(1).p09-19

Other claims from this paper (5)

Intervention effect Lead reduced relative water content and photosynthetic pigments in barley.
Intervention effect Lead increased lipid peroxidation and hydrogen peroxide production in barley.
Intervention effect Lead increased barley protein content.
Intervention effect Lead enhanced catalase and peroxidase activity in barley.
Mechanism The authors interpret antioxidant enzyme activity as a barley tolerance mechanism against lead-induced oxidative stress.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Under future combined conditions, anthesis drought reduced cell dehydration against current conditions.

Taxon: barleyHordeum vulgaret0
Treatment: anthesis drought and under future combined conditionse0
Outcome: cell dehydratione0
Direction: reducede0
Comparator: current conditionse0

Verbatim

e0
“At anthesis drought and under future combined conditions, plants showed a reduced cell dehydration and decrease in leaf relative water content compared with plants grown under current conditions.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1172–1367

t0
“barley”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 49–55

Title

Climate change does not impact the water flow of barley at the vegetative stage, ameliorates at anthesis and worsens after subsequent drought episodes

Ander Yoldi-Achalandabaso; Wieland Fricke; Jon Miranda-Apodaca; et al. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry 2024. doi:10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.109060

Other claims from this paper (10)

Intervention effect Vegetative drought did not affect barley water status across environmental conditions.
Intervention effect At anthesis, elevated CO2 and temperature maintained better water status than current conditions.
Intervention effect Elevated CO2 and temperature reduced stomatal conductance.
Intervention effect Elevated CO2 and temperature slowed plant water flow.
Mechanism Leaf HvPIP2;1 and HvTIP1 ; 1 were interpreted as key regulators of barley water flow.
Mechanism Leaf and root HvPIP2;5 was interpreted as providing basic water flow.
Intervention effect Under future combined conditions, anthesis drought decreased leaf relative water content against current conditions.
Intervention effect Prior drought did not prime barley water status for a later drought.
Intervention effect Prior drought worsened the later drought response under future conditions.
Mechanism The worsened response was attributed to root-shoot developmental imbalance.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Drought decreased carotenoids by 6.2% to 70.9% in barley.

Taxon: Hordeum vulgareHordeum vulgaree2
Treatment: Droughte0
Outcome: carotenoidse5
Direction: decreaseinferrede5
Value: –6.2% to –70.9%e5
Comparator: optimale1

Verbatim

e2
“limiting barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) productivity”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 34–83

e0
“Drought reduced relative water content (–1.3% to –3.2%), plant height (–14.7% to –29.6%), and dry biomass (–2.3% to –24.9%)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 299–422

e1
“under controlled laboratory conditions with optimal and drought treatments”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 161–235

e5
“pigment loss (chlorophyll a –10.1% to –79.5%; carotenoids –6.2% to –70.9%)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 489–563

Title

Genotypic variation in physiological, biochemical, and transcriptional responses to drought stress in spring barley at an early growth stage

Šarlota Kaňuková; Marcela Gubišová; Martina Hudcovicová; et al. Plant Soil and Environment 2025. doi:10.17221/406/2025-pse

Other claims from this paper (17)

Intervention effect Drought reduced relative water content by 1.3% to 3.2% in barley.
Intervention effect Drought reduced plant height by 14.7% to 29.6% in barley.
Intervention effect Drought reduced dry biomass by 2.3% to 24.9% in barley.
Intervention effect Drought strongly increased proline accumulation by 23.6% to 454% in barley.
Intervention effect Drought decreased chlorophyll a by 10.1% to 79.5% in barley.
Observation Plant height and chlorophyll a were the most reliable discriminators of barley genotype tolerance.
Observation Relative water content was less predictive of the species than the other traits.
Observation Multivariate stratification separated barley genotypes into tolerant, intermediate and sensitive groups.
Observation HvABF2 gene expression was induced 1.77-fold under drought.
Observation HvSOD1 was moderately upregulated 1.82-fold.
Observation HvAPX1 was upregulated 2.28-fold.
Observation HvP5CS had the strongest response (3.29-fold).
Observation HvP5CS induction did not consistently correlate with tolerance.
Mechanism Sensitive genotypes suffered severe pigment and growth penalties from excessive proline accumulation.
Observation Tolerant genotypes combined growth stability, pigment retention and moderate osmotic adjustment.
Mechanism Drought tolerance in barley at the early growth stage emerged from coordinated regulation of growth, photoprotection and stress-gene activation.
Recommendation The early-stage genotype selection can guide validation under field conditions and breeding.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Drought decreased chlorophyll a by 10.1% to 79.5% in barley.

Taxon: Hordeum vulgareHordeum vulgaree2
Treatment: Droughte0
Outcome: chlorophyll ae5
Direction: decreaseinferrede5
Value: –10.1% to –79.5%e5
Comparator: optimale1

Verbatim

e2
“limiting barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) productivity”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 34–83

e0
“Drought reduced relative water content (–1.3% to –3.2%), plant height (–14.7% to –29.6%), and dry biomass (–2.3% to –24.9%)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 299–422

e1
“under controlled laboratory conditions with optimal and drought treatments”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 161–235

e5
“pigment loss (chlorophyll a –10.1% to –79.5%; carotenoids –6.2% to –70.9%)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 489–563

Title

Genotypic variation in physiological, biochemical, and transcriptional responses to drought stress in spring barley at an early growth stage

Šarlota Kaňuková; Marcela Gubišová; Martina Hudcovicová; et al. Plant Soil and Environment 2025. doi:10.17221/406/2025-pse

Other claims from this paper (17)

Intervention effect Drought reduced relative water content by 1.3% to 3.2% in barley.
Intervention effect Drought reduced plant height by 14.7% to 29.6% in barley.
Intervention effect Drought reduced dry biomass by 2.3% to 24.9% in barley.
Intervention effect Drought strongly increased proline accumulation by 23.6% to 454% in barley.
Intervention effect Drought decreased carotenoids by 6.2% to 70.9% in barley.
Observation Plant height and chlorophyll a were the most reliable discriminators of barley genotype tolerance.
Observation Relative water content was less predictive of the species than the other traits.
Observation Multivariate stratification separated barley genotypes into tolerant, intermediate and sensitive groups.
Observation HvABF2 gene expression was induced 1.77-fold under drought.
Observation HvSOD1 was moderately upregulated 1.82-fold.
Observation HvAPX1 was upregulated 2.28-fold.
Observation HvP5CS had the strongest response (3.29-fold).
Observation HvP5CS induction did not consistently correlate with tolerance.
Mechanism Sensitive genotypes suffered severe pigment and growth penalties from excessive proline accumulation.
Observation Tolerant genotypes combined growth stability, pigment retention and moderate osmotic adjustment.
Mechanism Drought tolerance in barley at the early growth stage emerged from coordinated regulation of growth, photoprotection and stress-gene activation.
Recommendation The early-stage genotype selection can guide validation under field conditions and breeding.

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“decrease in relative water content”

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