Search claims · PlantClaims

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Aluminum toxicity decreased rice shoot and root fresh and dry weights.

Taxon: riceOryza sativat0
Treatment: Al toxicitye0
Outcome: shoot fresh weight, root fresh weight, shoot dry weight, root dry weighte0
Direction: decreasee0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“Al toxicity induced a substantial decrease in shoot length, root length, number of leaves, leaf area, shoot fresh weight, root fresh weight, shoot dry weight, root dry weight”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1105–1279

t0
“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 166–188

Title

Integrated application of organic acids and earthworms improves rhizosphere microbiome, reduces health risks, and modulates proteomic and transcriptomic responses in rice (Oryza sativa L.) under aluminum stress

Arwa Abdulkreem AL-Huqail; Muna Abdul-Rahman Al-Malki; Dalia Mohammad Melebari; et al. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 2025. doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.118817

Other claims from this paper (17)

Intervention effect Aluminum toxicity decreased rice shoot and root length, leaf number and leaf area.
Intervention effect Aluminum toxicity decreased rice chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll.
Intervention effect Aluminum toxicity decreased rice carotenoid content, net photosynthesis and stomatal conductance.
Intervention effect Aluminum toxicity decreased rice transpiration and soluble and reducing sugars.
Intervention effect Aluminum toxicity decreased non reducing sugar, calcium and magnesium contents in rice.
Intervention effect Aluminum toxicity decreased iron and phosphorus contents in rice.
Intervention effect Aluminum stress increased rice malondialdehyde and hydrogen peroxide.
Intervention effect Aluminum stress increased enzymatic and non enzymatic antioxidants and gene expression in rice.
Intervention effect Aluminum stress significantly increased proline metabolism, the AsA–GSH cycle and cellular pigmentation in rice.
Intervention effect Organic acid addition alleviated aluminum toxicity and improved rice photosynthetic capacity and growth.
Intervention effect Earthworm addition alleviated aluminum toxicity and improved rice photosynthetic capacity and growth.
Intervention effect Organic acid and earthworm treatment increased antioxidant enzyme activities in rice.
Intervention effect Organic acid and earthworm treatment lowered rice MDA and hydrogen peroxide.
Intervention effect Organic acids and earthworms increased rhizosphere microbiome abundance and diversity.
Intervention effect Organic acids and earthworms significantly increased rhizosphere bacterial population and Shannon diversity.
Intervention effect Treatments reduced daily aluminum intake and associated health risk.
Observation Under aluminum stress, HSP70, MT2A and PRP were downregulated in rice proteomic responses.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Pendimethalin and anilofos both followed by 2,4-D Na gave the maximum decrease in weed dry weight.

Taxon: rainfed upland riceOryza sativae0
Treatment: Pendimethalin and anilofos both followed by 2, 4-D Na salte2
Interactor: weede2weed
Outcome: weed dry weighte2
Direction: maximum decreasee2
Setting: Field experimentse0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“Field experiments were conducted during kbarif 1994 and 1995 to evaluate anilofos, butachlor and pendimethalin followed by 2, 4-D Na and without 2, 4-D Na for weed control in direct sown rainfed upland rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–224

e2
“Pendimethalin and anilofos both followed by 2, 4-D Na salt resulted in maximum decrease in weed dry weight which resulted in higher grain yield”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 306–449

Title

Weed Management for Direct Sown Rice under Rainfed Upland Conditions

B. D. Kalia; A. D. Bindra Indian Journal of Weed Science 1997

Other claims from this paper (5)

Intervention effect Herbicide application significantly reduced the dry weight of weeds in rainfed upland rice.
Intervention effect Pendimethalin and anilofos both followed by 2,4-D Na gave higher grain yield in rainfed upland rice.
Intervention effect Pendimethalin followed by 2,4-D Na (1.0+0.6 kg/ha) was more effective in controlling grasses, sedges and broad leaf weeds.
Intervention effect Anilofos followed by 2,4-D Na (0.4+0.6 kg/ha) was more effective in controlling grasses, sedges and broad leaf weeds.
Intervention effect Herbicide application gave an almost similar increase in grain yield of rainfed upland rice.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Decreasing silica content to less than 10% dry weight increased in vivo dry matter digestibility of straw in both varieties.

Taxon: Oryza sativaOryza sativat0
Material: both varietiese5
Treatment: Decrease in silica content to less than 10% dry weighte5
Outcome: dry matter digestibility of strawe5
Direction: increasede5
Qualifier: in vivoe5

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

t0
“Oryza sativa straw and hull”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 46–73

e5
“Decrease in silica content to less than 10% dry weight increased the in vivo dry matter digestibility of straw in both varieties”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 545–673

Title

Effects of silica level on some properties of Oryza sativa straw and hull

Maria Luisa F. C. Balasta; Consuelo M. Perez; Bienvenido O. Juliano; et al. Canadian Journal of Botany 1989. doi:10.1139/b89-301

Other claims from this paper (6)

Intervention effect Reducing silica content in hydroponic solution increased leaf openness in two rice varieties.
Intervention effect Reducing silica content decreased stem bending hardness and hull weight in two rice varieties.
Intervention effect Reducing silica content similarly decreased the number of silica bodies on the leaf blade surface.
Observation Silicon was highly concentrated in silica bodies inside silica cells on leaf blades and uniformly distributed on lemma and palea surfaces.
Observation Vascular tissues and bulliform cells were rich in silica.
Intervention effect Decreasing silica content to less than 10% dry weight increased in vitro organic matter digestibility of IR36 straw.

Associationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Higher shoot dry weight at heading was associated with less spikelet degeneration.

Taxon: riceOryza sativat0
Organ / stage: headinge0
Outcome: percentage of degenerated spikeletse0
Direction: decreasee0
Qualifier: shoot dry weight (SDW)e0

Verbatim

e0
“The decrease of the percentage of degenerated spikelets was associated with the increase of the shoot dry weight (SDW) at heading”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1536–1665

t0
“rice cultivars with large panicles”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 118–152

Title

Response of differentiated and degenerated spikelets to top-dressing, shading and day/night temperature treatments in rice cultivars with large panicles

Youli Yao; Yoshinori Yamamoto; Tetsushi Yoshida; et al. Soil Science & Plant Nutrition 2000. doi:10.1080/00380768.2000.10409128

Other claims from this paper (17)

Intervention effect Top-dressing increased differentiated spikelets per panicle.
Intervention effect Top-dressing decreased degenerated spikelet percentage.
Intervention effect Top-dressing increased surviving spikelets per panicle.
Intervention effect Shading increased degenerated spikelet percentage.
Intervention effect Shading decreased surviving spikelets per panicle.
Intervention effect Higher day and night temperature raised degenerated spikelet percentage.
Observation Treatments mainly affected secondary-branch spikelets.
Intervention effect Primary-branch spikelet numbers did not change appreciably.
Association Surviving spikelet response depended on differentiated spikelet number.
Association Shading effect on degeneration depended on differentiated spikelet number.
Association A higher shoot dry weight to differentiated spikelets ratio was associated with less degeneration.
Association Shoot dry weight and nitrogen absorption at heading affected surviving spikelets more than their respective survival ratios.
Observation The overall results were similar in Akenohoshi and Yangdao 4.
Association Akenohoshi degeneration responded more strongly to shoot dry weight and its ratio than Yangdao 4.
Association Surviving spikelets responded to shoot dry weight and nitrogen absorption at heading in Akenohoshi.
Observation Akenohoshi had a higher surviving spikelet to nitrogen ratio than Yangdao 4.
Observation Akenohoshi had more surviving spikelets per panicle than Yangdao 4 at the same dry weight and nitrogen absorption.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Elevated CO2 decreased root activity per unit root dry weight.

Taxon: RiceOryza sativat0
Treatment: elevated CO2e0
Outcome: root activitye0
Direction: decreasee0
Qualifier: per unit root dry weighte0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“Moreover, the elevated CO2 resulted in a remarkable decrease of root activity, expressed as per unit root dry weight, which might be responsible for decreased N concentration in roots.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 415–599

t0
“Rice”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 77–81

Title

Effects of Free-air CO_2 Enrichment on Root Characteristics and C:N Ratio of Rice at the Heading Stage

Gaiping Chen; Lei Cheng; Jianguo Zhu; et al. 2006

Other claims from this paper (9)

Intervention effect FACE significantly increased root biomass in rice.
Intervention effect FACE significantly increased root volume in rice.
Intervention effect FACE significantly increased ratio of root/shoot in rice.
Intervention effect FACE significantly increased number of adventitious roots in rice.
Intervention effect FACE significantly increased root diameter in rice.
Intervention effect CO2 enrichment decreased N concentration in rice roots.
Intervention effect CO2 enrichment did not change C content in rice roots.
Intervention effect CO2 enrichment increased root C:N ratio.
Mechanism The authors suggest reduced root activity might explain lower root N concentration.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Methionine decreased rice callus fresh and dry weight compared with the control.

Taxon: RiceOryza sativat0
Material: HUR 4–3t0
Organ / stage: calluse0
Treatment: methioninee0
Outcome: callus fresh and dry weighte0
Direction: decreasee0
Comparator: the controle0

Verbatim

e0
“arginine and glutamine increased while, methionine and phenylalanine gave decrease in callus fresh and dry weight as compared to the control”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 239–379

t0
“Rice Variety ‘HUR 4–3’”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 82–104

Title

Study on the Effect of Different Concentration of Amino Acids on Callus Growth of Rice Variety ‘HUR 4–3’

C. Venkatesan; S.K. Singh; R.P. Singh; et al. International Journal of Agriculture Environment and Biotechnology 2013. doi:10.5958/j.2230-732x.6.3.009

Other claims from this paper (7)

Intervention effect Arginine increased rice callus fresh and dry weight compared with the control.
Intervention effect Glutamine increased rice callus fresh and dry weight compared with the control.
Intervention effect Phenylalanine decreased rice callus fresh and dry weight compared with the control.
Intervention effect Both concentrations of ornithine significantly increased rice callus fresh and dry weight over the control.
Intervention effect Lysine at 0.5 g/l significantly increased rice callus fresh and dry weight over the control.
Intervention effect Citrulline significantly increased rice callus fresh and dry weight over the control.
Intervention effect Threonine at 1.0 g/l significantly increased rice callus fresh and dry weight over the control.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Phenylalanine decreased rice callus fresh and dry weight compared with the control.

Taxon: RiceOryza sativat0
Material: HUR 4–3t0
Organ / stage: calluse0
Treatment: phenylalaninee0
Outcome: callus fresh and dry weighte0
Direction: decreasee0
Comparator: the controle0

Verbatim

e0
“arginine and glutamine increased while, methionine and phenylalanine gave decrease in callus fresh and dry weight as compared to the control”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 239–379

t0
“Rice Variety ‘HUR 4–3’”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 82–104

Title

Study on the Effect of Different Concentration of Amino Acids on Callus Growth of Rice Variety ‘HUR 4–3’

C. Venkatesan; S.K. Singh; R.P. Singh; et al. International Journal of Agriculture Environment and Biotechnology 2013. doi:10.5958/j.2230-732x.6.3.009

Other claims from this paper (7)

Intervention effect Arginine increased rice callus fresh and dry weight compared with the control.
Intervention effect Glutamine increased rice callus fresh and dry weight compared with the control.
Intervention effect Methionine decreased rice callus fresh and dry weight compared with the control.
Intervention effect Both concentrations of ornithine significantly increased rice callus fresh and dry weight over the control.
Intervention effect Lysine at 0.5 g/l significantly increased rice callus fresh and dry weight over the control.
Intervention effect Citrulline significantly increased rice callus fresh and dry weight over the control.
Intervention effect Threonine at 1.0 g/l significantly increased rice callus fresh and dry weight over the control.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Deep water decreased root dry weight compared with shallow water.

Taxon: rice seedlingsOryza sativae0
Treatment: Deep watere1
Outcome: root dry weighte1
Direction: decreasee1
Comparator: shallow watere3

Verbatim

e0
“rice seedlings 20, 30, 40 and 50 d were kept at 5, 10, 15 and 20 cm water depth in a water pool”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 41–136

e1
“Deep water inflicted higher tiller mortality, minimal increase in dry weight of aerial parts and leaf area, decrease in root length, and decrease in root dry weight especially at 20 cm water depth and produced an unbalanced T/R ratio (top versus root dry weight)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 249–511

e3
“These parameters, however, excel in shallow water”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 565–614

Title

Effect of seedling age and water depth on morphological and physiological aspects of transplanted rice under high temperature

KHAKWANIAbdulAziz; SHIRAISHIMasaaki; ZUBAIRMuhammad; et al. 浙江大学学报：B卷英文版 2005

Other claims from this paper (7)

Intervention effect Deep water gave higher tiller mortality than shallow water.
Intervention effect Deep water gave only a minimal increase in dry weight of aerial parts and leaf area compared with shallow water.
Intervention effect Deep water decreased root length compared with shallow water.
Intervention effect Deep water, especially at 20 cm, produced an unbalanced top to root dry weight ratio compared with shallow water.
Intervention effect Deep water tended to increase plant length compared with shallow water.
Intervention effect Older seedlings could not perform as well as young seedlings in physiological and morphological aspects, except root dry weight.
Observation Young rice seedlings stand well in shallow water and can cope with high temperature.

Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Salt-tolerant groups had the smallest decline in sheath dry weight under salt stress.

Taxon: riceOryza sativat0
Material: STGse0
Treatment: salt stresse1
Outcome: sheath DWe0
Direction: smallest decreasee0

Verbatim

e0
“STGs had the smallest decrease in sheath DW”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1308–1351

e1
“under salt stress”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1285–1302

t0
“rice genotypes”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 86–100

Title

Effects of salt stress on plant growth characteristics and mineral content in diverse rice genotypes

Thieu Thi Phong Thu; Hideshi Yasui; Takeo Yamakawa Soil Science & Plant Nutrition 2017. doi:10.1080/00380768.2017.1323672

Other claims from this paper (8)

Mechanismauthor interpretationoriginal resultnegativebasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

Decrease in rice yield under no-tillage is suggested to be affected by missing and floating hills, paddy soil phase ratio, dissolved oxygen, and shoot and root dry weight.

Taxon: RiceOryza sativat0
Outcome: rice yielde1
Qualifier: missing and floating hill, solid and gaseous phase ratio of paddy soil, dissolved oxygen, shoot dry weight, and root dry weighte1

Verbatim

t0
“Rice Transplanted with 10-Day-Old Seedlings”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 37–80

e1
“There are factors in reducing rice yield in no-tillage cultivation such as missing and floating hill, solid and gaseous phase ratio of paddy soil, dissolved oxygen, shoot dry weight, and root dry weight”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 2295–2497

Title

Weed Occurrence, Growth and Yield of Rice Transplanted with 10-Day-Old Seedlings in Tillage and No-Tillage Paddy Fields

Yong In Kuk; Oh-Do Kwon; Il-Bin Im Korean Journal of Weed Science 2002

Other claims from this paper (13)

“dry weight decrease”

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