Search claims · PlantClaims

Associationobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Parasitoid development time was unaffected under high CO2.

Taxon: treet0
Treatment: high CO 2e1
Outcome: development timee0
Direction: unaffectede0

Verbatim

e0
“development time and adult male size were unaffected”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1243–1295

e1
“Larvae feeding on high CO 2 aspen exhibited the largest reduction in performance, relative to larvae feeding on birch, oak, or maple”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 688–820

t0
“CO 2 ‐mediated changes in tree chemistry”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 60–100

Title

Elevated atmospheric CO₂: effects on phytochemistry, insect performance and insect‐parasitoid interactions

SHERRY K. ROTH; RICHARD L. LINDROTH Global Change Biology 1995. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2486.1995.tb00019.x

Other claims from this paper (12)

Intervention effect Elevated CO2 reduced foliar nitrogen levels.
Intervention effect Elevated CO2 increased foliar carbon-based compounds including starch and phenolics.
Association Changes in foliage chemistry under CO2 altered gypsy moth growth and development slightly and variably across tree species.
Association Gypsy moth larvae feeding on high CO2 aspen had the largest performance reduction relative to larvae on birch, oak, or maple.
Association Parasitism by C. melanoscela prolonged gypsy moth development significantly.
Association Parasitism by C. melanoscela reduced gypsy moth growth rates.
Association The parasitism effect on gypsy moth performance did not differ between CO2 treatments.
Association Altered moth performance on high CO2 foliage affected parasitoid performance variably.
Association Parasitoid mortality increased under high CO2.
Association Adult female parasitoid size declined slightly under high CO2.
Association Adult male parasitoid size was unaffected under high CO2.
Observation The authors interpret third-trophic-level effects of CO2-driven chemistry changes as weak to nonexistent.

Observationobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Parasitoid development times did not differ across host populations.

Taxon: Brassica rapaBrassica rapae1
Outcome: their development timese0
Direction: note0

Verbatim

e0
“parasitism success differed in terms of parasitoid adult emergence and their biomass, but not their development times”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1144–1261

e1
“a native Dutch plant species, Brassica rapa”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 581–624

Title

Variation in Performance and Resistance to Parasitism of Plutella xylostella Populations

Rieta Gols; Gaylord A. Desurmont; Jeffrey A. Harvey Insects 2019. doi:10.3390/insects10090293

Other claims from this paper (6)

Associationobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Percentage parasitism and parasitoid size were not correlated with foliar nitrogen concentration.

Taxon: Brassica oleracea var capitataBrassica oleraceae2
Outcome: Percentage parasitism and parasitoid sizee5
Direction: no_changeinferrede5
Comparator: foliar nitrogen concentratione5

Verbatim

e2
“consisting of Brassica oleracea var capitata, Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera) larvae and Cotesia vestalis (parasitoid)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 681–801

e5
“Percentage parasitism and parasitoid size were not correlated with foliar nitrogen concentration”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1344–1440

Title

Organic and conventional fertilizer effects on a tritrophic interaction: parasitism, performance and preference of Cotesia vestalis

J. T. Staley; R. D. Girling; A. Stewart-Jones; et al. Journal of Applied Entomology 2011. doi:10.1111/j.1439-0418.2010.01604.x

Other claims from this paper (6)

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Powdery mildew did not change the performance of Pieris brassicae caterpillars on Brassica rapa.

Taxon: Brassica rapaBrassica rapat0
Treatment: powdery mildewe2
Interactor: P. brassicaePieris brassicaee2herbivore
Second interactor: powdery mildewe2pathogen
Outcome: performance of P. brassicaee2
Direction: unaffectede2

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e2
“The performance of P. brassicae was unaffected by powdery mildew”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 840–904

t0
“interferes with parasitoid attraction in Brassica rapa”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 64–118

Title

Powdery mildew suppresses herbivore‐induced plant volatiles and interferes with parasitoid attraction in Brassica rapa

Gaylord A. Desurmont; Hao Xu; Ted C. J. Turlings Plant Cell & Environment 2016. doi:10.1111/pce.12752

Other claims from this paper (5)

Intervention effect Herbivory significantly induced plant volatiles in both healthy and mildew-infected Brassica rapa plants.
Intervention effect Plant volatiles of mildew-infected Brassica rapa were quantitatively 41% lower than those of healthy plants.
Intervention effect Parasitoids strongly preferred Pieris-infested Brassica rapa plants to dually infested plants.
Intervention effect Parasitoids preferred dually infested Brassica rapa plants over plants infested only with mildew.
Intervention effect Cocoon mass of Cotesia glomerata was reduced when parasitized caterpillars developed on mildew-infected Brassica rapa plants.

Associationobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Adult male parasitoid size was unaffected under high CO2.

Taxon: treet0
Outcome: adult male sizee0
Direction: unaffectede0
Qualifier: development time and adult male size were unaffectede0

Not reportedTreatment

Verbatim

e0
“development time and adult male size were unaffected”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1243–1295

t0
“CO 2 ‐mediated changes in tree chemistry”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 60–100

Title

Elevated atmospheric CO₂: effects on phytochemistry, insect performance and insect‐parasitoid interactions

SHERRY K. ROTH; RICHARD L. LINDROTH Global Change Biology 1995. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2486.1995.tb00019.x

Other claims from this paper (12)

Intervention effect Elevated CO2 reduced foliar nitrogen levels.
Intervention effect Elevated CO2 increased foliar carbon-based compounds including starch and phenolics.
Association Changes in foliage chemistry under CO2 altered gypsy moth growth and development slightly and variably across tree species.
Association Gypsy moth larvae feeding on high CO2 aspen had the largest performance reduction relative to larvae on birch, oak, or maple.
Association Parasitism by C. melanoscela prolonged gypsy moth development significantly.
Association Parasitism by C. melanoscela reduced gypsy moth growth rates.
Association The parasitism effect on gypsy moth performance did not differ between CO2 treatments.
Association Altered moth performance on high CO2 foliage affected parasitoid performance variably.
Association Parasitoid mortality increased under high CO2.
Association Adult female parasitoid size declined slightly under high CO2.
Association Parasitoid development time was unaffected under high CO2.
Observation The authors interpret third-trophic-level effects of CO2-driven chemistry changes as weak to nonexistent.

Associationobservedoriginal resultno effectnot significant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Parasitoid residence time did not differ significantly among treatments.

Taxon: JohnsongrassSorghum halepensee1
Treatment: treatmentse0
Interactor: Lysiphlebus testaceipesLysiphlebus testaceipese2biocontrol_agent
Outcome: residence time of the parasitoide0
Direction: No significant differencese0

Verbatim

e0
“No significant differences in the residence time of the parasitoid in the aphid colony occurred between treatments.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1259–1374

e1
“Johnsongrass, Sorghum halepense”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 56–87

e2
“Lysiphlebus testaceipes”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 212–235

Title

Plant quality vs. risk of parasitism: within‐plant distribution and performance of the corn leaf aphid, Rhopalosiphum maidis

Wilfredo L. Gonzáles; Ernesto Gianoli; Hermann M. Niemeyer Agricultural and Forest Entomology 2001. doi:10.1046/j.1461-9563.2001.00084.x

Other claims from this paper (9)

Observation Corn leaf aphid colonies usually occur in the Johnsongrass whorl.
Association Aphid growth rate was lower in the whorl than on a mature leaf.
Association Whorl hydroxamic acid concentration exceeded that of mature leaves.
Association Fewer parasitized dead aphids occurred inside the whorl than in the other placements.
Observation Mummies appeared in 80% of whorl replicates.
Observation Mummies appeared in all replicates of the other placements.
Association Parasitoid host location time increased on mature leaves.
Association Parasitoid host location time was negatively correlated with aphids on the outer whorl.
Association Parasitoid residence time was positively correlated with aphids on the outer whorl.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Parasitoid parasitism and emergence rates and developmental durations were similar on infected and uninfected plants.

Treatment: infectede0
Outcome: parasitism rates,emergence rates and developmental durations of the parasitoide0
Direction: similare0
Comparator: uninfected plantse0

Not reportedTaxon

Verbatim

e0
“the parasitism rates,emergence rates and developmental durations of the parasitoid on infected and uninfected plants were similar”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 892–1021

Title

Effects of begomovirus infection of tomato plants on leaf trichome density and foraging performance and fitness of Eretmocerus hayati (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae), a parasitoid of the whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae).

Pan Deng; Lanlan Wang; Shu‐Sheng Liu; et al. Acta Entomologica Sinica 2013

Other claims from this paper (3)

Intervention effect Viral infection increased tomato leaf trichome density 1.8-fold.
Intervention effect Parasitoid host handling time was twice as high on infected plants.
Intervention effect Parasitoid patch residence time was 1.5-fold as high on infected plants.

Associationobservedoriginal resultno effectnot significant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Progeny fitness did not differ significantly between hosts at each parasitoid density.

Taxon: AmaranthAmaranthus caudatuse0
Outcome: progeny fitnesse1
Direction: no significant differencee1
Comparator: between hostse1

Verbatim

e0
“Amaranth is an African indigenous vegetable”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–43

e1
“There was no significant difference between hosts in regard to progeny fitness at each parasitoid density”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1300–1405

Title

Performance of Apanteles hemara (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) on two Amaranth Leaf-webbers: Spoladea recurvalis and Udea ferrugalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)

S T O Othim; K M Agbodzavu; R Kahuthia-Gathu; et al. Environmental Entomology 2017. doi:10.1093/ee/nvx156

Other claims from this paper (8)

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Heronsbill did not improve fecundity of the parasitoid.

Taxon: Portulaca grandifloraPortulaca grandiflorae5
Treatment: heronsbille5
Interactor: Cotesia vestalisCotesia vestalise0biocontrol_agent
Outcome: fecunditye5
Direction: did not improvee5

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

t0
“Alyssum (Lobularia maritima)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–28

e0
“using the widely-distributed parasitoid, Cotesia vestalis (Haliday)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 549–616

e5
“heronsbill (Portulaca grandiflora Hook.) (Portulacaceae) denied benefit to the pest and promoted longevity of the parasitoid under no-choice conditions but did not improve fecundity and was repellent to female parasitoids under choice conditions”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1165–1410

Title

Alyssum (Lobularia maritima) selectively attracts and enhances the performance of Cotesia vestalis, a parasitoid of Plutella xylostella

Yanting Chen; Jun Mao; Olivia L. Reynolds; et al. Scientific Reports 2020. doi:10.1038/s41598-020-62021-y

Other claims from this paper (10)

Observation Volatiles of alyssum were attractive to the parasitoid Cotesia vestalis.
Intervention effect Access to alyssum flowering shoots increased adult longevity of Cotesia vestalis.
Intervention effect Access to alyssum flowering shoots increased realized fecundity of Cotesia vestalis.
Observation Adult diamondback moth derived no benefit from alyssum flowers.
Intervention effect Buckwheat increased adult longevity of both the pest and the parasitoid.
Intervention effect Buckwheat increased fecundity of both the pest and the parasitoid.
Intervention effect Heronsbill denied benefit to the pest.
Intervention effect Heronsbill promoted longevity of the parasitoid under no-choice conditions.
Observation Heronsbill was repellent to female parasitoids under choice conditions.
Recommendation Nectar plants should be tested on multiple response variables and on both pest and natural enemy.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectnot significant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Neither parasitoid performed significantly better on hosts fed leaves induced by conspecific parasitoids than on hosts fed leaves induced by unparasitized caterpillars.

Taxon: Brassica oleraceaBrassica oleraceae1
Treatment: plants continuously induced by a conspecific parasitoide0
Interactor: Hyposoter ebeninusHyposoter ebeninuse2parasite
Outcome: parasitoid speciese0
Direction: did not perform significantly bettere0
Comparator: unparasitised caterpillarse0

Not reportedSecond interactor

Verbatim

e0
“Both parasitoid species did not perform significantly better when their host was fed with leaves from plants continuously induced by a conspecific parasitoid relative to unparasitised caterpillars.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1169–1366

e1
“leaf material of Brassica oleracea plants”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 840–881

e2
“parasitoids Hyposoter ebeninus and Cotesia glomerata”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 602–654

Title

Parasitoids affect plant responses through their host Pieris brassicae , but not for the benefit of their own performance

Maximilien A. C. Cuny; Mitchel E. Bourne; Erik H. Poelman Ecological Entomology 2022. doi:10.1111/een.13186

Other claims from this paper (1)

Observation The two parasitoid species affected each other’s performance asymmetrically through plant mediated interactions.

“parasitoid performance”

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Over time

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