Search claims · PlantClaims

Mechanismauthor interpretationoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The authors propose that spermidine reduces oxidative injury through antioxidant enzymes and improves photosynthetic efficiency.

Taxon: soybeanGlycine maxe0
Treatment: Spde0
Outcome: photosynthetic efficiencye0
Qualifier: via improving photosynthetic parameterse0

Verbatim

e0
“appropriate concentration of Spd could decrease O~-_2· generation rate and the contents of H_2O_2 and MDA via increasing the activities of antioxidant enzymes in soybean seedlings and increase photosynthetic efficiency via improving photosynthetic parameters”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1222–1480

Title

Regulating Effects of Exogenous Spermidine on Photosynthetic Character and Antioxidant Metabolism of Soybean Seedling Leaves under Salt Stress

Hongyan Du Dadou kexue 2016

Other claims from this paper (7)

Intervention effect Salt stress significantly decreased relative dry matter increase rate in soybean leaves.
Intervention effect Salt stress significantly decreased antioxidant enzyme activity in soybean seedling leaves.
Intervention effect Salt stress significantly decreased photosynthetic parameters in soybean seedling leaves.
Intervention effect Salt stress increased relative electrolyte leakage, superoxide generation, hydrogen peroxide, and malondialdehyde.
Intervention effect Exogenous spermidine increased relative dry matter increase rate in salt-stressed soybean.
Intervention effect Exogenous spermidine increased antioxidant enzyme activity and photosynthetic parameters.
Intervention effect Exogenous spermidine decreased electrolyte leakage, superoxide generation, hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Seed soaking with soybean isoflavones alleviated salt injury, especially in the salt-sensitive Glycine max N23674 cultivar.

Taxon: soybeanGlycine maxe0
Material: Glycine max N23674 cultivare0
Treatment: seed soaking with Daidzin or Genistine0
Outcome: soybean salt injurye0
Direction: alleviatede0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“The results showed that,the treatments of seed soaking with Daidzin or Genistin could all significantly inhibited the increases of relative electrolytic leakage and content of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances(TBARS),and the decrease of net photosynthetic rate(Pn),reduced the Na+content and Na+/ K+ ratio,and enhanced the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD),peroxidase(POD) and catalase(CAT) and the contents …” Show full quote
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1819–2446

Title

Effects of seed soaking with soybean isoflavones on soybean seedlings under salt stress

Yu Bingjun Acta Ecologica Sinica 2011

Other claims from this paper (11)

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Defoliation caused a significant yield loss in both moisture-stressed and well-watered soybeans.

Taxon: soybeansGlycine maxe0
Treatment: defoliatione0
Outcome: yielde0
Direction: decreaseinferrede0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“Significant yield loss occurred in both moisture-stressed and well-watered soybeans due to defoliation”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 2265–2367

Title

Physiology of plant tolerance to arthropod injury

Fikru J. Haile Lincoln (University of Nebraska) 1999

Other claims from this paper (17)

Intervention effect The tolerant wheat line showed photosynthetic compensation under Russian wheat aphid injury compared with antibiotic or susceptible lines.
Intervention effect The tolerant wheat line maintained photosynthetic rates comparable to uninjured controls after aphid injury.
Intervention effect The antibiotic wheat line showed a greater photosynthetic rate reduction under aphid injury.
Intervention effect Spider mite injury reduced photosynthesis, stomatal conductance and transpiration in both moisture-stressed and well-watered soybeans.
Intervention effect Well-watered soybeans initially had higher photosynthesis rates than moisture-stressed soybeans.
Intervention effect Well-watered soybeans were more sensitive to spider mite injury than moisture-stressed soybeans.
Intervention effect Absolute photosynthetic rates of spider mite-injured soybean leaves were greater in well-watered than in moisture-stressed soybeans.
Intervention effect Soil moisture improved the tolerance of soybeans to spider mite injury.
Association Gas-exchange responses of sunflower and soybean to defoliation and moisture stress varied with plant water status.
Intervention effect Moisture-stressed sunflower and soybean plants had lower leaf water potential.
Intervention effect Moisture-stressed sunflower and soybean plants had lower photosynthetic rates.
Intervention effect Defoliation of most leaves per plant improved plant water potential.
Intervention effect Defoliation of most leaves per plant enhanced photosynthetic rates.
Intervention effect Defoliation of an individual leaf per plant did not improve plant water status.
Intervention effect Defoliation of an individual leaf per plant did not significantly alter photosynthetic rates.
Intervention effect Well-watered soybeans produced more leaf tissues than moisture-stressed plants.
Intervention effect Well-watered soybeans tolerated defoliation more than moisture-stressed plants.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Humate or oat straw depressed vegetative growth and tended to decrease flower number.

Taxon: soybeansGlycine maxt0
Treatment: humate, and or oat strawe0
Outcome: vegetative growthe0
Direction: depressione0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“Despite the increase in the 100-seed weight, the addition of humate, and or oat straw indicated no increase in the seed weight because of the depression of vegetative growth and the tendency of decrease in the flower number.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 3435–3659

t0
“soybeans”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 106–114

Title

Studies on Cool Injury in Bean Plants : IV. Effects of nitrogenous fertilizers on the growth and yield of soybeans as subjected to low temperature from early to mid-reproductive stage

Koji HASHIMOTO; Tadashi YAMAMOTO Japanese Journal of Crop Science 1973. doi:10.1626/jcs.42.475

Other claims from this paper (13)

Observation Low-temperature seed-yield loss arose mainly from reduced pod number or setting and fertile-seed percentage.
Observation Fertilizers differed statistically in pod number or setting rate.
Intervention effect Cold injury was least with farmyard manure and greatest with CDU.
Intervention effect Farmyard manure produced the highest total seed weight across cool treatments and control.
Intervention effect The four other slowly available nitrogen fertilizers exceeded high and standard ammonium sulfate for seed weight.
Intervention effect Leaf and stem weights at maturity were highest with farmyard manure.
Observation Nonnodulating soybean responded strongly to nitrogen fertilization in growth and yield, with a response trend contrasting with the nodulating line.
Intervention effect Slowly available nitrogen treatments produced about 30% less dry matter than high ammonium sulfate in the nonnodulating line.
Observation High manure nitrogen did not significantly depress fixation during development in nodulated soybean.
Intervention effect Farmyard manure again gave stable, high seed weight over three cool-exposure stages and control.
Intervention effect The 80% CDU and 20% ammonium sulfate mixture, with or without humate or oat straw, had seed yield as high as manure and above ammonium sulfate treatments.
Intervention effect Adding humate or oat straw increased 100-seed weight.
Intervention effect Adding humate or oat straw did not increase total seed weight.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

IAA decreased MDA content under salt stress.

Taxon: soybean seedlingsGlycine maxe1
Treatment: IAAe1
Outcome: content of MDAe0
Direction: decreasee0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“IAA promote the activities of SOD, POD and CAT which belong to the enzyme system for cell membrance protection of soybean seedlings under certain salt stress, and decrease the content of MDA produced by lipid peroxidation”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 405–626

e1
“effect of IAA on soybean seedlings”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 4–38

Title

Effect of IAA on soybean seedling^s membrance injury and salt resistance

Wei Ai-li; Chen Yunzhao Xibei zhiwu xuebao 2000

Other claims from this paper (4)

Intervention effect IAA promoted soybean seedling growth under salt stress.
Intervention effect IAA increased physical products and trifoliate leaf area under salt stress.
Intervention effect IAA promoted seminal leaf photosynthetic rate under salt stress.
Intervention effect IAA promoted SOD, POD and CAT activities under salt stress.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Under H(2)O(2) and acetaldehyde, mechanical injury decreased stem photon intensity by about 0.72-fold.

Taxon: adzuki beanVigna angularist0
Organ / stage: stemse0
Treatment: mechanical injuriese0
Outcome: photon intensitiese0
Direction: decreasee0
Value: 0.72-folde0
Qualifier: H(2)O(2) and acetaldehyde (MeCHO)e0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“The photon intensities of stems and cotyledons after mechanical injuries resulted in about an 0.72-fold decrease and an 8.8-fold increase in the presence of H(2)O(2) and acetaldehyde (MeCHO), respectively.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 988–1193

t0
“adzuki bean”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 21–32

Title

Chemiluminescence of adzuki bean and soybean seedlings

Tetsuo Iida; Masaaki Kawane; Kazuhide Ashikaga; et al. Luminescence 2000. doi:10.1002/(sici)1522-7243(200001/02)15:1<9::aid-bio569>3.0.co;2-x

Other claims from this paper (10)

Observation Adzuki bean seedling photon intensity increased after germination in the water extract system.
Observation Adzuki bean hypocotyl photon intensity peaked during the first four days of germination.
Observation Primary leaves had the strongest chemiluminescence on day four after germination.
Observation The water extract system had an emission peak at 510 nm and shoulders at 660 nm.
Intervention effect Mechanical stem injury increased chemiluminescence about 1.5-fold.
Intervention effect Mechanical cotyledon injury increased chemiluminescence about 6.8-fold.
Observation Photon intensity in the ethanol extract system rose after germination and peaked in the first two days.
Observation Root and leaf chemiluminescence on day four was stronger than in other seedling areas.
Observation The ethanol extract system had an emission peak around 570 nm and shoulders around 660 nm.
Intervention effect Under H(2)O(2) and acetaldehyde, mechanical injury increased cotyledon photon intensity by about 8.8-fold.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

High nitrogen during low temperature markedly decreased pod number versus 23°C.

Taxon: soybeansGlycine maxt0
Treatment: High N application during the low temperature treatmentse0
Outcome: pod numbere0
Direction: decreasee0
Comparator: 23°C conditione0

Verbatim

e0
“High N application during the low temperature treatments caused a remark able decrease in pod number, comparing with a 23°C condition.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 383–517

t0
“soybeans”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 124–132

Title

Studies on the Cool Injury in Bean Plants : I. Effect of nitrogen under low temperature on the pod setting and fertility of soybeans

Koji HASHIMOTO; Tadashi YAMAMOTO Japanese Journal of Crop Science 1970. doi:10.1626/jcs.39.156

Other claims from this paper (10)

Intervention effect Low nitrogen during low temperature caused little decrease in pod number versus 23°C.
Intervention effect High nitrogen under low temperature considerably decreased flower pod setting rate during the sensitive stage.
Intervention effect High nitrogen under low temperature considerably decreased pod fertility in the sensitive stage.
Observation Low nitrogen under low temperature caused little significant direct damage.
Intervention effect Low nitrogen under low temperature in mid-bloom reduced flower number and flowers per node.
Observation Low nitrogen under low temperature in mid-bloom produced small plants.
Observation Flowers escaping low temperature and flowers at 23°C had high pod setting with high nitrogen.
Intervention effect High nitrogen prolonged the flowering period.
Intervention effect High nitrogen increased flower number.
Recommendation The authors infer high nitrogen favors more pods outside low-temperature-sensitive flowering.

Observationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Low-temperature seed-yield loss arose mainly from reduced pod number or setting and fertile-seed percentage.

Taxon: soybeansGlycine maxt0
Organ / stage: pode0
Outcome: seed yielde0
Direction: decreasee0

Verbatim

e0
“The major sources of decrease in seed yield were the decrease in the pod number, or pod setting rate, and the fertile seed percentage, but the statistical difference among fertilizers was only obtained in the pod number, or the pod setting rate.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1148–1393

t0
“soybeans”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 106–114

Title

Studies on Cool Injury in Bean Plants : IV. Effects of nitrogenous fertilizers on the growth and yield of soybeans as subjected to low temperature from early to mid-reproductive stage

Koji HASHIMOTO; Tadashi YAMAMOTO Japanese Journal of Crop Science 1973. doi:10.1626/jcs.42.475

Other claims from this paper (13)

Observation Fertilizers differed statistically in pod number or setting rate.
Intervention effect Cold injury was least with farmyard manure and greatest with CDU.
Intervention effect Farmyard manure produced the highest total seed weight across cool treatments and control.
Intervention effect The four other slowly available nitrogen fertilizers exceeded high and standard ammonium sulfate for seed weight.
Intervention effect Leaf and stem weights at maturity were highest with farmyard manure.
Observation Nonnodulating soybean responded strongly to nitrogen fertilization in growth and yield, with a response trend contrasting with the nodulating line.
Intervention effect Slowly available nitrogen treatments produced about 30% less dry matter than high ammonium sulfate in the nonnodulating line.
Observation High manure nitrogen did not significantly depress fixation during development in nodulated soybean.
Intervention effect Farmyard manure again gave stable, high seed weight over three cool-exposure stages and control.
Intervention effect The 80% CDU and 20% ammonium sulfate mixture, with or without humate or oat straw, had seed yield as high as manure and above ammonium sulfate treatments.
Intervention effect Adding humate or oat straw increased 100-seed weight.
Intervention effect Adding humate or oat straw did not increase total seed weight.
Intervention effect Humate or oat straw depressed vegetative growth and tended to decrease flower number.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Low nitrogen under low temperature in mid-bloom reduced flower number and flowers per node.

Taxon: soybeansGlycine maxt0
Organ / stage: mid - bloom stagee0
Treatment: low temperature treatmente0
Outcome: number of flowers and flower number per nodee0
Direction: decreasee0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“the decrease in the number of flowers and flower number per node or small sized plants were remarked under the low temperature treatment in the mid - bloom stage on the main stem.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1276–1455

t0
“soybeans”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 124–132

Title

Studies on the Cool Injury in Bean Plants : I. Effect of nitrogen under low temperature on the pod setting and fertility of soybeans

Koji HASHIMOTO; Tadashi YAMAMOTO Japanese Journal of Crop Science 1970. doi:10.1626/jcs.39.156

Other claims from this paper (10)

Intervention effect High nitrogen during low temperature markedly decreased pod number versus 23°C.
Intervention effect Low nitrogen during low temperature caused little decrease in pod number versus 23°C.
Intervention effect High nitrogen under low temperature considerably decreased flower pod setting rate during the sensitive stage.
Intervention effect High nitrogen under low temperature considerably decreased pod fertility in the sensitive stage.
Observation Low nitrogen under low temperature caused little significant direct damage.
Observation Low nitrogen under low temperature in mid-bloom produced small plants.
Observation Flowers escaping low temperature and flowers at 23°C had high pod setting with high nitrogen.
Intervention effect High nitrogen prolonged the flowering period.
Intervention effect High nitrogen increased flower number.
Recommendation The authors infer high nitrogen favors more pods outside low-temperature-sensitive flowering.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Nitrogen application from before cold exposure through five days after it reduced fertile grain number, especially with early application.

Taxon: soybeansGlycine maxt0
Treatment: N supply from before the low temperature treatment, till five days after the end of the treatmente0
Outcome: grain numbere0
Direction: decreasee0
Comparator: N free plote1

Verbatim

e0
“N supply from before the low temperature treatment, till five days after the end of the treatment, resulted in a decrease in grain number, particularly, before the period of treatment and during the earlier period of N application, caused the greater decrease.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 2083–2343

e1
“N free plot”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1046–1057

t0
“soybeans”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 106–114

Title

Studies on the Cool Injury in Bean Plants : II. Effects of time and period of nitrogen application on the soybeans treated with low temperature before flowering

Koji HASHIMOTO; Tadashi YAMAMOTO Japanese Journal of Crop Science 1970. doi:10.1626/jcs.39.164

Other claims from this paper (9)

Association Nitrogen supply and temperature interacted significantly for pod set, ovule fertility and ovules per pod.
Intervention effect Nitrogen improved grain yield at normal temperature relative to no nitrogen.
Intervention effect Nitrogen at low temperature tended to reduce pod setting rate.
Intervention effect Nitrogen at low temperature tended to reduce ovule fertility.
Association Pod setting under low temperature was closely related to nitrogen application timing.
Intervention effect Nitrogen before or during the first five low temperature days significantly reduced pod setting relative to no nitrogen.
Observation Later nitrogen application caused less pod setting damage.
Intervention effect Pod setting did not differ between 100 ppm and 40 ppm nitrogen.
Intervention effect Nitrogen application reduced ovule fertility under low temperature.

“decrease of soybean injury”

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