Search claims · PlantClaims

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectnot significant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

AM did not significantly change microaggregates.

Taxon: PoplarPopulust0
Treatment: AM inoculationt1
Outcome: microaggregatese0
Direction: without significant changee0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“without significant change in microaggregates”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1513–1558

t0
“Poplar Seedlings”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 62–78

t1
“AM inoculation) experiment”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 317–343

Title

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Mitigate Nitrogen Leaching under Poplar Seedlings

Fengru Fang; Chunyan Wang; Fei Wu; et al. Forests 2020. doi:10.3390/f11030325

Other claims from this paper (15)

Intervention effect AM inoculation lowered leachate nitrate under optimum and high N, by 20.0% at high N.
Intervention effect AM inoculation lowered leachate ammonium under optimum and high N, by 67.5% at high N.
Association AM spore and vesicle morphology changed as N level increased.
Intervention effect AM increased root N concentration 11.7% at optimum N.
Intervention effect AM increased root N concentration 50.7% at high N, significantly.
Intervention effect AM slightly increased transpiration and root activity.
Intervention effect AM reduced root surface area and root length.
Intervention effect AM increased soil CEC and SOC.
Intervention effect AM significantly increased macroaggregate proportions.
Intervention effect AM increased soil total N 7.2% under optimum N.
Intervention effect AM increased soil total N 4.7% under high N.
Association Relative AM contributions to N leaching increased with N level.
Association Plant physiological and soil variable contributions decreased with rising N.
Association SOC contributed importantly to leachate NH4+ and total N.
Association Root N concentration contributed more to NO3−.

Associationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Mechanically stable microaggregates decreased with longer chili monoculture.

Taxon: chilit0
Treatment: monoculturet0
Outcome: microaggregatese0
Direction: decreasede0

Verbatim

e0
“mechanically stable macroaggregates increased and microaggregates decreased”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 585–660

t0
“chili monoculture”
✓ located after whitespace/quote normalisation · title, characters 10–27

Title

Long-Term Chili Monoculture Alters Environmental Variables Affecting the Dominant Microbial Community in Rhizosphere Soil

Wenjing Chen; Xiaodong Guo; Quanen Guo; et al. Frontiers in Microbiology 2021. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2021.681953

Other claims from this paper (7)

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

A. brasilense primarily formed microaggregates.

Taxon: black mangroveAvicennia germinanst0
Interactor: A. brasilenseAzospirillum brasilensee0symbiont
Outcome: microaggregatese0

Not reportedDirection

Verbatim

e0
“<it>A. brasilense</it> produced primarily microaggregates.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 422–480

t0
“black mangrove seedlings”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 29–53

Title

Root-surface colonization of black mangrove seedlings by Azospirillum halopraeferens and Azospirillum brasilense in seawater

M.Esther Puente; Gina Holguin; Bernard R. Glick; et al. FEMS Microbiology Ecology 1999. doi:10.1111/j.1574-6941.1999.tb00619.x

Other claims from this paper (9)

Intervention effect A. halopraeferens inoculation produced heavy black mangrove root-surface colonization.
Intervention effect A. brasilense inoculation produced heavy black mangrove root-surface colonization.
Observation A. halopraeferens mainly formed single cells embedded in a thick sheath.
Observation A. brasilense cells attached to root surfaces and each other via fibrillar material.
Observation Both bacterial strains survived in seawater for over 30 days at approximately 104 colony forming units per ml.
Observation A. brasilense survived for 70 days in saline water.
Observation Both strains colonized mangrove roots at high population density.
Observation A. halopraeferens was the better root-surface colonizer.
Observation A. brasilense had the larger population across the whole root.

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Microaggregates followed small macroaggregates in abundance.

Taxon: wheatTriticum aestivumt0
Outcome: microaggregatese0
Value: 18–37%e0

Verbatim

e0
“followed by microaggregates (0.053–0.25 mm, 18–37%).”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1360–1412

t0
“wheat”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 79–84

Title

Long-term effects of NPK fertiliser and manure on soil fertility and a sorghum–wheat farming system

M. C. Manna; A. Swarup; R. H. Wanjari; et al. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 2007. doi:10.1071/ea05105

Other claims from this paper (17)

Intervention effect Unbalanced inorganic N application had a significant negative yield trend in both crops.
Intervention effect NPK maintained crop yields.
Intervention effect NPK plus FYM maintained crop yields.
Intervention effect Soil organic C in unfertilized plots decreased 21.7% from initial value.
Intervention effect Total soil N in unfertilized plots decreased 18.2% from initial value.
Intervention effect Large macroaggregates were depleted by 22–81% under N, NP and unfertilized treatments relative to fallow.
Observation Small macroaggregates dominated aggregate size distribution across treatments.
Intervention effect Microbial biomass C, microbial biomass N, hot water soluble C and N, and acid hydrolysable carbohydrates were greater under NPK than control.
Intervention effect Active soil organic fractions were greater under NPK plus FYM than control.
Association Carbon and N mineralisation were greater in small macroaggregates than microaggregates.
Association Particulate organic matter C and N were significantly correlated with water-stable aggregate C and N.
Intervention effect POMC and POMN were significantly greater under NPK and NPK plus FYM than N and NP.
Association Microbial biomass C was positively correlated with acid-hydrolysable carbohydrates.
Intervention effect Cropping and fertilizer influenced humic and fulvic acid C fractions.
Association Acid-hydrolysable N proportion was greater in humic than fulvic acid and greatest under NPK plus FYM.
Intervention effect NPK plus FYM restored soil organic carbon to a new equilibrium earlier than N, NP or NPK.
Recommendation Integrated NPK and FYM is recommended for sustainable yield without soil deterioration.

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Microaggregates were higher under conventional tillage.

Taxon: rice–wheat systemt0
Treatment: CTe0
Outcome: microaggregatese0
Direction: highere0

Verbatim

e0
“microaggregates were higher under CT”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 883–919

t0
“rice–wheat system”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 52–69

Title

Soil physical environment and active carbon pool in rice–wheat system of South Asia: Impact of long-term conservation agriculture practices

Rishi Raj; T.K. Das; Debashis Chakraborty; et al. Environmental Technology & Innovation 2022. doi:10.1016/j.eti.2022.102966

Other claims from this paper (11)

Intervention effect CA5 had more soil aggregates than conventional tillage, double zero tillage and CA4.
Intervention effect CA5 had a higher proportion of large macroaggregates.
Intervention effect CA5 reduced soil bulk density at 0–5 cm by 9.9% compared with CT.
Observation Soil penetration resistance at 5–15 cm increased by 22.4% in CT.
Intervention effect CA5 increased soil infiltration rate relative to CT, reaching 58.4 cm h −1.
Intervention effect CA5 increased soil sorptivity relative to CT, reaching 239.5 cm h –1/2.
Intervention effect CA5 increased saturated hydraulic conductivity relative to CT, reaching 5.3 cm h −1.
Intervention effect Macroaggregate-associated active carbon pool at 0–5 cm was 106% higher under CA5 than CT.
Intervention effect Rice–wheat system productivity was 37.9% higher under CA5 than CT.
Intervention effect Net returns were 50.9% higher under CA5 than CT.
Recommendation The authors propose CA5 as an alternative to conventional PTR-CTW in the Indo-Gangetic Plains and similar South Asian settings.

Associationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Water-stable macroaggregates and microaggregates decreased with longer chili monoculture.

Taxon: chilit0
Treatment: monoculturet0
Outcome: water-stable macroaggregates and microaggregatese0
Direction: decreasede0

Verbatim

e0
“water-stable macroaggregates and microaggregates decreased”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 662–720

t0
“chili monoculture”
✓ located after whitespace/quote normalisation · title, characters 10–27

Title

Long-Term Chili Monoculture Alters Environmental Variables Affecting the Dominant Microbial Community in Rhizosphere Soil

Wenjing Chen; Xiaodong Guo; Quanen Guo; et al. Frontiers in Microbiology 2021. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2021.681953

Other claims from this paper (7)

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultsignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Sand-mix soil reduced the proportion of soil microaggregates.

Treatment: sand‐mix soile0
Outcome: proportion of microaggregatese0
Direction: decreasede0

Not reportedTaxonComparator

Verbatim

e0
“sand‐mix soil significantly decreased the proportion of microaggregates while increasing the proportion of macroaggregates”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 629–751

Title

Microbiological Mechanisms of Sand‐Mixed Soil Improvement in Continuously Cropped Soil

Yue Huang; Meng Jia; Xuanquan Zhu; et al. Land Degradation and Development 2026. doi:10.1002/ldr.70710

Other claims from this paper (7)

Intervention effect Sand-mix soil increased the proportion of soil macroaggregates.
Intervention effect Sand-mix soil lowered absolute levels of key soil nutrients.
Intervention effect Sand-mix soil increased the integrated soil fertility index.
Intervention effect Sand-mix soil boosted microbial diversity.
Intervention effect Sand-mix soil improved microbial network stability and resistance.
Intervention effect Sand-mix soil enriched potentially beneficial bacteria.
Mechanism Sand-mix soil promoted tobacco root growth directly and indirectly through physical, nutrient and microbial pathways.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Straw return markedly increased C and N retention in particulate organic matter within microaggregates (iPOM) and in mineral associated organic matter within microaggregates (intra-SC).

Taxon: maize–riceOryza sativa Zea mayse1
Treatment: straw returne2
Outcome: C and N retention in particulate organic matter in microaggregates (iPOM) and mineral associated organic matter within microaggregates (intra-SC)e2
Direction: markedly increasede2

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e1
“maize–rice rotation system”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 90–116

e2
“Furthermore, straw return markedly increased C and N retention in particulate organic matter in microaggregates (iPOM) and mineral associated organic matter within microaggregates (intra-SC), but significantly reduced in free mineral associated organic matter (free-SC) fraction”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1098–1376

Title

Straw return-enhanced soil carbon and nitrogen fractions and nitrogen use efficiency in a maize–rice rotation system

Yanwen Wang; Mingguang Qin; Ming Zhan; et al. Experimental Agriculture 2024. doi:10.1017/s001447972300025x

Other claims from this paper (12)

Intervention effect Straw return significantly increased soil mineralized nitrogen (Nmin) by 11.7% relative to the control.
Intervention effect Straw return significantly increased available P by 41.1% relative to the control.
Intervention effect Straw return significantly increased exchangeable K content by 17.4% relative to the control.
Intervention effect Straw return substantially increased soil dissolved organic C by 73.0%.
Intervention effect Straw return substantially increased soil microbial biomass C by 25.2%.
Intervention effect Straw return substantially increased soil microbial biomass N content by 36.8%.
Intervention effect Straw return significantly reduced C and N in the free mineral associated organic matter (free-SC) fraction.
Association Yield and the partial factor productivity of N were positively correlated with labile and slow soil C and N fractions in maize–rice rotation.
Intervention effect Straw incorporation significantly increased maize grain yield by 14.7%.
Intervention effect Straw incorporation significantly increased rice grain yield by 15.1%.
Intervention effect Straw return was estimated to reduce fertilizer-N application by 25.7% in the third year.
Recommendation The authors recommend straw incorporation to enhance soil nutrients and reduce N fertilizer application in subtropical maize–rice rotation.

Associationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Macroaggregates increased relative to microaggregates and clods.

Taxon: hairy vetchVicia villosae1
Outcome: macroaggregatese0
Direction: increasee0
Comparator: microaggregates and clodse0

Verbatim

e0
“a relative increase of macroaggregates at the expense of microaggregates and clods”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1299–1381

e1
“the legume hairy vetch (Vicia sativa)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 432–469

Title

Remediation of degraded arable steppe soils in Moldova using vetch as green manure

M. Wiesmeier; M. Lungu; R. Hübner; et al. Solid Earth 2015. doi:10.5194/se-6-609-2015

Other claims from this paper (5)

Intervention effect Incorporation of hairy vetch significantly increased soil organic carbon.
Intervention effect Hairy vetch increased aggregate-occluded and mineral-associated organic carbon.
Intervention effect Hairy vetch cover cropping sequestered around 3 t C per hectare per year.
Association Soil bulk density decreased with organic carbon buildup.
Intervention effect Subsequent main-crop yields rose around 20%.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Biochar increased stable microaggregates regardless of rate.

Taxon: Nageia nagiNageia nagit0
Treatment: Biochar amendmente0
Outcome: stable microaggregatese0
Direction: increasede0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“Biochar amendment, irrespective of rate, increased stable microaggregates (< 0.25 mm)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1300–1385

t0
“Nageia nagi after one year”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 707–733

Title

Biochar rate-dependent regulation of extended nitrogen supply by modifying stable aggregates-N and microbial responses

Muhammed Mustapha Ibrahim; Zhaofeng Chang; Zhimin Li; et al. Carbon Research 2023. doi:10.1007/s44246-023-00056-2

Other claims from this paper (19)

Intervention effect Biochar, especially at the higher rate, increased inorganic N concentration versus fertilizer alone.
Intervention effect Biochar, especially at the higher rate, increased some amino acids versus fertilizer alone.
Intervention effect Available N increased 16.5% with fertilizer versus control.
Intervention effect Available N increased 23.8% with FB1 versus control.
Intervention effect Available N increased 34.8% with FB2 versus control.
Intervention effect FB1 increased NH4+-N availability 28.1% versus fertilizer alone.
Intervention effect FB2 increased NH4+-N availability 32.8% versus fertilizer alone.
Intervention effect FB1 increased NO3−-N availability 15.2% versus fertilizer alone.
Intervention effect FB2 increased NO3−-N availability 21.8% versus fertilizer alone.
Intervention effect Control increased NO3−-N availability 20.8% versus fertilizer alone.
Intervention effect FB2 increased macro- and intermediate-aggregate N.
Intervention effect FB2 increased urease activity.
Observation FB2 had higher N supply capacity after one year.
Intervention effect N. nagi N content was 41.3% higher with FB2 than control.
Intervention effect N. nagi N content was 28.8% higher with FB1 than control.
Intervention effect N. nagi N content was 12.2% higher with fertilizer than control.
Intervention effect Biochar decreased bacterial species diversity.
Intervention effect Biochar increased the proportion of NH4+-oxidizers.
Mechanism Higher biochar rate could sustain higher N supply over longer periods.

“microaggregates”

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