Search claims · PlantClaims

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Cold shock significantly inhibited pitting incidence, pitting index and decay incidence.

Taxon: sweet cherryPrunus aviumt0
Treatment: CSTe0
Outcome: pitting incidence, pitting index, and decay incidencee0
Direction: inhibitede0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“CST significantly inhibited the increase in pitting incidence, pitting index, and decay incidence.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 381–479

t0
“sweet cherry”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 43–55

Title

Cold shock treatment alleviates pitting in sweet cherry fruit by enhancing antioxidant enzymes activity and regulating membrane lipid metabolism

Qingzhen Yang; Jie Hou; Feng Wang; et al. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 2024. doi:10.1002/jsfa.13802

Other claims from this paper (9)

Intervention effect Cold shock increased titratable acidity, firmness and soluble solids.
Intervention effect Cold shock prevented accumulation of superoxide anions, hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde.
Intervention effect Cold shock reduced cell membrane permeability.
Intervention effect Cold shock raised expression and activity of four antioxidant enzymes.
Intervention effect Cold shock reduced fruit membrane peroxidation.
Intervention effect Cold shock suppressed phospholipase and lipoxygenase activity.
Intervention effect Cold shock delayed the rise in saturated fatty acids.
Intervention effect Cold shock delayed the fall in unsaturated fatty acids.
Intervention effect Cold shock maintained a high unsaturated to saturated fatty acid ratio.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Petroleum oil significantly increased grapefruit pitting.

Taxon: grapefruitCitrus ×paradisie0
Treatment: Petroleum oile0
Outcome: pitting of grapefruite0
Direction: increasede0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“Petroleum oil, shellac wax, or shellac wax containing 10% vegetable oil significantly increased pitting of grapefruit.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 655–773

Title

Food oils reduce postharvest pitting and influence the storage quality of grapefruit

Huating Dou; Robert D. Hagenmaier; Zhiguo Ju; et al. Proceedings of the Florida State Horticultural Society 2002

Other claims from this paper (16)

Intervention effect Soybean oil followed by waxing yielded 2.3% postharvest pitting in Marsh grapefruit.
Intervention effect Petroleum oil followed by waxing yielded 62.5% pitting.
Intervention effect Shellac wax coating yielded 76.1% pitting.
Intervention effect Fruit decay showed no obvious difference among the first study treatments.
Intervention effect Soybean oil followed by shellac wax gave no postharvest pitting in the second study.
Intervention effect Canola oil followed by shellac wax gave no postharvest pitting.
Intervention effect Corn oil followed by shellac wax gave no postharvest pitting.
Intervention effect Shellac wax significantly increased grapefruit pitting.
Intervention effect Shellac wax containing 10% vegetable oil significantly increased grapefruit pitting.
Intervention effect Fruit weight loss did not differ significantly among second study treatments.
Intervention effect Fruit decay did not differ significantly among second study treatments.
Intervention effect All treatments lowered fruit internal oxygen concentration.
Observation Soybean oil treated fruit had 8.4% internal oxygen.
Observation Shellac waxed fruit had 5.1% internal oxygen, lower than soybean oil treated fruit.
Intervention effect Oil-wax emulsions did not improve pitting reduction.
Recommendation The authors conclude that proper food-oil application can control postharvest pitting in Marsh grapefruit.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Shellac wax significantly increased grapefruit pitting.

Taxon: grapefruitCitrus ×paradisie0
Treatment: shellac waxe0
Outcome: pitting of grapefruite0
Direction: increasede0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“Petroleum oil, shellac wax, or shellac wax containing 10% vegetable oil significantly increased pitting of grapefruit.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 655–773

Title

Food oils reduce postharvest pitting and influence the storage quality of grapefruit

Huating Dou; Robert D. Hagenmaier; Zhiguo Ju; et al. Proceedings of the Florida State Horticultural Society 2002

Other claims from this paper (16)

Intervention effect Soybean oil followed by waxing yielded 2.3% postharvest pitting in Marsh grapefruit.
Intervention effect Petroleum oil followed by waxing yielded 62.5% pitting.
Intervention effect Shellac wax coating yielded 76.1% pitting.
Intervention effect Fruit decay showed no obvious difference among the first study treatments.
Intervention effect Soybean oil followed by shellac wax gave no postharvest pitting in the second study.
Intervention effect Canola oil followed by shellac wax gave no postharvest pitting.
Intervention effect Corn oil followed by shellac wax gave no postharvest pitting.
Intervention effect Petroleum oil significantly increased grapefruit pitting.
Intervention effect Shellac wax containing 10% vegetable oil significantly increased grapefruit pitting.
Intervention effect Fruit weight loss did not differ significantly among second study treatments.
Intervention effect Fruit decay did not differ significantly among second study treatments.
Intervention effect All treatments lowered fruit internal oxygen concentration.
Observation Soybean oil treated fruit had 8.4% internal oxygen.
Observation Shellac waxed fruit had 5.1% internal oxygen, lower than soybean oil treated fruit.
Intervention effect Oil-wax emulsions did not improve pitting reduction.
Recommendation The authors conclude that proper food-oil application can control postharvest pitting in Marsh grapefruit.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Irrigation at 30% available soil moisture depletion significantly reduced pitting incidence.

Taxon: White Grapefruitt0
Treatment: irrigation at 30% ASMe0
Outcome: pitting incidencee0
Direction: reducede0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“The irrigation at 30% ASM significantly reduced pitting incidence.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 785–851

t0
“White Grapefruit”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 77–93

Title

617 Effects of Nitrogen, Potassium, and Irrigation on Postharvest Pitting of White Grapefruit

Huating Dou; Peter Petracek; Mohamed Ismail; et al. HortScience 1999. doi:10.21273/hortsci.34.3.554a

Other claims from this paper (2)

Intervention effect Optimal nitrogen and potassium rates lowered pitting incidence relative to low or high rates.
Association Pitting incidence was higher in the grove area with a higher water table.

Associationobservedoriginal resultsignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Mean ELISA optical density differed significantly between plants with and without stem pitting.

Taxon: CitrusCitrust0
Outcome: mean ODe0
Comparator: those plants with stem-pitting and those withoute0

Not reportedDirection

Verbatim

e0
“there is a significant difference in mean OD between those plants with stem-pitting and those without”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 554–655

t0
“Stem Pitting Strains of Citrus Tristeza Virus in Indonesia”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–58

Title

Stem Pitting Strains of Citrus Tristeza Virus in Indonesia

A. Muharam; A. M. Whittle International Organization of Citrus Virologists Conference Proceedings (1957-2010) 1991. doi:10.5070/c5160069w8

Other claims from this paper (4)

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Shellac wax containing 10% vegetable oil significantly increased grapefruit pitting.

Taxon: grapefruitCitrus ×paradisie0
Treatment: shellac wax containing 10% vegetable oile0
Outcome: pitting of grapefruite0
Direction: increasede0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“Petroleum oil, shellac wax, or shellac wax containing 10% vegetable oil significantly increased pitting of grapefruit.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 655–773

Title

Food oils reduce postharvest pitting and influence the storage quality of grapefruit

Huating Dou; Robert D. Hagenmaier; Zhiguo Ju; et al. Proceedings of the Florida State Horticultural Society 2002

Other claims from this paper (16)

Intervention effect Soybean oil followed by waxing yielded 2.3% postharvest pitting in Marsh grapefruit.
Intervention effect Petroleum oil followed by waxing yielded 62.5% pitting.
Intervention effect Shellac wax coating yielded 76.1% pitting.
Intervention effect Fruit decay showed no obvious difference among the first study treatments.
Intervention effect Soybean oil followed by shellac wax gave no postharvest pitting in the second study.
Intervention effect Canola oil followed by shellac wax gave no postharvest pitting.
Intervention effect Corn oil followed by shellac wax gave no postharvest pitting.
Intervention effect Petroleum oil significantly increased grapefruit pitting.
Intervention effect Shellac wax significantly increased grapefruit pitting.
Intervention effect Fruit weight loss did not differ significantly among second study treatments.
Intervention effect Fruit decay did not differ significantly among second study treatments.
Intervention effect All treatments lowered fruit internal oxygen concentration.
Observation Soybean oil treated fruit had 8.4% internal oxygen.
Observation Shellac waxed fruit had 5.1% internal oxygen, lower than soybean oil treated fruit.
Intervention effect Oil-wax emulsions did not improve pitting reduction.
Recommendation The authors conclude that proper food-oil application can control postharvest pitting in Marsh grapefruit.

Associationobservedoriginal resultnegativesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Grapefruit with smaller canopies and severe stem pitting differed significantly from plants with greater growth and milder pitting.

Taxon: grapefruitCitrus ×paradisit0
Interactor: Citrus tristeza virusCitrus tristeza virust1pathogen
Outcome: canopy volumee0
Direction: smallere0
Comparator: greater vegetative development and mild to moderate stem pittinge0

Verbatim

t0
“grapefruit (Citrus paradisi Macf.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 56–90

t1
“Citrus tristeza virus”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 20–41

e0
“the group of plants with smaller canopy volume and severe stem pitting differed significantly from the group that presented greater vegetative development and mild to moderate stem pitting.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 518–707

Title

Characterization of Citrus tristeza virus isolates from grapefruit (Citrus paradisi Macf.) accessions of Citrus Active Germplasm Bank

Maria Júlia Corazza-Nunes; Marcos Antonio Machado; Dagmar Ruth Stach-Machado; et al. Summa Phytopathologica 2006. doi:10.1590/s0100-54052006000400002

Other claims from this paper (6)

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Pitting suppressed bare ground relative to untreated sites.

Taxon: perennial forbs and annualse0
Treatment: pittinge0
Outcome: bare grounde0
Direction: suppressede0
Comparator: untreated sitese0

Verbatim

e0
“pitting had a significant positive effect on the cover of perennial forbs and annuals, and suppressed bare ground compared with untreated sites”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 559–702

Title

Pitting fails to sustain increases in ecosystem structure in arid rangelands

David J. Eldridge; Jingyi Ding Restoration Ecology 2023. doi:10.1111/rec.13929

Other claims from this paper (9)

Intervention effect Pitting increased perennial forb and annual cover relative to untreated sites.
Association Site conditions modified pitting effects.
Association Greater prior plant cover and rainfall increased the pitting effect on litter cover.
Association Time since treatment increased the relative pitting effect on annual plant cover.
Association Greater rainfall weakened the negative pitting effect on bare soil cover.
Intervention effect Soil moisture was generally greater beneath pits than in control or inter-pit soil.
Observation Pitting effects were generally short lived.
Recommendation The authors conclude that a single pitting treatment may fail to achieve long-term rehabilitation.
Observation The authors expect poor pitting success under current lower rainfall and higher temperature.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Shellac-based waxes significantly stimulated pitting of tangerine fruit.

Taxon: tangerinesCitrus reticulatat0
Treatment: shellac-based waxese4
Outcome: pittinge4
Direction: stimulatede4

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

t0
“Fallglo' Tangerines”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 39–58

e4
“Waxing with shellac-based waxes also significantly reduced post-packing degreening and stimulated pitting”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 834–939

Title

Wax Effects on Postharvest Storage of `Fallglo' Tangerines

Huating Dou; Peter D. Petracek HortScience 1997. doi:10.21273/hortsci.32.3.496c

Other claims from this paper (10)

Intervention effect Waxing reduced weight loss of tangerine fruit during storage.
Intervention effect Waxing improved the shine of tangerine fruit.
Intervention effect Shellac-based waxes decreased internal O 2 levels in tangerine fruit (5% vs. 19% in non-waxed fruit).
Intervention effect Shellac-based waxes increased internal CO 2 in tangerine fruit (6% vs. 2% in non-waxed fruit).
Intervention effect Shellac-based waxes increased ethanol levels in tangerine fruit.
Intervention effect Shellac-based waxes significantly reduced post-packing degreening of tangerine fruit.
Intervention effect More gas-permeable wax coatings resulted in less internal gas modification than shellac-based treatments.
Intervention effect More gas-permeable wax coatings gave low incidences of pitting in tangerine fruit.
Intervention effect Low oxygen controlled atmosphere inhibited post-packing degreening compared with high carbon dioxide.
Intervention effect Low oxygen controlled atmosphere stimulated pitting compared with high carbon dioxide.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Potassium significantly increased pitting across three trials.

Taxon: appleMalus domesticae1
Treatment: Potassiume0
Outcome: amount of pittinge0
Direction: increasinge0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“Potassium in the three trials was very detrimental, significantly increasing the amount of pitting”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 896–994

e1
“Cox's Orange apple trees”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 8–32

Title

Chemical investigations on bitter pit of apples

H. O. Askew; E. T. Chittenden; R. J. Monk; et al. New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research 1960. doi:10.1080/00288233.1960.10419868

Other claims from this paper (10)

Intervention effect Sprays altered fruit and leaf chemical composition.
Observation Fruit and leaves changed in composition and dry matter from mid January to harvest.
Intervention effect Calcium spray significantly reduced bitter pit at Annesbrook in one season.
Intervention effect Calcium was not significantly beneficial in the second season.
Intervention effect Calcium gave the best but nonsignificant result at Moutere Hills in the second season.
Intervention effect Sodium was detrimental for apple bitter pit.
Intervention effect magnesium was detrimental for apple bitter pit.
Association Higher fruit dry matter, ash and K/Ca ratio were associated with more bitter pit.
Method / resource Leader-leaf chemical data appeared more useful for diagnosis than spur-leaf data.
Association High leader-leaf calcium content and Ca/K ratio were associated with less fruit bitter pit.

“pitting”

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