V2 54 claims

2 spellings

Literal values, not normalised. 326,269 distinct spellings cover 898,882 claims; only letter case and spacing are merged, so “maize”, “corn” and “Zea mays L.” are three separate entries here.

Functional evidence on V2

Claims that state a gain or loss of function of this gene and what it did to a trait, compared with wild type or a control.

V2 · Open in the knowledge graph

Nicotiana benthamiana1 paper · 1 traitTested in one paper only

Only one paper in the store tests this gene's function in Nicotiana benthamiana.

Disease resistance1 paper

Restrains
V2 mutation severely reduced PeLCV infectivity.
Analysis of the effects of the mutation of selected genes of pedilanthus leaf curl virus on infectivity, symptoms and the maintenance of tobacco leaf curl betasatellite · 2022
loss of function → more of the trait

The program reads each claim's manipulation and the direction of the trait, and from them the gene's role (gain and more, or loss and less, means it promotes the trait). Roles are read by program from each claim's wording. Pairs of papers on the same host, gene and trait were checked claim by claim by two model readers; a pair is marked checked only when both accept it. Gene layer v0.8, 21 trait classes.

54 claims

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Mechanismobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Both initiation codons were necessary for V2 suppression of TGS and PTGS.

Taxon: tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
Gene: V2e0
Outcome: suppression of transcriptional gene silencing (TGS) and post-transcriptional gene silencing (PTGS)e0

Verbatim

e0
“Both initiation codons were essential for V2-mediated suppression of transcriptional gene silencing (TGS) and post-transcriptional gene silencing (PTGS).”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1038–1191

t0
“Tomato”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 76–82

Title

Functional Characterization of Dual-Initiation Codon-Derived V2 Proteins in Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus

Zhiyuan Wang; Pan Gong; Siwen Zhao; et al. Agronomy 2025. doi:10.3390/agronomy15071726

Other claims from this paper (6)

Observation V2-1 and V2-2 were expressed in infected Nicotiana benthamiana and tomato.
Intervention effect Loss of V2-1 severely reduced viral pathogenicity and genome accumulation.
Intervention effect V2-2 deletion attenuated symptoms while infection remained.
Intervention effect V2-1 deletion yielded lower viral DNA and coat protein levels in N. benthamiana than tomato.
Observation Mutant viruses declined progressively in tomato.
Intervention effect Coexpression of both isoforms induced systemic necrosis in N. benthamiana.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

A silencing-suppressor V2 mutant failed to boost PVX titre.

Taxon: Nicotiana benthamianaNicotiana benthamianae0
Treatment: silencing suppressor mutant V2e1
Interactor: PVXPotato virus Xe1pathogen
Gene: V2e1
Outcome: PVX titree1
Direction: failed to booste1

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“Nicotiana benthamiana plants”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 706–734

e1
“the silencing suppressor mutant V2 failed to boost the PVX titre.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1603–1668

Title

Begomoviral pre-coat protein boosts potato virus X in mixed infection through interfering with antiviral RNAi response

Dibyendu Ghosh; M. Malavika; Pratibha Rawat; et al. Virology Journal 2025. doi:10.1186/s12985-025-03005-0

Other claims from this paper (7)

Mechanism PepLCBV V2 promotes PVX accumulation.
Intervention effect Mixed PVX and PepLCBV infection aggravated PVX symptoms and increased titre relative to PVX alone.
Intervention effect PepLCBV without V2 did not increase PVX symptoms.
Observation PepLCBV V2 suppresses post-transcriptional gene silencing.
Observation PepLCBV V2 interacts with NbSGS3.
Intervention effect Silencing NbSGS3 facilitated PVX pathogenesis.
Observation Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus showed a similar association with PVX in N. benthamiana and tomato.

Mechanismobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Complementation confirms that the decreased MCLV accumulation in protoplasts is due to the absence of V2 expression.

Taxon: Nicotiana benthamianaNicotiana benthamianae0
Interactor: MCLVMulberry crinkle leaf viruse1pathogen
Gene: V2e1
Outcome: decreased accumulation of MCLV in the protoplastse1
Qualifier: complementation experimente1

Verbatim

e0
“the accumulation of MCLVmV2 and MCLVdV2 in protoplasts of Nicotiana benthamiana plants was significantly lower than that of MCLVWT either 24 h or 48 h post-transfection”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 853–1021

e1
“A complementation experiment further confirmed that the decreased accumulation of MCLV in the protoplasts was due to the absence of V2 expression”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1023–1168

Title

V2 Protein Enhances the Replication of Genomic DNA of Mulberry Crinkle Leaf Virus

Zhen-Ni Yin; Pei-Yu Han; Tao-Tao Han; et al. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2024. doi:10.3390/ijms251910521

Other claims from this paper (4)

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Serine substitution of V22 V2 Val27 significantly increased disease severity in Nicotiana benthamiana.

Taxon: Nicotiana benthamianaNicotiana benthamianae6
Treatment: Serine substitution of V22 V2 Val27e3
Interactor: tomato curly stunt virusTomato curly stunt virust0pathogen
Gene: V2e3
Outcome: disease severitye3
Direction: increasee3

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e3
“Serine substitution of V22 V2 Val27 resulted in a significant increase in disease severity with reduced recovery”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 778–890

e6
“in the model host Nicotiana benthamiana”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 378–417

t0
“tomato curly stunt virus”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 87–111

Title

Differences in the 3’ intergenic region and the V2 protein of two sequence variants of tomato curly stunt virus play an important role in disease pathology in Nicotiana benthamiana

Alexander M. Zwolinski; Alison Brigden; Marie E. C. Rey PLoS ONE 2023. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0286149

Other claims from this paper (9)

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

C5 associated with V2 in the cytoplasm and plasmodesmata.

Taxon: Nicotiana benthamianaNicotiana benthamianae1
Gene: V2e0
Outcome: with V2 in the cytoplasm and at PDe0

Not reportedDirection

Verbatim

e0
“with V2 in the cytoplasm and at PD”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 938–972

t0
“Geminivirus C5 proteins mediate formation of virus complexes at plasmodesmata for viral intercellular movement”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–110

e1
“Nicotiana benthamiana”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 421–442

Title

Geminivirus C5 proteins mediate formation of virus complexes at plasmodesmata for viral intercellular movement

Siwen Zhao; Pan Gong; Jie Liu; et al. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023. doi:10.1093/plphys/kiad338

Other claims from this paper (10)

Observation TYLCV C5 anchors to plasmodesmata after nuclear trafficking along microfilaments.
Observation C5 moved between cells and partly complemented movement of the TuMV mutant.
Intervention effect TYLCV C5 null mutation attenuated viral pathogenicity.
Intervention effect TYLCV C5 null mutation decreased viral DNA and protein accumulation.
Intervention effect C5 overexpression enhanced viral DNA accumulation.
Observation C5 associated with C2 in the nucleus.
Observation V2 alone localized mainly to nucleus and cytoplasmic granules.
Observation V2 formed punctate granules at plasmodesmata with C5 coexpression or TYLCV infection.
Mechanism V2 and C5 interaction facilitated their nuclear export.
Observation C5 mediated V2 localization at plasmodesmata was conserved in two other geminiviruses.

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

V2 alone localized mainly to nucleus and cytoplasmic granules.

Taxon: Nicotiana benthamianaNicotiana benthamianae1
Gene: V2e0
Outcome: localized in the nucleus and cytoplasmic granulese0

Not reportedDirection

Verbatim

e0
“The V2 protein is mainly localized in the nucleus and cytoplasmic granules when expressed alone”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 974–1069

t0
“Geminivirus C5 proteins mediate formation of virus complexes at plasmodesmata for viral intercellular movement”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–110

e1
“Nicotiana benthamiana”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 421–442

Title

Geminivirus C5 proteins mediate formation of virus complexes at plasmodesmata for viral intercellular movement

Siwen Zhao; Pan Gong; Jie Liu; et al. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023. doi:10.1093/plphys/kiad338

Other claims from this paper (10)

Observation TYLCV C5 anchors to plasmodesmata after nuclear trafficking along microfilaments.
Observation C5 moved between cells and partly complemented movement of the TuMV mutant.
Intervention effect TYLCV C5 null mutation attenuated viral pathogenicity.
Intervention effect TYLCV C5 null mutation decreased viral DNA and protein accumulation.
Intervention effect C5 overexpression enhanced viral DNA accumulation.
Observation C5 associated with C2 in the nucleus.
Observation C5 associated with V2 in the cytoplasm and plasmodesmata.
Observation V2 formed punctate granules at plasmodesmata with C5 coexpression or TYLCV infection.
Mechanism V2 and C5 interaction facilitated their nuclear export.
Observation C5 mediated V2 localization at plasmodesmata was conserved in two other geminiviruses.

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

V2 formed punctate granules at plasmodesmata with C5 coexpression or TYLCV infection.

Taxon: Nicotiana benthamianaNicotiana benthamianae1
Gene: V2e0
Outcome: small punctate granules at PDe0

Not reportedDirection

Verbatim

e0
“V2 forms small punctate granules at PD when co-expressed with C5 or in TYLCV-infected cells”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1084–1175

t0
“Geminivirus C5 proteins mediate formation of virus complexes at plasmodesmata for viral intercellular movement”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–110

e1
“Nicotiana benthamiana”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 421–442

Title

Geminivirus C5 proteins mediate formation of virus complexes at plasmodesmata for viral intercellular movement

Siwen Zhao; Pan Gong; Jie Liu; et al. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023. doi:10.1093/plphys/kiad338

Other claims from this paper (10)

Observation TYLCV C5 anchors to plasmodesmata after nuclear trafficking along microfilaments.
Observation C5 moved between cells and partly complemented movement of the TuMV mutant.
Intervention effect TYLCV C5 null mutation attenuated viral pathogenicity.
Intervention effect TYLCV C5 null mutation decreased viral DNA and protein accumulation.
Intervention effect C5 overexpression enhanced viral DNA accumulation.
Observation C5 associated with C2 in the nucleus.
Observation C5 associated with V2 in the cytoplasm and plasmodesmata.
Observation V2 alone localized mainly to nucleus and cytoplasmic granules.
Mechanism V2 and C5 interaction facilitated their nuclear export.
Observation C5 mediated V2 localization at plasmodesmata was conserved in two other geminiviruses.

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

C5 mediated V2 localization at plasmodesmata was conserved in two other geminiviruses.

Taxon: Nicotiana benthamianaNicotiana benthamianae1
Gene: V2e0
Outcome: PD localization of V2e0
Qualifier: two other geminivirusese0

Not reportedDirection

Verbatim

e0
“C5-mediated PD localization of V2 is conserved in two other geminiviruses”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1258–1331

t0
“Geminivirus C5 proteins mediate formation of virus complexes at plasmodesmata for viral intercellular movement”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–110

e1
“Nicotiana benthamiana”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 421–442

Title

Geminivirus C5 proteins mediate formation of virus complexes at plasmodesmata for viral intercellular movement

Siwen Zhao; Pan Gong; Jie Liu; et al. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023. doi:10.1093/plphys/kiad338

Other claims from this paper (10)

Observation TYLCV C5 anchors to plasmodesmata after nuclear trafficking along microfilaments.
Observation C5 moved between cells and partly complemented movement of the TuMV mutant.
Intervention effect TYLCV C5 null mutation attenuated viral pathogenicity.
Intervention effect TYLCV C5 null mutation decreased viral DNA and protein accumulation.
Intervention effect C5 overexpression enhanced viral DNA accumulation.
Observation C5 associated with C2 in the nucleus.
Observation C5 associated with V2 in the cytoplasm and plasmodesmata.
Observation V2 alone localized mainly to nucleus and cytoplasmic granules.
Observation V2 formed punctate granules at plasmodesmata with C5 coexpression or TYLCV infection.
Mechanism V2 and C5 interaction facilitated their nuclear export.

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

V2 associates with the endoplasmic reticulum in Nicotiana benthamiana.

Taxon: Nicotiana benthamianaNicotiana benthamianae1
Interactor: Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl VirusTomato yellow leaf curl virust0pathogen
Gene: V2e1
Outcome: association of V2 to the ERe1

Verbatim

t0
“V2 Protein from the Geminivirus Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 4–65

e1
“Here, we confirm the association of V2 to the ER in Nicotiana benthamiana”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 997–1070

Title

The V2 Protein from the Geminivirus Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus Largely Associates to the Endoplasmic Reticulum and Promotes the Accumulation of the Viral C4 Protein in a Silencing Suppression-Independent Manner

Liping Wang; Pengfei Fan; Tamara Jimenez-Gongora; et al. Viruses 2022. doi:10.3390/v14122804

Other claims from this paper (4)

Intervention effect V2 had no obvious influence on the localization of ER-synthesized receptor-like kinases.
Intervention effect V2 had no obvious influence on ER quality control or ER-associated degradation.
Intervention effect V2 dramatically enhanced the accumulation of the viral C4 protein.
Mechanism The enhancement of C4 accumulation by V2 is independent of its silencing suppression activity.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

V2 had no obvious influence on the localization of ER-synthesized receptor-like kinases.

Taxon: Nicotiana benthamianaNicotiana benthamianae1
Treatment: V2e2
Gene: V2e2
Outcome: localization of ER-synthesized receptor-like kinasese2
Direction: no obvious influencee2

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e1
“Here, we confirm the association of V2 to the ER in Nicotiana benthamiana”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 997–1070

e2
“V2 has no obvious influence on the localization of ER-synthesized receptor-like kinases (RLKs) or ER quality control (ERQC)/ER-associated degradation (ERAD)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1193–1349

Title

Liping Wang; Pengfei Fan; Tamara Jimenez-Gongora; et al. Viruses 2022. doi:10.3390/v14122804

Other claims from this paper (4)

Observation V2 associates with the endoplasmic reticulum in Nicotiana benthamiana.
Intervention effect V2 had no obvious influence on ER quality control or ER-associated degradation.
Intervention effect V2 dramatically enhanced the accumulation of the viral C4 protein.
Mechanism The enhancement of C4 accumulation by V2 is independent of its silencing suppression activity.