By interacting organism › Bacteria › Rhizobiaceae › Sinorhizobium medicae

Mechanismobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

NodD specificity was determined by pocket shape and specific amino acids.

Taxon: Medicago truncatulaMedicago truncatulae0
Interactor: Sinorhizobium medicaeSinorhizobium medicaee0symbiont
Gene: NodD1e0
Outcome: this specificitye0
Qualifier: shape of the pocket and by specific amino acidse0

Verbatim

e0
“Comparative studies with NodD1 of Sinorhizobium medicae , the symbiont of Medicago truncatula , revealed that this specificity is determined by the shape of the pocket and by specific amino acids.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 385–581

Title

The molecular basis of the binding and specific activation of rhizobial NodD by flavonoids

Yiting Ruan; Shangzhi Dong; Suyu Jiang; et al. Science 2026. doi:10.1126/science.aec3061

Other claims from this paper (2)

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

A chimeric NodD complemented nitrogen fixation in Medicago truncatula by an S. medicae nodD1 mutant.

Taxon: M. truncatulaMedicago truncatulae0
Treatment: A chimeric NodD containing the flavonoid recognition residues from S. medicae NodD1 in the R. leguminosarum NodD backbonee0
Interactor: S. medicaeSinorhizobium medicaee0symbiont
Gene: chimeric NodDe0
Outcome: nitrogen fixation in M. truncatulae0
Direction: complemente0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“A chimeric NodD containing the flavonoid recognition residues from S. medicae NodD1 in the R. leguminosarum NodD backbone was sufficient to complement nitrogen fixation in M. truncatula by an S. medicae nodD1 mutant”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 582–797

Title

The molecular basis of the binding and specific activation of rhizobial NodD by flavonoids

Yiting Ruan; Shangzhi Dong; Suyu Jiang; et al. Science 2026. doi:10.1126/science.aec3061

Other claims from this paper (2)

Observationauthor interpretationoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Early nodule senescence was common across ineffective Medicago truncatula-Sinorhizobium medicae interactions despite different mutations.

Taxon: Medicago truncatulaMedicago truncatulat0
Interactor: Sinorhizobium medicaeSinorhizobium medicaee0symbiont
Outcome: early nodule senescencee0
Qualifier: independent of the specific genetic mutatione0

Verbatim

e0
“early nodule senescence is a common feature of ineffective M. truncatula-Sinorhizobium medicae interactions, independent of the specific genetic mutation”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1478–1631

t0
“Medicago truncatula”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 53–72

Title

Diverse triggers, common outcome: Senescence in Fix⁻ Medicago truncatula nodules

Pál, Alexandra; Lima, Rui; Tiricz, Hilda; et al. Repository of the Academy's Library (Library of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences) 2025

Other claims from this paper (10)

Observation All five Fix⁻ mutants showed a rapid decline in NifH expression.
Observation All Fix⁻ mutants showed early degradation of bacteroids and symbiotic cells.
Observation Saprophytic rhizobia recolonized nodules in the mutants.
Observation The mutant nodules had premature endodermis closure.
Observation Post-mitotic differentiation of symbiotic cells was impaired in the mutants.
Observation Senescence marker genes CP2, CP6 and CHITINASE 2 were upregulated in the mutants.
Observation The senescence marker PAP22 was upregulated in the mutants.
Observation Symbiotic maintenance genes DNF2, SymCRK and RSD were not upregulated.
Observation Defense-related PR10.1 was not upregulated.
Mechanism The authors infer that proteolytic activity, rather than immune response, primarily drives premature senescence.

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Medicago lupulina was the only species whose nodules hosted all four rhizobial groups, including S. medicae.

Taxon: Medicago lupulinaMedicago lupulinae4
Interactor: S. medicaeSinorhizobium medicaee4symbiont
Outcome: hosted all four identified rhizobial groupse4

Verbatim

e4
“Medicago lupulina was the only species that hosted all four identified rhizobial groups, including S. medicae”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1008–1117

Title

Nodules of Medicago spp. Host a Diverse Community of Rhizobial Species in Natural Ecosystems

Andrei Stefan; Jannick Van Cauwenberghe; Craita Maria Rosu; et al. Agronomy 2024. doi:10.3390/agronomy14092156

Other claims from this paper (8)

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

A Medicago receptor-like kinase restricts infection by most S. medicae strains and discriminates between the two rhizobial species.

Taxon: MedicagoMedicagoe0
Interactor: S. medicaeSinorhizobium medicaee0symbiont
Gene: receptor–like kinasee0
Outcome: infection by most S. medicae strainse0
Qualifier: can discriminate between the two bacterial speciese0

Verbatim

e0
“We have identified a Medicago receptor–like kinase, which can discriminate between the two bacterial species, acting as a genetic barrier against infection by most S. medicae strains”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 344–526

Title

Species-specific microsymbiont discrimination mediated by a Medicago receptor kinase

Xiaocheng Yu; Jinge Liu; Qiulin Qin; et al. Science Advances 2024. doi:10.1126/sciadv.adp6436

Other claims from this paper (2)

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Distinct variants of the bacterial glycine-rich octapeptide repeat protein distinguish S. medicae from S. meliloti.

Taxon: MedicagoMedicagoe0
Interactor: S. medicaeSinorhizobium medicaee1symbiont
Gene: glycine-rich octapeptide repeat proteine1
Outcome: distinguishing S. medicae from S. melilotie1
Qualifier: distinct variantse1

Verbatim

e0
“We have identified a Medicago receptor–like kinase, which can discriminate between the two bacterial species, acting as a genetic barrier against infection by most S. medicae strains”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 344–526

e1
“Activation of this receptor-mediated nodulation restriction requires a bacterial gene that encodes a glycine-rich octapeptide repeat protein with distinct variants capable of distinguishing S. medicae from S. meliloti”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 528–745

Title

Species-specific microsymbiont discrimination mediated by a Medicago receptor kinase

Xiaocheng Yu; Jinge Liu; Qiulin Qin; et al. Science Advances 2024. doi:10.1126/sciadv.adp6436

Other claims from this paper (2)

Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The Sinorhizobium medicae NodD1 bioreporter responded most strongly to DHMC.

Taxon: Medicago truncatulaMedicago truncatulae2
Interactor: Sinorhizobium medicaeSinorhizobium medicaee1symbiont
Compound: DHMCe0
Outcome: bioreporter respondede0
Direction: most stronglye0

Verbatim

e0
“The bioreporter responded most strongly to DHMC”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 564–611

e1
“Sinorhizobium medicae NodD1”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 376–403

e2
“nodulation of Medicago truncatula”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 193–226

Title

Methylated chalcones are required for rhizobial nod gene induction in the Medicago truncatula rhizosphere

Wenjuan Wu; Yuxin Zhuang; Dasong Chen; et al. New Phytologist 2024. doi:10.1111/nph.19701

Other claims from this paper (9)

Observation ChOMT1 and ChOMT3 produced DHMC.
Observation OMT2, OMT4 and OMT5 did not produce DHMC.
Observation Soybean-associated isoflavones showed no bioreporter activity.
Intervention effect Loss of ChOMT1 strongly reduced DHMC levels.
Intervention effect The chomt1 mutant had strongly reduced rhizosphere bioreporter luminescence.
Intervention effect The omt2 mutant had strongly reduced rhizosphere bioreporter luminescence.
Intervention effect Combined loss of ChOMT1 and ChOMT3 reduced nodulation.
Intervention effect Additional loss of OMT2 strengthened the reduced nodulation phenotype.
Mechanism The authors infer flavonoid use for nodulation differs between M. truncatula and soybean and may shape rhizobial host range.

Observationobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Soybean-associated isoflavones showed no bioreporter activity.

Taxon: Glycine maxGlycine maxe0
Interactor: Sinorhizobium medicaeSinorhizobium medicaee1symbiont
Compound: isoflavonese0
Outcome: activitye0
Direction: no activitye0

Verbatim

e0
“isoflavones important for nodulation of soybean (Glycine max) showed no activity”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 619–699

e1
“Sinorhizobium medicae NodD1”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 376–403

Title

Methylated chalcones are required for rhizobial nod gene induction in the Medicago truncatula rhizosphere

Wenjuan Wu; Yuxin Zhuang; Dasong Chen; et al. New Phytologist 2024. doi:10.1111/nph.19701

Other claims from this paper (9)

Observation ChOMT1 and ChOMT3 produced DHMC.
Observation OMT2, OMT4 and OMT5 did not produce DHMC.
Observation The Sinorhizobium medicae NodD1 bioreporter responded most strongly to DHMC.
Intervention effect Loss of ChOMT1 strongly reduced DHMC levels.
Intervention effect The chomt1 mutant had strongly reduced rhizosphere bioreporter luminescence.
Intervention effect The omt2 mutant had strongly reduced rhizosphere bioreporter luminescence.
Intervention effect Combined loss of ChOMT1 and ChOMT3 reduced nodulation.
Intervention effect Additional loss of OMT2 strengthened the reduced nodulation phenotype.
Mechanism The authors infer flavonoid use for nodulation differs between M. truncatula and soybean and may shape rhizobial host range.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The chomt1 mutant had strongly reduced rhizosphere bioreporter luminescence.

Taxon: Medicago truncatulaMedicago truncatulae1
Material: chomt1e0
Treatment: chomt1e0
Interactor: Sinorhizobium medicaeSinorhizobium medicaee2symbiont
Outcome: bioreporter luminescencee0
Direction: strongly reducede0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“chomt1 and omt2 showed strongly reduced bioreporter luminescence in their rhizospheres”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 789–875

e1
“nodulation of Medicago truncatula”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 193–226

e2
“Sinorhizobium medicae NodD1”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 376–403

Title

Methylated chalcones are required for rhizobial nod gene induction in the Medicago truncatula rhizosphere

Wenjuan Wu; Yuxin Zhuang; Dasong Chen; et al. New Phytologist 2024. doi:10.1111/nph.19701

Other claims from this paper (9)

Observation ChOMT1 and ChOMT3 produced DHMC.
Observation OMT2, OMT4 and OMT5 did not produce DHMC.
Observation The Sinorhizobium medicae NodD1 bioreporter responded most strongly to DHMC.
Observation Soybean-associated isoflavones showed no bioreporter activity.
Intervention effect Loss of ChOMT1 strongly reduced DHMC levels.
Intervention effect The omt2 mutant had strongly reduced rhizosphere bioreporter luminescence.
Intervention effect Combined loss of ChOMT1 and ChOMT3 reduced nodulation.
Intervention effect Additional loss of OMT2 strengthened the reduced nodulation phenotype.
Mechanism The authors infer flavonoid use for nodulation differs between M. truncatula and soybean and may shape rhizobial host range.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The omt2 mutant had strongly reduced rhizosphere bioreporter luminescence.

Taxon: Medicago truncatulaMedicago truncatulae1
Material: omt2e0
Treatment: omt2e0
Interactor: Sinorhizobium medicaeSinorhizobium medicaee2symbiont
Outcome: bioreporter luminescencee0
Direction: strongly reducede0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“chomt1 and omt2 showed strongly reduced bioreporter luminescence in their rhizospheres”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 789–875

e1
“nodulation of Medicago truncatula”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 193–226

e2
“Sinorhizobium medicae NodD1”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 376–403

Title

Methylated chalcones are required for rhizobial nod gene induction in the Medicago truncatula rhizosphere

Wenjuan Wu; Yuxin Zhuang; Dasong Chen; et al. New Phytologist 2024. doi:10.1111/nph.19701

Other claims from this paper (9)

Observation ChOMT1 and ChOMT3 produced DHMC.
Observation OMT2, OMT4 and OMT5 did not produce DHMC.
Observation The Sinorhizobium medicae NodD1 bioreporter responded most strongly to DHMC.
Observation Soybean-associated isoflavones showed no bioreporter activity.
Intervention effect Loss of ChOMT1 strongly reduced DHMC levels.
Intervention effect The chomt1 mutant had strongly reduced rhizosphere bioreporter luminescence.
Intervention effect Combined loss of ChOMT1 and ChOMT3 reduced nodulation.
Intervention effect Additional loss of OMT2 strengthened the reduced nodulation phenotype.
Mechanism The authors infer flavonoid use for nodulation differs between M. truncatula and soybean and may shape rhizobial host range.

Sinorhizobium medicae 106 claims

106 claims