By organism › Green plants › Salicaceae › Populus fremontii

Observationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

P. fremontii had a growth decline of -32%.

Taxon: P. fremontiiPopulus fremontiie0
Outcome: growthe0
Direction: declinee0
Value: -32%e0

Verbatim

e0
“the fastest growing species, P. trichocarpa , experienced a much greater decline in growth (-67%) compared to P. fremontii (-32%) and P. x perryi (-31%).”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1534–1687

Title

Legacy effects of imazapyr soil residues on riparian forest reestablishment after giant reed ( Arundo donax L.) removal

Adam M. Lambert; Jared Williams; Kelly L. Kerr; et al. Invasive Plant Science and Management 2026. doi:10.1017/inp.2026.10052

Other claims from this paper (8)

Intervention effect Tree species showed herbicide damage more than two years after imazapyr application.
Observation All monitored species exhibited herbicide damage and damaged individuals were significantly shorter than healthy ones.
Observation Salix Laevigata had the greatest damage frequency, 27%.
Observation Salix Laevigata had the smallest height reduction, -13%.
Observation Populus species had similar damage frequency of 13%.
Observation P. trichocarpa, the fastest-growing species, had a growth decline of -67%.
Observation P. x perryi had a growth decline of -31%.
Recommendation Practitioners should consider persistent imazapyr effects in species selection and planting schedules.

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

P. fremontii maintained Delta 13C at pre-drought levels up until the peak of the drought.

Taxon: P . fremontiiPopulus fremontiie1
Outcome: ∆ 13 Ce1
Qualifier: up until the peak of the droughte1

Verbatim

e1
“P . fremontii maintained ∆ 13 C at pre‐drought levels up until the peak of the drought”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1248–1334

Title

Seasonal and Species‐Level Water‐Use Strategies and Groundwater Dependence in Dryland Riparian Woodlands During Extreme Drought

Jared Williams; John C. Stella; Michael Bliss Singer; et al. Water Resources Research 2024. doi:10.1029/2023wr035928

Other claims from this paper (6)

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

P. fremontii showed a precipitous decline in Delta 13C at the peak of the drought.

Taxon: P . fremontiiPopulus fremontiie1
Outcome: ∆ 13 Ce2
Qualifier: precipitous declinee2

Verbatim

e1
“P . fremontii maintained ∆ 13 C at pre‐drought levels up until the peak of the drought”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1248–1334

e2
“when trees experienced a precipitous decline in ∆ 13 C”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1336–1390

Title

Seasonal and Species‐Level Water‐Use Strategies and Groundwater Dependence in Dryland Riparian Woodlands During Extreme Drought

Jared Williams; John C. Stella; Michael Bliss Singer; et al. Water Resources Research 2024. doi:10.1029/2023wr035928

Other claims from this paper (6)

Associationauthor interpretationoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

P. fremontii used a greater proportion of groundwater in more arid river segments.

Taxon: P . fremontiiPopulus fremontiie5
Outcome: proportion of groundwatere5
Direction: greatere5
Qualifier: to satisfy higher evaporative demande5
Setting: more arid river segmentse5

Verbatim

e5
“P . fremontii was constrained to more arid river segments and ostensibly used a greater proportion of groundwater to satisfy higher evaporative demand”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1096–1246

Title

Seasonal and Species‐Level Water‐Use Strategies and Groundwater Dependence in Dryland Riparian Woodlands During Extreme Drought

Jared Williams; John C. Stella; Michael Bliss Singer; et al. Water Resources Research 2024. doi:10.1029/2023wr035928

Other claims from this paper (6)

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

P. fremontii formed AM and ECM associations simultaneously.

Taxon: P. fremontiiPopulus fremontiie0
Outcome: formed AM and ECM associations simultaneouslye0

Verbatim

e0
“P. fremontii formed AM and ECM associations simultaneously”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 764–822

Title

Variation of root functional traits indicates flexible below‐ground economic strategies of the riparian tree species Populus fremontii

Elena A. Schaefer; Catherine A. Gehring; Richard P. Phillips; et al. Functional Ecology 2024. doi:10.1111/1365-2435.14628

Other claims from this paper (7)

Association Garden location primarily determined dominant mycorrhizal type.
Observation Low elevation garden trees were primarily colonized by AM fungi.
Observation High elevation garden trees were primarily colonized by ECM fungi.
Association AM colonization was negatively related to specific root length in the low elevation garden.
Association ECM colonization was negatively related to root tissue density in the high elevation garden.
Observation Other root economic traits were similar across mycorrhizal types.
Observation Relationships among root traits differed between gardens.

Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

With sufficient water, all genotypes cooled leaves 2 to 5 °C below air.

Taxon: Populus fremontiiPopulus fremontiie1
Outcome: cooled leavese0
Direction: belowe0
Value: 2 to 5 °Ce0

Verbatim

e0
“When water was not limiting, all genotypes cooled leaves 2 to 5 °C below air temperatures”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 427–516

e1
“Populus fremontii”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 296–313

Title

Intensive leaf cooling promotes tree survival during a record heatwave

Bradley C. Posch; Susan E. Bush; Dan F. Koepke; et al. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2024. doi:10.1073/pnas.2408583121

Other claims from this paper (8)

Intervention effect A 72-h soil water reduction disrupted homeothermic cooling for weeks.
Intervention effect After water reduction, leaves rose 3 °C above air temperature.
Intervention effect After water reduction, leaves rose 1.3 °C above physiological damage thresholds.
Intervention effect Water stress had little effect on leaf water potential.
Association Leaf thermal and hydraulic safety exhibited tradeoffs.
Intervention effect All genotypes had significant leaf mortality after water stress regardless of water strategy.
Association Warmer-climate genotypes cooled leaves more than cooler-climate genotypes.
Association Warmer-climate genotypes had less leaf mortality after water stress than cooler-climate genotypes.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

A 72-h soil water reduction disrupted homeothermic cooling for weeks.

Taxon: Populus fremontiiPopulus fremontiie1
Treatment: 72-h reduction in soil watere0
Outcome: Homeothermic coolinge0
Direction: disruptede0
Qualifier: for weekse0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“Homeothermic cooling was disrupted for weeks following a 72-h reduction in soil water”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 518–603

e1
“Populus fremontii”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 296–313

Title

Intensive leaf cooling promotes tree survival during a record heatwave

Bradley C. Posch; Susan E. Bush; Dan F. Koepke; et al. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2024. doi:10.1073/pnas.2408583121

Other claims from this paper (8)

Observation With sufficient water, all genotypes cooled leaves 2 to 5 °C below air.
Intervention effect After water reduction, leaves rose 3 °C above air temperature.
Intervention effect After water reduction, leaves rose 1.3 °C above physiological damage thresholds.
Intervention effect Water stress had little effect on leaf water potential.
Association Leaf thermal and hydraulic safety exhibited tradeoffs.
Intervention effect All genotypes had significant leaf mortality after water stress regardless of water strategy.
Association Warmer-climate genotypes cooled leaves more than cooler-climate genotypes.
Association Warmer-climate genotypes had less leaf mortality after water stress than cooler-climate genotypes.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

After water reduction, leaves rose 3 °C above air temperature.

Taxon: Populus fremontiiPopulus fremontiie2
Treatment: 72-h reduction in soil watere1
Outcome: leaf temperaturese0
Direction: risinge0
Value: 3 °Ce0
Comparator: air temperaturee0

Verbatim

e0
“resulting in leaf temperatures rising 3 °C above air temperature”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 605–669

e1
“72-h reduction in soil water”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 575–603

e2
“Populus fremontii”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 296–313

Title

Intensive leaf cooling promotes tree survival during a record heatwave

Bradley C. Posch; Susan E. Bush; Dan F. Koepke; et al. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2024. doi:10.1073/pnas.2408583121

Other claims from this paper (8)

Observation With sufficient water, all genotypes cooled leaves 2 to 5 °C below air.
Intervention effect A 72-h soil water reduction disrupted homeothermic cooling for weeks.
Intervention effect After water reduction, leaves rose 1.3 °C above physiological damage thresholds.
Intervention effect Water stress had little effect on leaf water potential.
Association Leaf thermal and hydraulic safety exhibited tradeoffs.
Intervention effect All genotypes had significant leaf mortality after water stress regardless of water strategy.
Association Warmer-climate genotypes cooled leaves more than cooler-climate genotypes.
Association Warmer-climate genotypes had less leaf mortality after water stress than cooler-climate genotypes.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

After water reduction, leaves rose 1.3 °C above physiological damage thresholds.

Taxon: Populus fremontiiPopulus fremontiie2
Treatment: 72-h reduction in soil watere1
Outcome: leaf temperaturese3
Direction: abovee0
Value: 1.3 °Ce0
Comparator: leaf thresholds for physiological damagee0

Verbatim

e0
“1.3 °C above leaf thresholds for physiological damage”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 674–727

e1
“72-h reduction in soil water”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 575–603

e2
“Populus fremontii”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 296–313

e3
“resulting in leaf temperatures rising 3 °C above air temperature”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 605–669

Title

Intensive leaf cooling promotes tree survival during a record heatwave

Bradley C. Posch; Susan E. Bush; Dan F. Koepke; et al. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2024. doi:10.1073/pnas.2408583121

Other claims from this paper (8)

Observation With sufficient water, all genotypes cooled leaves 2 to 5 °C below air.
Intervention effect A 72-h soil water reduction disrupted homeothermic cooling for weeks.
Intervention effect After water reduction, leaves rose 3 °C above air temperature.
Intervention effect Water stress had little effect on leaf water potential.
Association Leaf thermal and hydraulic safety exhibited tradeoffs.
Intervention effect All genotypes had significant leaf mortality after water stress regardless of water strategy.
Association Warmer-climate genotypes cooled leaves more than cooler-climate genotypes.
Association Warmer-climate genotypes had less leaf mortality after water stress than cooler-climate genotypes.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Water stress had little effect on leaf water potential.

Taxon: Populus fremontiiPopulus fremontiie1
Treatment: water stresse0
Outcome: leaf water potentialse0
Direction: little effecte0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“water stress having little effect on leaf water potentials”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 741–799

e1
“Populus fremontii”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 296–313

Title

Intensive leaf cooling promotes tree survival during a record heatwave

Bradley C. Posch; Susan E. Bush; Dan F. Koepke; et al. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2024. doi:10.1073/pnas.2408583121

Other claims from this paper (8)

Observation With sufficient water, all genotypes cooled leaves 2 to 5 °C below air.
Intervention effect A 72-h soil water reduction disrupted homeothermic cooling for weeks.
Intervention effect After water reduction, leaves rose 3 °C above air temperature.
Intervention effect After water reduction, leaves rose 1.3 °C above physiological damage thresholds.
Association Leaf thermal and hydraulic safety exhibited tradeoffs.
Intervention effect All genotypes had significant leaf mortality after water stress regardless of water strategy.
Association Warmer-climate genotypes cooled leaves more than cooler-climate genotypes.
Association Warmer-climate genotypes had less leaf mortality after water stress than cooler-climate genotypes.

Populus fremontii 141 claims

141 claims