By interacting organism › Bacteria › Enterobacteriaceae › Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhi

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Katsumadin showed a minimum inhibitory concentration and bactericidal effect against Salmonella Typhi at 0.5 mg/mL.

Taxon: Ternstroemia lineataTernstroemia lineatat0
Interactor: Salmonella TyphiSalmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhie6pathogen
Compound: katsumadine6
Outcome: minimum inhibitory concentration and bactericidal effecte6
Value: 0.5 mg/mLe6

Verbatim

t0
“Ternstroemia lineata”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 59–79

e6
“katsumadin was evaluated against Salmonella Typhi and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, exhibiting a minimum inhibitory concentration and bactericidal effect at 0.5 mg/mL”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1034–1194

Title

Metabolomic Profiling of Seasonal Katsumadin Production in Ternstroemia lineata

Alexis Uriel Soto-Díaz; María Luisa Villarreal; Nahim Salgado Medrano; et al. Molecules 2026. doi:10.3390/molecules31060964

Other claims from this paper (8)

Observation Katsumadin reached 1.5 mg/g DW in leaves during the dry season.
Observation Katsumadin was not detected in the rainy season.
Association Floral buds had higher katsumadin contents (6.09 ± 0.10 mg/g DW).
Association Fruits had higher katsumadin contents (3.0 ± 0.79 mg/g DW).
Association Flowers had higher katsumadin contents (3.4 ± 0.42 mg/g DW).
Observation 1H NMR signals were conserved among leaves, flower buds, flowers and fruits.
Observation 1H NMR signals were either organ-specific or time-dependent.
Observation Katsumadin showed a minimum inhibitory concentration and bactericidal effect against Pseudomonas aeruginosa at 0.5 mg/mL.

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The DCM extract had a zone of inhibition of 16.83 ± 0.29 mm against S. typhi.

Taxon: Dipsacus inermisDipsacus inermise1
Treatment: DCM extracte2
Interactor: S. typhiSalmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhie2other
Outcome: ZOI valuese2
Value: 16.83 ± 0.29 mme2

Verbatim

e1
“This study evaluated dichloromethane (DCM) and methanol (MeOH) extracts of Dipsacus inermis against six bacterial strains”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 213–334

e2
“The DCM extract demonstrated superior activity, with ZOI values of 17.87 ± 0.23 mm (S. aureus and E. aerogenes) and 16.83 ± 0.29 mm (S. typhi), and MICs of 1.562 mg/mL (B. subtilis and E. aerogenes) and 12.5 mg/mL (S. aureus, S. typhi, E. coli, and P. aeruginosa)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 626–889

Title

Identification of antimicrobial compounds in Dipsacus inermis via phytochemical profiling, in vitro assessment, and advanced computational techniques

Drakhshaan; Tahir Ali Chohan; Aisha Qayyum; et al. PLoS ONE 2026. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0341424

Other claims from this paper (19)

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The DCM extract had a minimum inhibitory concentration of 12.5 mg/mL against S. typhi.

Taxon: Dipsacus inermisDipsacus inermise1
Treatment: DCM extracte2
Interactor: S. typhiSalmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhie2other
Outcome: MICse2
Value: 12.5 mg/mLe2

Verbatim

e1
“This study evaluated dichloromethane (DCM) and methanol (MeOH) extracts of Dipsacus inermis against six bacterial strains”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 213–334

e2
“The DCM extract demonstrated superior activity, with ZOI values of 17.87 ± 0.23 mm (S. aureus and E. aerogenes) and 16.83 ± 0.29 mm (S. typhi), and MICs of 1.562 mg/mL (B. subtilis and E. aerogenes) and 12.5 mg/mL (S. aureus, S. typhi, E. coli, and P. aeruginosa)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 626–889

Title

Identification of antimicrobial compounds in Dipsacus inermis via phytochemical profiling, in vitro assessment, and advanced computational techniques

Drakhshaan; Tahir Ali Chohan; Aisha Qayyum; et al. PLoS ONE 2026. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0341424

Other claims from this paper (19)

Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Growth of Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhi was inhibited at 50 mg/ml of the extract.

Taxon: CALONCOBA ECHINATACaloncoba echinatat0
Interactor: Escherichia coliEscherichia colie2other
Second interactor: Salmonella typhiSalmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhie2other
Outcome: growth inhibitione2
Value: 50 mg/mle2

Verbatim

t0
“IN VITRO ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF METHANOLIC STEM BARK EXTRACT OF CALONCOBA ECHINATA”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–85

e2
“the concentrations from which the growth inhibition of microorganisms was observed were 50 mg/ml for both Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhi, but 100 mg/ml was noted for the fungus Candida albicans, and upwards of 200 mg/ml”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1106–1332

Title

IN VITRO ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF METHANOLIC STEM BARK EXTRACT OF CALONCOBA ECHINATA (Oliv.Gilg) IN RELATION TO ITS PHYTOCHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS

Udeh, Samuel Chibueze (Pharm. D) Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) 2026. doi:10.5281/zenodo.20026255

Other claims from this paper (7)

Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Parkia extracts inhibited Salmonella typhi.

Taxon: Parkia biglobosaParkia biglobosat0
Interactor: Salmonella typhiSalmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhie0other
Outcome: antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhie0

Verbatim

e0
“antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhi”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 865–938

t0
“Parkia biglobosa”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 131–147

Title

Correlation Between Phytochemicals Content, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of the Leaf, Seed, Bark, and Root Extracts of Parkia biglobosa

Kabir, Danjuma; Yusuf, D.; Lawan, I. Open MIND 2026. doi:10.48393/imist.prsm/jases-v7i4.63431

Other claims from this paper (12)

Observation Parkia extracts contained alkaloids, flavonoids, and tannins.
Observation Parkia extracts contained saponins, glycosides, and terpenoids.
Observation Parkia extracts contained steroids, proteins, and phenolic compounds.
Observation Bark extract had higher phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and alkaloids levels.
Association All Parkia extracts showed dose-dependent antioxidant activity.
Observation Bark extract had the highest radical-scavenging potential.
Observation Parkia extracts inhibited Staphylococcus aureus.
Observation Parkia extracts had antifungal activity against Candida albicans.
Observation Parkia extracts had antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger.
Observation Extract inhibition zones ranged from 1.0 to 13.0 mm.
Association Phytochemical content was strongly positively correlated with antioxidant activity and antimicrobial effects.
Recommendation The authors proposed Parkia biglobosa as a source of natural antioxidant and antimicrobial agents.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Extracts from ZnOnps sprayed maize showed enhanced antimicrobial activity.

Taxon: Zea maysZea mayst0
Treatment: ZnOnpse0
Interactor: Salmonella typhiSalmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhie0other
Second interactor: Aspergillus flavusAspergillus flavuse0other
Outcome: antimicrobial activitye0
Direction: enhancede0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“extracts from plants sprayed with ZnOnps exhibited enhanced antimicrobial activity, as evidenced by the lowest minimum inhibitory concentrations against bacterial and fungal strains, including Salmonella typhi and Aspergillus flavus”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1087–1319

t0
“Zea mays”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 74–82

Title

An Integrated Assessment of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles in Salinity-Stressed Zea mays: From Antimicrobial Bioactivity to Molecular Docking Simulations

Mostafa Ahmed; Diaa Attia Marrez; Zoltán Tóth; et al. Stresses 2026. doi:10.3390/stresses6020029

Other claims from this paper (5)

Intervention effect ZnOnps decreased leaf sodium from 5.8 to 1.9 mg g−1 DW.
Intervention effect ZnOnps reduced γ-linolenic acid to 60% under stress, returning it to 34%.
Intervention effect ZnOnps increased palmitic acid to 30%.
Observation Docking gave apigenin-7-glucoside the highest antibacterial binding affinity score of −7.4 kcal/mol.
Observation Docking assigned chlorogenic acid an antifungal binding affinity score of −7.2 kcal/mol.

Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Neutral and base leaf fractions had notable antibacterial efficacy against Salmonella typhi and Staphylococcus aureus.

Taxon: Polyalthia longifoliaMonoon longifoliumt0
Organ / stage: Leaft0
Interactor: Salmonella typhiSalmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhie0other
Outcome: antibacterial efficacye0
Direction: comparablee0
Qualifier: Staphylococcus aureuse0
Comparator: standard antibioticse0

Verbatim

e0
“The neutral and base fractions exhibited notable antibacterial efficacy, particularly against Salmonella typhi and Staphylococcus aureus, with inhibition zones comparable to standard antibiotics.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1089–1284

t0
“Leaf Extracts of Polyalthia longifolia”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 54–92

Title

Phytochemical Analysis and Biological Activity of the Leaf Extracts of Polyalthia longifolia (Masquerade Tree)

Nzota Joy Chidinma; Obi Leonard Kelechukwu; Adewumi Chizoma Nwakego International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology 2025. doi:10.38124/ijisrt/25jul1959

Other claims from this paper (3)

Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Kersen leaf extract showed moderate to strong antibacterial activity against Salmonella typhi at 40%, 50%, and 60%.

Taxon: Kersene0
Interactor: Salmonella typhiSalmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhie0other
Outcome: antibacterial activity against Salmonella typhie0
Qualifier: moderate to strong antibacterial power at concentrations of 40%, 50%, and 60%e0

Verbatim

e0
“Kersen leaf extract showed antibacterial activity against Salmonella typhi and Staphylococcus aureus with moderate to strong antibacterial power at concentrations of 40%, 50%, and 60%”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 616–799

Title

Antibacterial Activity of Kersen Leaf Extract (Muntingia calabura Linn.) Against Salmonella typhi and Staphylococcus aureus Using Bioautography Method

Dhea Nur Fadillah Maharani; Maria Almeida; Hanggara Arifian; et al. Journal of Pharmaceuticals and Natural Sciences. 2025. doi:10.70392/jpns.v2i2.8694

Other claims from this paper (6)

Observationobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The Uvaria chamea seed oil showed no antimicrobial or antibiotic activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhi.

Taxon: Uvaria chameat0
Interactor: Staphylococcus aureusStaphylococcus aureuse1pathogen
Second interactor: Salmonella typhiSalmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhie1pathogen
Outcome: no antimicrobial and antibiotic activitiese1

Not reportedDirection

Verbatim

t0
“Uvaria chamea (Udagu) seeds and oil”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 69–104

e1
“The oil presented no antimicrobial and antibiotic activities against Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhi”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1082–1193

Title

Proximate, nutraceutical composition and antimicrobial activities of Uvaria chamea (Udagu) seeds and oil

Ogbuanu C.C; Nwagu L.N.; Ezeh, C.N.; et al. NEWPORT INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC AND EXPERIMENTAL SCIENCES 2024. doi:10.59298/nijses/2023/33.1.0151

Other claims from this paper (11)

Observation Uvaria chamea seeds contain 10.19 % ash.
Observation Uvaria chamea seeds contain 5.2 % moisture.
Observation Uvaria chamea seeds contain 0.09 % crude protein.
Observation Uvaria chamea seeds contain 51.81 % crude fiber.
Observation Uvaria chamea seeds contain 26.19 % total fat.
Observation Uvaria chamea seeds contain 6.52 % carbohydrate.
Observation Uvaria chamea seeds contain 0.046 % cardiac glycosides.
Observation Uvaria chamea seeds contain 0.2 % tannins.
Observation Uvaria chamea seeds contain 0.01 % saponins.
Observation Uvaria chamea seeds contain 0.45 % alkaloids.
Recommendation The authors conclude Uvaria chamae seed has potential as a new source of health-promoting diets, usable as a dietary fiber supplement.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Organic garlic juice had greater antimicrobial activity against Salmonella typhi than chemical garlic juice.

Taxon: Allium sativumAllium sativumt0
Treatment: organic garlic juicee4
Interactor: Salmonella typhiSalmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhie4pathogen
Outcome: antimicrobial activitye4
Direction: greatere4
Comparator: chemical garlic juicee5

Verbatim

t0
“Garlic (Allium sativum)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 118–141

e4
“organic garlic juice exhibited greater antimicrobial activity against both Salmonella typhi (p < 0.001)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1073–1176

e5
“compared to chemical garlic juice”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1214–1247

Title

Comparative Analysis of Nutritional Composition and Antimicrobial Properties of Organically and Chemically Cultivated Garlic (Allium sativum)

Mayank Phate; Anil Kumar Yadav; Vikas Choudhary International Journal of Environment Agriculture and Biotechnology 2024. doi:10.22161/ijeab.95.39

Other claims from this paper (4)

Intervention effect Organic garlic contained more protein (161,879.31 mg/kg) than chemically grown garlic (123,047.28 mg/kg).
Intervention effect Organic garlic contained more allicin (13.64%) than chemically grown garlic (11.25%).
Intervention effect Organic garlic had higher sodium (9,455.54 ppm) than chemical garlic (5,486.90 ppm), a significant difference.
Intervention effect Organic garlic juice had greater antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus than chemical garlic juice.

Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhi 136 claims

136 claims