Paper · 2013 · Journal of Plant Nutrition

INTERACTIVE EFFECT OF SULFUR AND PHOSPHORUS ON NODULATION, NITROGEN FIXATION, AND NUTRIENT UPTAKE BY CHICKPEA GROWN ON CALCAREOUS SOILS IN PAKISTAN

Muhammad Islam; Saleem Mohsan; Safdar Ali

8
claims
16
verbatim quotes
7
citations
3
research areas
—
Not open access

Abstract

Field experiments were conducted at two different locations under rainfed conditions of Punjab, Pakistan to assess nodulation, nitrogen fixation and nutrient uptake by chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) in response to application of three rates [0, 40, and 80 kg phosphorus pentoxide (P2O5 ha−1)] of phosphorus and three rates (0, 15 and 30 kg S ha−1) of sulfur in different combinations. Effect of phosphorus application was nonsignificant while that of sulfur was significant on percent nitrogen derived from atmosphere. Both phosphorus and sulfur application resulted in increase in nitrogen fixation up to 38% and 33% over control, respectively. Nutrient uptake [nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and sulfur (S)] increased significantly with the application of phosphorus and sulfur and correlated positively with nitrogen fixation. There is direct involvement of sulfur in the process of nitrogen fixation whereas effect of phosphorus on nitrogen fixation is indirect mainly through enhanced growth and dry matter production.

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Claims 8

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectnot significant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Phosphorus application had a non-significant effect on percent nitrogen derived from atmosphere in chickpea.

Taxon
chickpeaCicer arietinume1
Treatment
phosphorus applicatione0
Outcome
percent nitrogen derived from atmospheree0
Direction
no_changeinferrede0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Cicer arietinum
Cicer arietinum · TaxonSanjay Acharya · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Effect of phosphorus application was nonsignificant while that of sulfur was significant on percent nitrogen derived from atmosphere”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 384–516 · show in text ↑
e1

“chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 168–197 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultsignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Sulfur application had a significant effect on percent nitrogen derived from atmosphere in chickpea.

Taxon
chickpeaCicer arietinume1
Treatment
sulfure0
Outcome
percent nitrogen derived from atmospheree0

Not reportedComparatorDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Cicer arietinum
Cicer arietinum · TaxonSanjay Acharya · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Effect of phosphorus application was nonsignificant while that of sulfur was significant on percent nitrogen derived from atmosphere”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 384–516 · show in text ↑
e1

“chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 168–197 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Phosphorus application increased nitrogen fixation in chickpea by up to 38% over control.

Taxon
chickpeaCicer arietinume1
Treatment
phosphoruse0
Outcome
nitrogen fixatione0
Direction
increasee0
Value
38%e0
Comparator
controle0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Cicer arietinum
Cicer arietinum · TaxonSanjay Acharya · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Both phosphorus and sulfur application resulted in increase in nitrogen fixation up to 38% and 33% over control, respectively”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 518–643 · show in text ↑
e1

“chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 168–197 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Sulfur application increased nitrogen fixation in chickpea by up to 33% over control.

Taxon
chickpeaCicer arietinume1
Treatment
sulfur applicatione0
Outcome
nitrogen fixatione0
Direction
increasee0
Value
33%e0
Comparator
controle0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Cicer arietinum
Cicer arietinum · TaxonSanjay Acharya · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Both phosphorus and sulfur application resulted in increase in nitrogen fixation up to 38% and 33% over control, respectively”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 518–643 · show in text ↑
e1

“chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 168–197 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Uptake of nitrogen, phosphorus and sulfur in chickpea increased significantly with phosphorus and sulfur application.

Taxon
chickpeaCicer arietinume1
Treatment
application of phosphorus and sulfure0
Outcome
Nutrient uptakee0
Direction
increasede0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Cicer arietinum
Cicer arietinum · TaxonSanjay Acharya · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Nutrient uptake [nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and sulfur (S)] increased significantly with the application of phosphorus and sulfur”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 645–777 · show in text ↑
e1

“chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 168–197 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Nutrient uptake in chickpea correlated positively with nitrogen fixation.

Taxon
chickpeaCicer arietinume1
Outcome
Nutrient uptakee0
Direction
positivelye0
Comparator
nitrogen fixatione0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Cicer arietinum
Cicer arietinum · TaxonSanjay Acharya · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Nutrient uptake [nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and sulfur (S)] increased significantly with the application of phosphorus and sulfur and correlated positively with nitrogen fixation”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 645–826 · show in text ↑
e1

“chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 168–197 · show in text ↑
Mechanismauthor interpretationoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The authors assert direct involvement of sulfur in the process of nitrogen fixation.

Taxon
chickpeaCicer arietinume1
Compound
sulfure0
Outcome
nitrogen fixatione0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Cicer arietinum
Cicer arietinum · TaxonSanjay Acharya · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“There is direct involvement of sulfur in the process of nitrogen fixation”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 828–901 · show in text ↑
e1

“chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 168–197 · show in text ↑
Mechanismauthor interpretationoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The authors assert that the effect of phosphorus on nitrogen fixation is indirect, mainly through enhanced growth and dry matter production.

Taxon
chickpeaCicer arietinume1
Compound
phosphoruse0
Outcome
nitrogen fixatione0
Qualifier
indirect mainly through enhanced growth and dry matter productione0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Cicer arietinum
Cicer arietinum · TaxonSanjay Acharya · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“effect of phosphorus on nitrogen fixation is indirect mainly through enhanced growth and dry matter production”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 910–1020 · show in text ↑
e1

“chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 168–197 · show in text ↑

sulfur atom · symbiosis · Cicer arietinum (chickpea)Results agree

14 papers: 14 positive, 0 negative or no effect

13 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

10 papers more in this group

See all 14 papers →

sulfur atom · nutrient: content · Cicer arietinum (chickpea)Results agree

17 papers: 17 positive, 0 negative or no effect

16 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

13 papers more in this group

See all 17 papers →

phosphorus · symbiosis · Cicer arietinum (chickpea)Results differ

51 papers: 50 positive, 1 negative or no effect

49 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
  2. positive
  3. positive

47 papers more in this group

See all 51 papers →

phosphorus · nutrient: content · Cicer arietinum (chickpea)Positive and negative results

38 papers: 37 positive, 1 negative or no effect

36 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction

  1. negative
  2. positive
  3. positive

34 papers more in this group

See all 38 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.