Abstract
Four foliar and two stem‐base pathogens were inoculated onto wheat plants grown in different substrates in pot experiments. Soils from four different UK locations were each treated in three ways: (i) straw incorporated in the field at 10 t ha −1 several months previously; (ii) silicon fertilization at 100 mg L −1 during the experiment; and (iii) no amendments. A sand and vermiculite mix was used with and without silicon amendment. The silicon treatment increased plant silica concentrations in all experiments, but incorporating straw was not associated with raised plant silica concentrations. Blumeria graminis and Puccinia recondita were inoculated by shaking infected plants over the test plants, followed by suitable humid periods. The silicon treatment reduced powdery mildew ( B. graminis ) substantially in sand and vermiculite and in two of the soils, but there were no effects on the slight infection by brown rust ( P. recondita ). Phaeosphaeria nodorum and Mycosphaerella graminicola were inoculated as conidial suspensions. Leaf spot caused by P. nodorum was reduced in silicon‐amended sand and vermiculite; soil was not tested. Symptoms of septoria leaf blotch caused by M. graminicola were reduced by silicon amendment in a severely infected sand and vermiculite experiment but not in soil or a slightly infected sand and vermiculite experiment. Oculimacula yallundae (eyespot) and Fusarium culmorum (brown foot rot) were inoculated as agar plugs on the stem base. Severity of O. yallundae was reduced by silicon amendment of two of the soils but not sand and vermiculite; brown foot rot symptoms caused by F. culmorum were unaffected by silicon amendment. The straw treatment reduced severity of powdery mildew but did not detectably affect the other pathogens. Both straw and silicon treatments appeared to increase plant resistance to all diseases only under high disease pressure.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon treatment increased wheat silica concentrations in all experiments.
- Taxon
- winter wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- silicon treatmente0
- Outcome
- plant silica concentrationse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“winter wheat”
e0“The silicon treatment increased plant silica concentrations in all experiments”
Claim · model-written summary
Straw incorporation was not associated with raised wheat silica concentrations.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- incorporating strawe0
- Outcome
- plant silica concentrationse0
- Direction
- not associated with raisede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“winter wheat”
e0“incorporating straw was not associated with raised plant silica concentrations”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon reduced powdery mildew substantially in sand and vermiculite and two soils.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- silicon treatmente0
- Interactor
- B. graminis
Blumeria graminise0pathogen - Outcome
- powdery mildewe0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Setting
- sand and vermiculite and in two of the soilse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“winter wheat”
e0“The silicon treatment reduced powdery mildew ( B. graminis ) substantially in sand and vermiculite and in two of the soils”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon had no effect on slight brown rust infection.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- silicon treatmente1
- Interactor
- P. recondita
.jpeg?width=60)
Puccinia reconditae0pathogen - Outcome
- infection by brown ruste0
- Direction
- no effectse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpeg?width=500)
Verbatim
t0“winter wheat”
e0“there were no effects on the slight infection by brown rust ( P. recondita )”
e1“The silicon treatment increased plant silica concentrations in all experiments”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon reduced P. nodorum leaf spot in sand and vermiculite.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- silicon‐amended sand and vermiculitee0
- Interactor
- P. nodorum
Parastagonospora nodorume0pathogen - Outcome
- Leaf spot caused by P. nodorume0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“winter wheat”
e0“Leaf spot caused by P. nodorum was reduced in silicon‐amended sand and vermiculite”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon reduced septoria leaf blotch symptoms in a severely infected sand and vermiculite experiment.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- silicon amendmente0
- Interactor
- M. graminicola
Zymoseptoria triticie0pathogen - Outcome
- Symptoms of septoria leaf blotche0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“winter wheat”
e0“Symptoms of septoria leaf blotch caused by M. graminicola were reduced by silicon amendment in a severely infected sand and vermiculite experiment”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon did not reduce septoria leaf blotch symptoms in soil or a slightly infected sand and vermiculite experiment.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- silicon amendmente1
- Interactor
- M. graminicolaZymoseptoria triticie1pathogen
- Outcome
- Symptoms of septoria leaf blotche1
- Setting
- soil or a slightly infected sand and vermiculite experimente0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“winter wheat”
e0“but not in soil or a slightly infected sand and vermiculite experiment”
e1“Symptoms of septoria leaf blotch caused by M. graminicola were reduced by silicon amendment”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon reduced eyespot severity in two soils but not sand and vermiculite.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- silicon amendmente0
- Interactor
- O. yallundae
Oculimacula yallundaee0pathogen - Outcome
- Severity of O. yallundaee0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“winter wheat”
e0“Severity of O. yallundae was reduced by silicon amendment of two of the soils but not sand and vermiculite”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon did not affect brown foot rot symptoms.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- silicon amendmente0
- Interactor
- F. culmorum
.jpg?width=60)
Fusarium culmorume0pathogen - Outcome
- brown foot rot symptomse0
- Direction
- unaffectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
t0“winter wheat”
e0“brown foot rot symptoms caused by F. culmorum were unaffected by silicon amendment”
Claim · model-written summary
Straw reduced powdery mildew severity.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- straw treatmente0
- Outcome
- severity of powdery mildewe0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“winter wheat”
e0“The straw treatment reduced severity of powdery mildew”
Claim · model-written summary
Straw did not detectably affect the other pathogens.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- straw treatmente1
- Outcome
- other pathogense0
- Direction
- did not detectably affecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“winter wheat”
e0“did not detectably affect the other pathogens”
e1“The straw treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Straw and silicon appeared to increase resistance to all diseases only under high disease pressure.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- straw and silicon treatmentse0
- Outcome
- plant resistance to all diseasese0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Qualifier
- only under high disease pressuree0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“winter wheat”
e0“Both straw and silicon treatments appeared to increase plant resistance to all diseases only under high disease pressure”
The same questions in other papers
silicon atom · disease · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
15 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- no effect
- negative
15 papers more in this group
See all 19 papers →silicon atom · molecular: metabolites · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
31 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- positive
- negative
- no effect
30 papers more in this group
See all 34 papers →silicon atom · Blumeria graminis · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.