Abstract
Replacing herbicides with mechanical cultivation can reduce pesticide use in row crop production. Although amajority of Iowas corn land is cultivated, most is cultivated only once and herbicide is broadcast applied. To increasegrower confidence in reducing herbicide use and in using cultivation for interrow weed control, a three-year fieldexperiment compared various single-cultivation plus band-herbicide application strategies with broadcast applicationstrategy and no-control strategy. To cover larger acreages in a narrow window of time, cultivation speed was increasedeach year from 11.3 to 14.1 to 16.9 km/h (7.0, 8.8, and 10.5 mph). A 38-cm (15-in.) herbicide band treatment had lessweed growth, and generally greater yield, extended leaf height, and corn population than did a 19-cm (7.5-in.) bandtreatment. Few differences were noted among cultivator styles. Weed management and grain yield were as good or betterwith the traditional low-crown sweep as with other styles. Its wider cutting width (56-cm or 22 in.) in 76-cm (30-in.) rowsresulted in a lower corn population, however, when operated at 16.9 km/h (10.5 mph) with a crosswind. Differences inweed population and visual weed cover rankings when comparing single-cultivation with broadcast-only strategies variedwith years. Grain yield from a treatment using a single cultivation with a low-crown sweep and a 38-cm (15-in.) wideherbicide band was statistically equivalent to that from a broadcast-only treatment in all three years. Results of this studyindicate that herbicide use can be halved and weed control and corn yield can be maintained by use of a 38 cm (15 in.)herbicide band and a single sweep cultivation.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
The 38-cm herbicide band had less weed growth than the 19-cm band.
- Taxon
- CORN
Zea mays subsp. mayst0 - Treatment
- 38-cm (15-in.) herbicide band treatmente0
- Outcome
- weed growthe0
- Direction
- lesse0
- Comparator
- 19-cm (7.5-in.) bandtreatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A 38-cm (15-in.) herbicide band treatment had lessweed growth, and generally greater yield, extended leaf height, and corn population than did a 19-cm (7.5-in.) bandtreatment”
t0“CORN”
Claim · model-written summary
The 38-cm band generally gave greater corn yield than the 19-cm band.
- Taxon
- CORNZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- 38-cm (15-in.) herbicide band treatmente0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- 19-cm (7.5-in.) bandtreatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A 38-cm (15-in.) herbicide band treatment had lessweed growth, and generally greater yield, extended leaf height, and corn population than did a 19-cm (7.5-in.) bandtreatment”
t0“CORN”
Claim · model-written summary
The 38-cm band generally gave greater extended leaf height and corn population than the 19-cm band.
- Taxon
- CORNZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- 38-cm (15-in.) herbicide band treatmente0
- Outcome
- extended leaf height, and corn populatione0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- 19-cm (7.5-in.) bandtreatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A 38-cm (15-in.) herbicide band treatment had lessweed growth, and generally greater yield, extended leaf height, and corn population than did a 19-cm (7.5-in.) bandtreatment”
t0“CORN”
Claim · model-written summary
Few differences were found among cultivator styles.
- Taxon
- CORNZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Outcome
- differencese0
- Direction
- Fewe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Few differences were noted among cultivator styles”
t0“CORN”
Claim · model-written summary
The traditional low-crown sweep gave weed management and grain yield as good as or better than other styles.
- Taxon
- CORNZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- traditional low-crown sweepe0
- Outcome
- Weed management and grain yielde0
- Direction
- as good or bettere0
- Comparator
- other stylese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Weed management and grain yield were as good or betterwith the traditional low-crown sweep as with other styles”
t0“CORN”
Claim · model-written summary
At 16.9 km/h with a crosswind, the wider low-crown sweep reduced corn population.
- Taxon
- CORNZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- wider cutting width (56-cm or 22 in.)e0
- Outcome
- corn populatione0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Qualifier
- when operated at 16.9 km/h (10.5 mph) with a crosswinde0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Its wider cutting width (56-cm or 22 in.) in 76-cm (30-in.) rowsresulted in a lower corn population, however, when operated at 16.9 km/h (10.5 mph) with a crosswind”
t0“CORN”
Claim · model-written summary
Weed population and cover differences between single cultivation and broadcast strategies varied by year.
- Taxon
- CORNZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- single-cultivatione0
- Outcome
- weed population and visual weed cover rankingse0
- Direction
- variedwith yearse0
- Comparator
- broadcast-only strategiese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Differences inweed population and visual weed cover rankings when comparing single-cultivation with broadcast-only strategies variedwith years”
t0“CORN”
Claim · model-written summary
A single low-crown sweep cultivation with a 38-cm band gave grain yield statistically equivalent to broadcast-only treatment in all three years.
- Taxon
- CORNZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- a single cultivation with a low-crown sweep and a 38-cm (15-in.) wideherbicide bande0
- Outcome
- Grain yielde0
- Direction
- statistically equivalente0
- Comparator
- broadcast-only treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Grain yield from a treatment using a single cultivation with a low-crown sweep and a 38-cm (15-in.) wideherbicide band was statistically equivalent to that from a broadcast-only treatment in all three years”
t0“CORN”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude that a 38 cm band and single sweep cultivation can halve herbicide use while maintaining weed control and corn yield.
- Taxon
- CORNZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Outcome
- use of a 38 cm (15 in.)herbicide band and a single sweep cultivatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“herbicide use can be halved and weed control and corn yield can be maintained by use of a 38 cm (15 in.)herbicide band and a single sweep cultivation”
t0“CORN”
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