Abstract
A field study was conducted to evaluate the effects of newsprint (noncomposted ground newsprint) applied with different nitrogen (N) sources on corn (Zea Mays L.) growth, yield, and soil chemical properties. The soil was a Wickham fine sandy loam (Typic Hapludults). Newsprint was applied at 2.44 kg C/m2 soil and uniformly incorporated to a depth of 10 to 15 cm. Ammonium nitrate, urea, anhydrous ammonia or poultry litter were the N sources used to adjust the C:N ratio of the newsprint to ≤ 30:1. Nutrient imbalance induced by newsprint was observed in corn during the early growing season, but at 40 to 50 days after emergence growth had resumed and biomass produced per day was not affected by N source. When newsprint was applied with anhydrous ammonia, seedlings were severely stunted, biomass production was reduced by 75 percent and yield decreased by 72 percent, when compared to anhydrous ammonia applied without newsprint. When corn was sidedressed with urea or ammonium nitrate, the apparent phytotoxicity of the newsprint was reduced. When newsprint plus poultry litter was applied, highest biomass production was obtained, and the yield increased by 37 percent when compared to poultry litter applied without newsprint. Aluminum concentration in both 40-day-old plant tissue and in soil solution samples as a result of newsprint application suggested Al toxicity. As much as 1.5 g kg−1 of organic C added through newsprint was mineralized when poultry litter, ammonia nitrate or urea was the N source, but little organic C in the newsprint-amended soil was decomposed when anhydrous ammonia was the N source 40 days after corn emergence. After the growing season (175 days), an average of 4.6 g newsprint kg−1 soil was decomposed. Poultry litter may be the preferred N source for adjusting the C:N ratio of high carbon-based organic waste. However, urea and ammonium nitrate would be acceptable in corn production systems that included newsprint application.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Newsprint applied with anhydrous ammonia reduced corn biomass production by 75 percent compared with anhydrous ammonia without newsprint.
- Taxon
- corn (Zea Mays L.)
Zea mays subsp. mayse0 - Treatment
- newsprint was applied with anhydrous ammoniae2
- Outcome
- biomass productione2
- Direction
- reducede2
- Value
- 75 percente2
- Comparator
- anhydrous ammonia applied without newsprinte2
- Setting
- field studye1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“evaluate the effects of newsprint (noncomposted ground newsprint) applied with different nitrogen (N) sources on corn (Zea Mays L.) growth, yield, and soil chemical properties”
e1“A field study was conducted”
e2“When newsprint was applied with anhydrous ammonia, seedlings were severely stunted, biomass production was reduced by 75 percent and yield decreased by 72 percent, when compared to anhydrous ammonia applied without newsprint”
Claim · model-written summary
Newsprint applied with anhydrous ammonia decreased corn yield by 72 percent compared with anhydrous ammonia without newsprint.
- Taxon
- corn (Zea Mays L.)Zea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- newsprint was applied with anhydrous ammoniae2
- Outcome
- yielde2
- Direction
- decreasede2
- Value
- 72 percente2
- Comparator
- anhydrous ammonia applied without newsprinte2
- Setting
- field studye1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“evaluate the effects of newsprint (noncomposted ground newsprint) applied with different nitrogen (N) sources on corn (Zea Mays L.) growth, yield, and soil chemical properties”
e1“A field study was conducted”
e2“When newsprint was applied with anhydrous ammonia, seedlings were severely stunted, biomass production was reduced by 75 percent and yield decreased by 72 percent, when compared to anhydrous ammonia applied without newsprint”
Claim · model-written summary
Sidedressing corn with urea or ammonium nitrate reduced the apparent phytotoxicity of newsprint.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- sidedressed with urea or ammonium nitratee1
- Outcome
- apparent phytotoxicity of the newsprinte1
- Direction
- reducede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“evaluate the effects of newsprint (noncomposted ground newsprint) applied with different nitrogen (N) sources on corn (Zea Mays L.) growth, yield, and soil chemical properties”
e1“When corn was sidedressed with urea or ammonium nitrate, the apparent phytotoxicity of the newsprint was reduced”
Claim · model-written summary
Newsprint plus poultry litter gave the highest corn biomass production.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- newsprint plus poultry littere1
- Outcome
- highest biomass productione1
- Direction
- higheste1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“evaluate the effects of newsprint (noncomposted ground newsprint) applied with different nitrogen (N) sources on corn (Zea Mays L.) growth, yield, and soil chemical properties”
e1“When newsprint plus poultry litter was applied, highest biomass production was obtained, and the yield increased by 37 percent when compared to poultry litter applied without newsprint”
Claim · model-written summary
Newsprint plus poultry litter increased corn yield by 37 percent compared with poultry litter without newsprint.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- newsprint plus poultry littere1
- Outcome
- yielde1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 37 percente1
- Comparator
- poultry litter applied without newsprinte1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“evaluate the effects of newsprint (noncomposted ground newsprint) applied with different nitrogen (N) sources on corn (Zea Mays L.) growth, yield, and soil chemical properties”
e1“When newsprint plus poultry litter was applied, highest biomass production was obtained, and the yield increased by 37 percent when compared to poultry litter applied without newsprint”
Claim · model-written summary
Aluminum concentration in corn tissue and soil solution after newsprint application suggests aluminum toxicity.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Organ / stage
- 40-day-old plant tissuee1
- Treatment
- newsprint applicatione1
- Compound
- Aluminume1
- Outcome
- Al toxicitye1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“evaluate the effects of newsprint (noncomposted ground newsprint) applied with different nitrogen (N) sources on corn (Zea Mays L.) growth, yield, and soil chemical properties”
e1“Aluminum concentration in both 40-day-old plant tissue and in soil solution samples as a result of newsprint application suggested Al toxicity”
Claim · model-written summary
Newsprint induced a nutrient imbalance in corn during the early growing season.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse1
- Treatment
- newsprinte1
- Outcome
- Nutrient imbalancee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Nutrient imbalance induced by newsprint was observed in corn during the early growing season”
Claim · model-written summary
Biomass produced per day by corn was not affected by N source after 40 to 50 days after emergence.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- N sourcee1
- Outcome
- biomass produced per daye1
- Direction
- not affectede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“evaluate the effects of newsprint (noncomposted ground newsprint) applied with different nitrogen (N) sources on corn (Zea Mays L.) growth, yield, and soil chemical properties”
e1“at 40 to 50 days after emergence growth had resumed and biomass produced per day was not affected by N source”
Claim · model-written summary
As much as 1.5 g kg−1 of organic C from newsprint was mineralized in corn soil when poultry litter, ammonium nitrate or urea was the N source.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- poultry litter, ammonia nitrate or ureae1
- Outcome
- organic Ce1
- Value
- 1.5 g kg−1e1
- Qualifier
- As much ase1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“evaluate the effects of newsprint (noncomposted ground newsprint) applied with different nitrogen (N) sources on corn (Zea Mays L.) growth, yield, and soil chemical properties”
e1“As much as 1.5 g kg−1 of organic C added through newsprint was mineralized when poultry litter, ammonia nitrate or urea was the N source”
Claim · model-written summary
Little organic C from newsprint was decomposed in corn soil when anhydrous ammonia was the N source.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- anhydrous ammonia was the N sourcee1
- Outcome
- organic Ce1
- Qualifier
- littlee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“evaluate the effects of newsprint (noncomposted ground newsprint) applied with different nitrogen (N) sources on corn (Zea Mays L.) growth, yield, and soil chemical properties”
e1“little organic C in the newsprint-amended soil was decomposed when anhydrous ammonia was the N source 40 days after corn emergence”
Claim · model-written summary
An average of 4.6 g newsprint kg−1 soil was decomposed after the growing season.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Outcome
- decomposede1
- Value
- 4.6 g newsprint kg−1 soile1
- Qualifier
- After the growing season (175 days)e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“evaluate the effects of newsprint (noncomposted ground newsprint) applied with different nitrogen (N) sources on corn (Zea Mays L.) growth, yield, and soil chemical properties”
e1“After the growing season (175 days), an average of 4.6 g newsprint kg−1 soil was decomposed”
Claim · model-written summary
Poultry litter may be the preferred N source for adjusting the C:N ratio of high carbon-based organic waste in corn systems.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- Poultry littere1
- Outcome
- preferred N source for adjusting the C:N ratioe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Corn”
e1“Poultry litter may be the preferred N source for adjusting the C:N ratio of high carbon-based organic waste”
Claim · model-written summary
Urea and ammonium nitrate would be acceptable N sources in corn production systems that included newsprint application.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse1
- Treatment
- urea and ammonium nitratee1
- Outcome
- acceptable in corn production systemse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“urea and ammonium nitrate would be acceptable in corn production systems that included newsprint application”
The same questions in other papers
ammonia · yield · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
5 papers in the same direction as this paper · 17 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
19 papers more in this group
See all 23 papers →ammonium nitrate · crop injury · Zea mays (maize)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
nitrogen · crop injury · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- no effect
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.