Abstract
Plants of an Egyptian cultivar of wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Giza 63) were exposed in open-top chambers (OTCs) for 8 h d-1 for up to 75 d to a factorial combination of two levels of salinity (0 and 50 mM NaCl) and two levels of O3 (filtered air and 50 mm3 m-3). Exposure to 50 mm3 m-3 O3 significantly decreased stomatal conductance (gs), net photosynthetic rate (PN), and chlorophyll (Chl) content by 20, 25, and 21 %, respectively. This reduction resulted in a change in assimilate allocation in favour of shoot growth leading to a decrease in root to shoot ratio and eventually to a decrease in relative growth rate (RGR) of both root and shoot. There was a very large reduction in yield parameters, especially in the number of ears/plant and 1 000-grain mass. Soil salinity significantly reduced PN and gs by 17 and 15 %, respectively, while Chl content was increased by 17 %. Root growth was decreased leading to an increase in root/shoot ratio. Yield parameters were decreased due to salt stress. There was antagonistic interaction between salinity (50 mM NaCl) and O3 (50 mm3 m-3) showing that salinity effectively protects against the adverse effects of O3 by increasing gs during O3 fumigation.
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
Exposure to 50 mm3 m-3 O3 significantly decreased stomatal conductance (gs) of wheat by 20.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Material
- Giza 63e0
- Treatment
- 50 mm3 m-3 O3e1
- Outcome
- stomatal conductance (gs)e1
- Direction
- decreasede1
- Value
- 20e1
- Comparator
- filtered aire0
- Setting
- open-top chambers (OTCs)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plants of an Egyptian cultivar of wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Giza 63) were exposed in open-top chambers (OTCs) for 8 h d-1 for up to 75 d to a factorial combination of two levels of salinity (0 and 50 mM NaCl) and two levels of O3 (filtered air and 50 mm3 m-3)”
e1“Exposure to 50 mm3 m-3 O3 significantly decreased stomatal conductance (gs), net photosynthetic rate (PN), and chlorophyll (Chl) content by 20, 25, and 21 %, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Exposure to 50 mm3 m-3 O3 significantly decreased net photosynthetic rate (PN) of wheat by 25.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Material
- Giza 63e0
- Treatment
- 50 mm3 m-3 O3e1
- Outcome
- net photosynthetic rate (PN)e1
- Direction
- decreasede1
- Value
- 25e1
- Comparator
- filtered aire0
- Setting
- open-top chambers (OTCs)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plants of an Egyptian cultivar of wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Giza 63) were exposed in open-top chambers (OTCs) for 8 h d-1 for up to 75 d to a factorial combination of two levels of salinity (0 and 50 mM NaCl) and two levels of O3 (filtered air and 50 mm3 m-3)”
e1“Exposure to 50 mm3 m-3 O3 significantly decreased stomatal conductance (gs), net photosynthetic rate (PN), and chlorophyll (Chl) content by 20, 25, and 21 %, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Exposure to 50 mm3 m-3 O3 significantly decreased chlorophyll content of wheat by 21 %.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Material
- Giza 63e0
- Treatment
- 50 mm3 m-3 O3e1
- Outcome
- chlorophyll (Chl) contente1
- Direction
- decreasede1
- Value
- 21 %e1
- Comparator
- filtered aire0
- Setting
- open-top chambers (OTCs)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plants of an Egyptian cultivar of wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Giza 63) were exposed in open-top chambers (OTCs) for 8 h d-1 for up to 75 d to a factorial combination of two levels of salinity (0 and 50 mM NaCl) and two levels of O3 (filtered air and 50 mm3 m-3)”
e1“Exposure to 50 mm3 m-3 O3 significantly decreased stomatal conductance (gs), net photosynthetic rate (PN), and chlorophyll (Chl) content by 20, 25, and 21 %, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Exposure to 50 mm3 m-3 O3 decreased the root to shoot ratio of wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Material
- Giza 63e0
- Treatment
- 50 mm3 m-3 O3e1
- Outcome
- root to shoot ratioe2
- Direction
- decreasee2
- Comparator
- filtered aire0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plants of an Egyptian cultivar of wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Giza 63) were exposed in open-top chambers (OTCs) for 8 h d-1 for up to 75 d to a factorial combination of two levels of salinity (0 and 50 mM NaCl) and two levels of O3 (filtered air and 50 mm3 m-3)”
e1“Exposure to 50 mm3 m-3 O3 significantly decreased stomatal conductance (gs), net photosynthetic rate (PN), and chlorophyll (Chl) content by 20, 25, and 21 %, respectively”
e2“This reduction resulted in a change in assimilate allocation in favour of shoot growth leading to a decrease in root to shoot ratio and eventually to a decrease in relative growth rate (RGR) of both root and shoot”
Claim · model-written summary
Exposure to 50 mm3 m-3 O3 decreased relative growth rate of both root and shoot of wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Material
- Giza 63e0
- Treatment
- 50 mm3 m-3 O3e1
- Outcome
- relative growth rate (RGR) of both root and shoote2
- Direction
- decreasee2
- Comparator
- filtered aire0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plants of an Egyptian cultivar of wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Giza 63) were exposed in open-top chambers (OTCs) for 8 h d-1 for up to 75 d to a factorial combination of two levels of salinity (0 and 50 mM NaCl) and two levels of O3 (filtered air and 50 mm3 m-3)”
e1“Exposure to 50 mm3 m-3 O3 significantly decreased stomatal conductance (gs), net photosynthetic rate (PN), and chlorophyll (Chl) content by 20, 25, and 21 %, respectively”
e2“This reduction resulted in a change in assimilate allocation in favour of shoot growth leading to a decrease in root to shoot ratio and eventually to a decrease in relative growth rate (RGR) of both root and shoot”
Claim · model-written summary
The O3-induced reduction in photosynthesis and gs was associated with a change in assimilate allocation in favour of shoot growth in wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- 50 mm3 m-3 O3e1
- Outcome
- change in assimilate allocatione2
- Qualifier
- in favour of shoot growthe2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plants of an Egyptian cultivar of wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Giza 63) were exposed in open-top chambers (OTCs) for 8 h d-1 for up to 75 d to a factorial combination of two levels of salinity (0 and 50 mM NaCl) and two levels of O3 (filtered air and 50 mm3 m-3)”
e1“Exposure to 50 mm3 m-3 O3 significantly decreased stomatal conductance (gs), net photosynthetic rate (PN), and chlorophyll (Chl) content by 20, 25, and 21 %, respectively”
e2“This reduction resulted in a change in assimilate allocation in favour of shoot growth leading to a decrease in root to shoot ratio and eventually to a decrease in relative growth rate (RGR) of both root and shoot”
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat yield parameters were very strongly reduced, especially ears per plant and 1000-grain mass.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Outcome
- yield parameterse3
- Qualifier
- especially in the number of ears/plant and 1 000-grain masse3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Schema note from the model: applied factor not named in the cited sentence
Verbatim
e0“Plants of an Egyptian cultivar of wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Giza 63) were exposed in open-top chambers (OTCs) for 8 h d-1 for up to 75 d to a factorial combination of two levels of salinity (0 and 50 mM NaCl) and two levels of O3 (filtered air and 50 mm3 m-3)”
e3“There was a very large reduction in yield parameters, especially in the number of ears/plant and 1 000-grain mass”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil salinity significantly decreased net photosynthetic rate of wheat by 17.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plants of an Egyptian cultivar of wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Giza 63) were exposed in open-top chambers (OTCs) for 8 h d-1 for up to 75 d to a factorial combination of two levels of salinity (0 and 50 mM NaCl) and two levels of O3 (filtered air and 50 mm3 m-3)”
e4“Soil salinity significantly reduced PN and gs by 17 and 15 %, respectively, while Chl content was increased by 17 %”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil salinity significantly decreased stomatal conductance of wheat by 15 %.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plants of an Egyptian cultivar of wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Giza 63) were exposed in open-top chambers (OTCs) for 8 h d-1 for up to 75 d to a factorial combination of two levels of salinity (0 and 50 mM NaCl) and two levels of O3 (filtered air and 50 mm3 m-3)”
e4“Soil salinity significantly reduced PN and gs by 17 and 15 %, respectively, while Chl content was increased by 17 %”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil salinity increased chlorophyll content of wheat by 17 %.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Soil salinitye4
- Outcome
- Chl contente4
- Direction
- increasede4
- Value
- 17 %e4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plants of an Egyptian cultivar of wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Giza 63) were exposed in open-top chambers (OTCs) for 8 h d-1 for up to 75 d to a factorial combination of two levels of salinity (0 and 50 mM NaCl) and two levels of O3 (filtered air and 50 mm3 m-3)”
e4“Soil salinity significantly reduced PN and gs by 17 and 15 %, respectively, while Chl content was increased by 17 %”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil salinity decreased root growth of wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Soil salinitye4
- Outcome
- Root growthe5
- Direction
- decreasede5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plants of an Egyptian cultivar of wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Giza 63) were exposed in open-top chambers (OTCs) for 8 h d-1 for up to 75 d to a factorial combination of two levels of salinity (0 and 50 mM NaCl) and two levels of O3 (filtered air and 50 mm3 m-3)”
e4“Soil salinity significantly reduced PN and gs by 17 and 15 %, respectively, while Chl content was increased by 17 %”
e5“Root growth was decreased leading to an increase in root/shoot ratio”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil salinity increased the root/shoot ratio of wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Soil salinitye4
- Outcome
- root/shoot ratioe5
- Direction
- increasee5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plants of an Egyptian cultivar of wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Giza 63) were exposed in open-top chambers (OTCs) for 8 h d-1 for up to 75 d to a factorial combination of two levels of salinity (0 and 50 mM NaCl) and two levels of O3 (filtered air and 50 mm3 m-3)”
e4“Soil salinity significantly reduced PN and gs by 17 and 15 %, respectively, while Chl content was increased by 17 %”
e5“Root growth was decreased leading to an increase in root/shoot ratio”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress decreased yield parameters of wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- salt stresse6
- Outcome
- Yield parameterse6
- Direction
- decreasede6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plants of an Egyptian cultivar of wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Giza 63) were exposed in open-top chambers (OTCs) for 8 h d-1 for up to 75 d to a factorial combination of two levels of salinity (0 and 50 mM NaCl) and two levels of O3 (filtered air and 50 mm3 m-3)”
e6“Yield parameters were decreased due to salt stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity protected wheat against the adverse effects of O3 by increasing gs during O3 fumigation.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- salinitye7
- Outcome
- gse7
- Direction
- increasinge7
- Comparator
- O3 fumigatione7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plants of an Egyptian cultivar of wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Giza 63) were exposed in open-top chambers (OTCs) for 8 h d-1 for up to 75 d to a factorial combination of two levels of salinity (0 and 50 mM NaCl) and two levels of O3 (filtered air and 50 mm3 m-3)”
e7“salinity effectively protects against the adverse effects of O3 by increasing gs during O3 fumigation”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity and O3 interacted antagonistically in wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- salinity (50 mM NaCl)e1
- Outcome
- interactione1
- Direction
- antagonistice1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plants of an Egyptian cultivar of wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Giza 63) were exposed in open-top chambers (OTCs) for 8 h d-1 for up to 75 d to a factorial combination of two levels of salinity (0 and 50 mM NaCl) and two levels of O3 (filtered air and 50 mm3 m-3)”
e1“There was antagonistic interaction between salinity (50 mM NaCl) and O3 (50 mm3 m-3)”
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