Abstract

Experiments were conducted under field conditions to assess the growth, physiological and biochemical responses of wheat plants (Triticum aestivum L.) to supplemental UV-B radiation (7.1 kJ m-2) and enhanced ozone (0.07 μmol mol-1) separately and in combination. Enhanced UV-B radiation and O3 reduced biomass, yield, photosynthetic rate, chlorophyll, carotenoid and ascorbic acid contents and catalase activity, whereas increased total phenol content and peroxidase activity. Contents of flavonoids increased due to UV-B treatment. The interactive effects were, however, less than additive.

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Claims 7

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Enhanced UV-B and ozone reduced wheat biomass and yield.

Treatment
Enhanced UV-B radiation and O3e0
Outcome
biomass, yielde0
Direction
reducede0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Enhanced UV-B radiation and O3 reduced biomass, yield, photosynthetic rate, chlorophyll, carotenoid and ascorbic acid contents and catalase activity”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 263–411 · show in text ↑
t0

“Wheat”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 122–127 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Enhanced UV-B and ozone reduced wheat photosynthetic rate.

Treatment
Enhanced UV-B radiation and O3e0
Outcome
photosynthetic ratee0
Direction
reducede0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Enhanced UV-B radiation and O3 reduced biomass, yield, photosynthetic rate, chlorophyll, carotenoid and ascorbic acid contents and catalase activity”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 263–411 · show in text ↑
t0

“Wheat”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 122–127 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Enhanced UV-B and ozone reduced wheat chlorophyll, carotenoid and ascorbic acid contents.

Treatment
Enhanced UV-B radiation and O3e0
Outcome
chlorophyll, carotenoid and ascorbic acid contentse0
Direction
reducede0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Enhanced UV-B radiation and O3 reduced biomass, yield, photosynthetic rate, chlorophyll, carotenoid and ascorbic acid contents and catalase activity”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 263–411 · show in text ↑
t0

“Wheat”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 122–127 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Enhanced UV-B and ozone reduced wheat catalase activity.

Treatment
Enhanced UV-B radiation and O3e0
Outcome
catalase activitye0
Direction
reducede0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Enhanced UV-B radiation and O3 reduced biomass, yield, photosynthetic rate, chlorophyll, carotenoid and ascorbic acid contents and catalase activity”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 263–411 · show in text ↑
t0

“Wheat”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 122–127 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Enhanced UV-B and ozone increased wheat total phenol content and peroxidase activity.

Treatment
Enhanced UV-B radiation and O3e0
Outcome
total phenol content and peroxidase activitye0
Direction
increasede0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Enhanced UV-B radiation and O3 reduced biomass, yield, photosynthetic rate, chlorophyll, carotenoid and ascorbic acid contents and catalase activity, whereas increased total phenol content and peroxidase activity.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 263–476 · show in text ↑
t0

“Effects of Enhanced UV-B Radiation and Tropospheric Ozone on Physiological and Biochemical Characteristics of Field Grown Wheat”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–127 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

UV-B increased wheat flavonoid contents.

Treatment
UV-B treatmente0
Outcome
Contents of flavonoidse0
Direction
increasede0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Contents of flavonoids increased due to UV-B treatment.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 477–532 · show in text ↑
t0

“Wheat”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 122–127 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Combined UV-B and ozone effects were less than additive.

Outcome
interactive effectse0
Direction
less than additivee0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The interactive effects were, however, less than additive.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 533–591 · show in text ↑
t0

“Wheat”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 122–127 · show in text ↑

ozone · physiology: antioxidant enzymes · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results differ

9 papers: 1 positive, 8 negative or no effect

7 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. no effect
  3. negative

5 papers more in this group

See all 9 papers →

uv · physiology: antioxidant enzymes · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results differ

13 papers: 8 positive, 5 negative or no effect

4 papers in the same direction as this paper · 8 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

9 papers more in this group

See all 13 papers →

uv · physiology: pigments · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results differ

19 papers: 7 positive, 12 negative or no effect

11 papers in the same direction as this paper · 7 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

15 papers more in this group

See all 19 papers →

ozone · physiology: pigments · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results differ

21 papers: 0 positive, 21 negative or no effect

20 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. negative
  2. negative
  3. negative

17 papers more in this group

See all 21 papers →

uv · physiology: photosynthesis · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results differ

23 papers: 3 positive, 20 negative or no effect

19 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

19 papers more in this group

See all 23 papers →

uv · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results differ

25 papers: 8 positive, 17 negative or no effect

16 papers in the same direction as this paper · 8 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

21 papers more in this group

See all 25 papers →

ozone · physiology: photosynthesis · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results differ

47 papers: 2 positive, 45 negative or no effect

44 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. negative

43 papers more in this group

See all 47 papers →

ozone · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results differ

70 papers: 7 positive, 63 negative or no effect

62 papers in the same direction as this paper · 7 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

66 papers more in this group

See all 70 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.