Abstract
Abstract The potential of new corn hybrids in India is not obtained because of waterlogging. A field experiment on a Mollisol‐udoll soil was conducted 1) to study the response of five corn varieties (cultivars) to waterlogged conditions and 2) to determine the critical growth stages and duration of waterlogging at which yield is significantly reduced. Waterlogging affected growth rate, nutrient uptake, a number of other physiological processes, and yield. Waterlogging (48 hours and 72 hours) at knee‐high stage and tasselling stage retarded the growth of all the varieties except ‘Ganga‐2’ and submergence for 72 hours significantly reduced the uptake of N and K and increased P uptake in all the varieties. Calcium and Mg uptake were unaffected. The grain yield of varieties was found in the decreasing order of ‘Jaunpur’ < ‘Kisan’ < ‘Vijay’ < ‘Ganga‐7’ < Ganga‐2. Soil flooding at knee‐high stage was found to be more harmful than at tasseling stage. The critical limits of waterlogging at knee‐high stage were 72 hours for Ganga‐2 and 48 hours for other varieties. Flooding for 72 hours did not reduce the yield of Ganga‐2 at tasselling stage but yield of other varieties was significantly decreased. Ganga‐2 was more tolerant to waterlogging because it developed maximum gas spaces and an extensive adventitious root system at the surface of the water under waterlogged conditions.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Waterlogging for 48 or 72 hours at knee-high and tasselling stages retarded growth in all varieties except Ganga-2.
- Taxon
- Corn
Zea mays subsp. mayst0 - Organ / stage
- knee‐high stage and tasselling stagee0
- Treatment
- Waterlogging (48 hours and 72 hours)e0
- Outcome
- growthe0
- Direction
- retardede0
- Qualifier
- except ‘Ganga‐2’e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Waterlogging (48 hours and 72 hours) at knee‐high stage and tasselling stage retarded the growth of all the varieties except ‘Ganga‐2’”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Submergence for 72 hours reduced N uptake in all corn varieties.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- submergence for 72 hourse0
- Outcome
- Ne0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“submergence for 72 hours significantly reduced the uptake of N and K and increased P uptake in all the varieties”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Submergence for 72 hours reduced K uptake in all corn varieties.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- submergence for 72 hourse0
- Outcome
- Ke0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“submergence for 72 hours significantly reduced the uptake of N and K and increased P uptake in all the varieties”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Submergence for 72 hours increased P uptake in all corn varieties.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- submergence for 72 hourse0
- Outcome
- Pe0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“submergence for 72 hours significantly reduced the uptake of N and K and increased P uptake in all the varieties”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Calcium and Mg uptake were unaffected by submergence.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- Soil Submergencet0
- Outcome
- Calcium and Mg uptakee0
- Direction
- unaffectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Calcium and Mg uptake were unaffected”
t0“Soil Submergence Effects on Nutrient Uptake, Growth, and Yield of Five Corn Cultivars1”
Claim · model-written summary
Corn grain yield was ordered Jaunpur, Kisan, Vijay, Ganga-7, then Ganga-2 from lowest to highest.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Material
- ‘Jaunpur’ < ‘Kisan’ < ‘Vijay’ < ‘Ganga‐7’ < Ganga‐2e0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- decreasing ordere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The grain yield of varieties was found in the decreasing order of ‘Jaunpur’ < ‘Kisan’ < ‘Vijay’ < ‘Ganga‐7’ < Ganga‐2”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Flooding at knee-high stage was more harmful than flooding at tasseling stage.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- Soil flooding at knee‐high stagee0
- Outcome
- more harmfule0
- Direction
- more harmfule0
- Comparator
- at tasseling stagee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soil flooding at knee‐high stage was found to be more harmful than at tasseling stage”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
The critical knee-high waterlogging limit for Ganga‐2 was 72 hours.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Material
- Ganga‐2e0
- Organ / stage
- knee‐high stagee0
- Outcome
- critical limits of waterlogginge0
- Value
- 72 hourse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The critical limits of waterlogging at knee‐high stage were 72 hours for Ganga‐2 and 48 hours for other varieties”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
The critical knee-high waterlogging limit for other varieties was 48 hours.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Material
- other varietiese0
- Organ / stage
- knee‐high stagee0
- Outcome
- critical limits of waterlogginge0
- Value
- 48 hourse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The critical limits of waterlogging at knee‐high stage were 72 hours for Ganga‐2 and 48 hours for other varieties”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Seventy-two hours of flooding at tasselling did not reduce Ganga-2 yield.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Material
- Ganga‐2e0
- Organ / stage
- tasselling stagee0
- Treatment
- Flooding for 72 hourse0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- did not reducee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Flooding for 72 hours did not reduce the yield of Ganga‐2 at tasselling stage”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Seventy-two hours of flooding significantly decreased yield in the other varieties.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Material
- other varietiese0
- Treatment
- Flooding for 72 hourse0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Flooding for 72 hours did not reduce the yield of Ganga‐2 at tasselling stage but yield of other varieties was significantly decreased”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Ganga-2 had maximum gas spaces under waterlogging.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Material
- Ganga‐2e0
- Treatment
- waterlogged conditionse0
- Outcome
- maximum gas spacese0
- Direction
- maximume0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ganga‐2 was more tolerant to waterlogging because it developed maximum gas spaces and an extensive adventitious root system at the surface of the water under waterlogged conditions”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Ganga-2 developed an extensive adventitious root system at the water surface under waterlogging.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Material
- Ganga‐2e0
- Treatment
- waterlogged conditionse0
- Outcome
- extensive adventitious root system at the surface of the watere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ganga‐2 was more tolerant to waterlogging because it developed maximum gas spaces and an extensive adventitious root system at the surface of the water under waterlogged conditions”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors attribute Ganga-2 waterlogging tolerance to gas spaces and adventitious roots.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Material
- Ganga‐2e0
- Outcome
- more tolerant to waterlogginge0
- Qualifier
- maximum gas spaces and an extensive adventitious root systeme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ganga‐2 was more tolerant to waterlogging because it developed maximum gas spaces and an extensive adventitious root system at the surface of the water under waterlogged conditions”
t0“Corn”
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