Abstract
The phytotoxicity imposed by cadmium (Cd) in sunflower was investigated on biomass, Cd accumulation, superoxide and lipid peroxidation product as well as the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase and peroxidase. Plants accumulate substantial amount of Cd in different parts, the maximum being in roots, i.e., up to 820 μg g−1 dry matter. Cadmium induced oxidative stress, indicated by increase in lipid peroxidation and superoxide content with increase in metal supply. Under Cd stress, the activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase declined to a greater extent in roots than in leaves. Even though the peroxidase activity increased in leaves, a decreasing trend was observed in root due to Cd stress. The threshold of toxicity (10% growth reduction) and toxicity (33% growth reduction) values of Cd in sunflower were 14 and 72 μg g−1 in leaves, 19 and 90 μg g−1 in stem and 65 and 250 μg g−1 Cd in roots, respectively.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Sunflower accumulated cadmium most in roots, up to 820 μg g−1 dry matter.
- Taxon
- sunflower
Helianthus annuust0 - Organ / stage
- rootse0
- Outcome
- Cd in different partse0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 820 μg g−1 dry mattere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plants accumulate substantial amount of Cd in different parts, the maximum being in roots, i.e., up to 820 μg g−1 dry matter.”
t0“SUNFLOWER”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing cadmium supply increased lipid peroxidation and superoxide content.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- Cadmiume0
- Outcome
- lipid peroxidation and superoxide contente0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cadmium induced oxidative stress, indicated by increase in lipid peroxidation and superoxide content with increase in metal supply.”
t0“SUNFLOWER”
Claim · model-written summary
Under Cd stress, superoxide dismutase and catalase activities declined more in roots than leaves.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Organ / stage
- rootse0
- Treatment
- Cd stresse0
- Outcome
- activities of superoxide dismutase and catalasee0
- Direction
- declinede0
- Comparator
- leavese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under Cd stress, the activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase declined to a greater extent in roots than in leaves.”
t0“SUNFLOWER”
Claim · model-written summary
Under Cd stress, peroxidase activity increased in leaves.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Treatment
- Cd stresse0
- Outcome
- peroxidase activitye0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Even though the peroxidase activity increased in leaves, a decreasing trend was observed in root due to Cd stress.”
t0“SUNFLOWER”
Claim · model-written summary
Under Cd stress, root peroxidase activity decreased.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Organ / stage
- roote0
- Treatment
- Cd stresse0
- Outcome
- peroxidase activitye0
- Direction
- decreasinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Even though the peroxidase activity increased in leaves, a decreasing trend was observed in root due to Cd stress.”
t0“SUNFLOWER”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf Cd thresholds for 10% and 33% sunflower growth reduction were 14 and 72 μg g−1.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuuse0
- Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Outcome
- growth reductione0
- Value
- 14 and 72 μg g−1e0
- Qualifier
- 10% growth reductione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The threshold of toxicity (10% growth reduction) and toxicity (33% growth reduction) values of Cd in sunflower were 14 and 72 μg g−1 in leaves, 19 and 90 μg g−1 in stem and 65 and 250 μg g−1 Cd in roots, respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
Stem Cd thresholds for 10% and 33% sunflower growth reduction were 19 and 90 μg g−1.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuuse0
- Organ / stage
- steme0
- Outcome
- growth reductione0
- Value
- 19 and 90 μg g−1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The threshold of toxicity (10% growth reduction) and toxicity (33% growth reduction) values of Cd in sunflower were 14 and 72 μg g−1 in leaves, 19 and 90 μg g−1 in stem and 65 and 250 μg g−1 Cd in roots, respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
Root Cd thresholds for 10% and 33% sunflower growth reduction were 65 and 250 μg g−1.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuuse0
- Organ / stage
- rootse0
- Outcome
- growth reductione0
- Value
- 65 and 250 μg g−1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The threshold of toxicity (10% growth reduction) and toxicity (33% growth reduction) values of Cd in sunflower were 14 and 72 μg g−1 in leaves, 19 and 90 μg g−1 in stem and 65 and 250 μg g−1 Cd in roots, respectively.”
The same questions in other papers
cadmium atom · physiology: antioxidant enzymes · Helianthus annuus (common sunflower)Results differ
3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
4 papers more in this group
See all 8 papers →cadmium atom · physiology: oxidative · Helianthus annuus (common sunflower)Results differ
9 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- positive
- negative
- negative
7 papers more in this group
See all 11 papers →heavy metal · physiology: antioxidant enzymes · Helianthus annuus (common sunflower)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- positive
- negative
- no effect
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.