Abstract
The significance of changes in cytokinin content during early fruit growth was examined in the kiwifruit ( Actinidia deliciosa var. deliciosa cv. Hayward). Fruit growth was modified by the reduction of seed number or by the application of the synthetic phenylurea cytokinin N ‐(2‐chloro‐4‐pyridyl)‐ N ‐phenylurea (CPPU). The influence of these treatments on cell division was monitored by flow cytometry and changes in the endogenous cytokinins were measured at days 10 and 20 after anthesis, using high‐performance liquid chromatography and radioimmunoassay. Total cytokinin levels appeared not to be limiting growth since the highest total cytokinin concentration was detected in unpollinated fruit, which abscised by day 25 after anthesis. However, compared with control fruit which had the highest concentration of zeatin (Z) 10 days post anthesis, Z levels were low in unpollinated fruit. It is hypothesised that an increase in Z is the critical change in cytokinin metabolism required for the initiation of cell division and fruit growth. The synthetic cytokinin CPPU promoted fruit development, but there was a decrease in the endogenous cytokinin concentration. Zeatin was not detected in CPPU‐treated fruit. Cell division was reduced in unpollinated fruitlets but there was no significant difference ( P > 0.05) between the other treatments. Differences in final fruit size appeared to be due to cell expansion.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Unpollinated fruit had the highest total cytokinin concentration yet abscised by day 25.
- Taxon
- kiwifruit
Actinidia deliciosae1 - Organ / stage
- unpollinated fruite0
- Outcome
- highest total cytokinin concentratione0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Qualifier
- day 25 after anthesise0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the highest total cytokinin concentration was detected in unpollinated fruit, which abscised by day 25 after anthesis.”
e1“kiwifruit”
Claim · model-written summary
Unpollinated fruit had low zeatin levels relative to controls at day 10.
- Taxon
- kiwifruitActinidia deliciosae1
- Organ / stage
- unpollinated fruite0
- Outcome
- Z levelse0
- Direction
- lowe0
- Comparator
- control fruite0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“compared with control fruit which had the highest concentration of zeatin (Z) 10 days post anthesis, Z levels were low in unpollinated fruit.”
e1“kiwifruit”
Claim · model-written summary
An increase in zeatin is hypothesized to initiate cell division and fruit growth.
- Taxon
- kiwifruitActinidia deliciosae1
- Compound
- Ze0
- Outcome
- initiation of cell division and fruit growthe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“It is hypothesised that an increase in Z is the critical change in cytokinin metabolism required for the initiation of cell division and fruit growth.”
e1“kiwifruit”
Claim · model-written summary
CPPU promoted fruit development.
- Taxon
- kiwifruitActinidia deliciosae1
- Treatment
- CPPUe0
- Outcome
- fruit developmente0
- Direction
- promotede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The synthetic cytokinin CPPU promoted fruit development”
e1“kiwifruit”
Claim · model-written summary
CPPU decreased endogenous cytokinin concentration.
- Taxon
- kiwifruitActinidia deliciosae2
- Treatment
- CPPUe1
- Outcome
- endogenous cytokinin concentratione0
- Direction
- decreasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“there was a decrease in the endogenous cytokinin concentration.”
e1“CPPU‐treated fruit”
e2“kiwifruit”
Claim · model-written summary
Zeatin was undetected in CPPU-treated fruit.
- Taxon
- kiwifruitActinidia deliciosae1
- Treatment
- CPPUe0
- Outcome
- Zeatin was not detectede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Zeatin was not detected in CPPU‐treated fruit.”
e1“kiwifruit”
Claim · model-written summary
Cell division was reduced in unpollinated fruitlets.
- Taxon
- kiwifruitActinidia deliciosae1
- Organ / stage
- unpollinated fruitletse0
- Outcome
- Cell divisione0
- Direction
- reducede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cell division was reduced in unpollinated fruitlets”
e1“kiwifruit”
Claim · model-written summary
Cell division did not differ significantly among the remaining treatments.
- Taxon
- kiwifruitActinidia deliciosae2
- Outcome
- Cell divisione1
- Direction
- no significant differencee0
- Value
- P > 0.05e0
- Comparator
- the other treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“there was no significant difference ( P > 0.05) between the other treatments.”
e1“Cell division was reduced in unpollinated fruitlets”
e2“kiwifruit”
Claim · model-written summary
Final fruit size differences appeared attributable to cell expansion.
- Taxon
- kiwifruitActinidia deliciosae1
- Outcome
- Differences in final fruit sizee0
- Qualifier
- cell expansione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Differences in final fruit size appeared to be due to cell expansion.”
e1“kiwifruit”
The same questions in other papers
forchlorfenuron · growth · Actinidia deliciosa (kiwifruit)Positive and negative results
4 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
- positive
2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.