Abstract
Corn pollen germination on an aqueous medium containing sucrose, calcium, boron, and 1% methyl cellulose produced tubes which attained growth rates of 12 μ/min at 30 °C. After 30 to 60 min they fell to about half this value. Rates of elongation in the early stages of growth increased with a Q 10 of 2 between 12 and 30 °C. The time required for the initiation of germination is a hyperbolic function of temperature. Maximum germination occurred at 20–23 °C; maximum rate of elongation during the first hour at 30–33 °C.Only a trace of germination occurred below 50 p.p.m. CaCl 2 ∙2H 2 O and maxi mum at 250–300 p.p.m. Calcium levels had no effect on the time of initiation of germination, on the rate of elongation at 30 °C nor on the mean tube lengths after 30 min and 60 min of germination. A "population effect" was evident on the aqueous medium and was more pronounced at low levels of calcium.Two types of tests produced no evidence of a chemotropic response of pollen tubes to a calcium gradient. Pieces of style and endosperm also gave negative results. The pollen tube growth rates and lengths attained indicate that we are not yet able to control the factors for sustained growth. Some possible factors are discussed.
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
Corn pollen tubes initially grew at 12 μ/min at 30 °C.
- Taxon
- Corn
Zea mays subsp. mayse0 - Organ / stage
- pollene0
- Outcome
- growth ratese0
- Value
- 12 μ/mine0
- Qualifier
- 30 °Ce0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Corn pollen germination on an aqueous medium containing sucrose, calcium, boron, and 1% methyl cellulose produced tubes which attained growth rates of 12 μ/min at 30 °C”
Claim · model-written summary
After 30 to 60 minutes, corn pollen tube growth rates fell to about half.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayse1
- Organ / stage
- pollene1
- Outcome
- growth ratese2
- Direction
- felle0
- Value
- about halfe0
- Qualifier
- After 30 to 60 mine0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“After 30 to 60 min they fell to about half this value”
e1“Corn pollen germination”
e2“growth rates of 12 μ/min at 30 °C”
Claim · model-written summary
Early corn pollen tube elongation increased with Q 10 of 2 from 12 to 30 °C.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayse1
- Organ / stage
- pollene1
- Treatment
- between 12 and 30 °Ce0
- Outcome
- Rates of elongatione0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- Q 10 of 2e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Rates of elongation in the early stages of growth increased with a Q 10 of 2 between 12 and 30 °C”
e1“Corn pollen germination”
Claim · model-written summary
Corn pollen germination initiation time was a hyperbolic function of temperature.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayse1
- Organ / stage
- pollene1
- Treatment
- temperaturee0
- Outcome
- time required for the initiation of germinatione0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The time required for the initiation of germination is a hyperbolic function of temperature”
e1“Corn pollen germination”
Claim · model-written summary
Corn pollen germination peaked at 20–23 °C.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayse1
- Outcome
- Maximum germinatione0
- Direction
- Maximume0
- Value
- 20–23 °Ce0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maximum germination occurred at 20–23 °C”
e1“Corn pollen germination”
Claim · model-written summary
Corn pollen tube elongation rate in the first hour peaked at 30–33 °C.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayse1
- Outcome
- maximum rate of elongatione0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 30–33 °Ce0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“maximum rate of elongation during the first hour at 30–33 °C”
e1“Corn pollen germination”
Claim · model-written summary
Corn pollen germination was only a trace below 50 p.p.m. calcium chloride.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayse1
- Treatment
- below 50 p.p.m. CaCl 2 ∙2H 2 Oe0
- Outcome
- germinatione0
- Direction
- Only a tracee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Only a trace of germination occurred below 50 p.p.m. CaCl 2 ∙2H 2 O”
e1“Corn pollen germination”
Claim · model-written summary
Corn pollen germination peaked at 250–300 p.p.m. calcium chloride.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayse2
- Treatment
- 250–300 p.p.m.e0
- Outcome
- germinatione1
- Direction
- maxi mume0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“maxi mum at 250–300 p.p.m.”
e1“germination occurred below 50 p.p.m. CaCl 2 ∙2H 2 O”
e2“Corn pollen germination”
Claim · model-written summary
Calcium level did not change corn pollen germination initiation time.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayse1
- Treatment
- Calcium levelse0
- Outcome
- time of initiation of germinatione0
- Direction
- no effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Calcium levels had no effect on the time of initiation of germination”
e1“Corn pollen germination”
Claim · model-written summary
Calcium level did not change corn pollen tube elongation rate at 30 °C.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayse1
- Treatment
- Calcium levelse0
- Outcome
- rate of elongatione0
- Direction
- no effecte0
- Qualifier
- 30 °Ce0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Calcium levels had no effect on the time of initiation of germination, on the rate of elongation at 30 °C”
e1“Corn pollen germination”
Claim · model-written summary
Calcium level did not change corn pollen tube lengths after 30 or 60 minutes.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayse1
- Treatment
- Calcium levelse0
- Outcome
- mean tube lengthse0
- Direction
- no effecte0
- Qualifier
- after 30 min and 60 min of germinatione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Calcium levels had no effect on the time of initiation of germination, on the rate of elongation at 30 °C nor on the mean tube lengths after 30 min and 60 min of germination”
e1“Corn pollen germination”
Claim · model-written summary
A pollen population effect on corn pollen germination was stronger at low calcium.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayse1
- Treatment
- low levels of calciume0
- Outcome
- "population effect"e0
- Direction
- more pronouncede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A "population effect" was evident on the aqueous medium and was more pronounced at low levels of calcium”
e1“Corn pollen germination”
Claim · model-written summary
Tests found no corn pollen tube chemotropism toward a calcium gradient.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayse1
- Outcome
- no evidence of a chemotropic response of pollen tubes to a calcium gradiente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Two types of tests produced no evidence of a chemotropic response of pollen tubes to a calcium gradient”
e1“Corn pollen germination”
Claim · model-written summary
Style and endosperm pieces also did not induce corn pollen tube chemotropism.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayse2
- Organ / stage
- style and endosperme0
- Outcome
- negative resultse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pieces of style and endosperm also gave negative results”
e1“a chemotropic response of pollen tubes to a calcium gradient”
e2“Corn pollen germination”
Claim · model-written summary
Observed corn pollen tube growth did not sustain high growth rates.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayse1
- Outcome
- pollen tube growth rates and lengths attainede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The pollen tube growth rates and lengths attained indicate that we are not yet able to control the factors for sustained growth”
e1“Corn pollen germination”
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