Abstract
Anthracnose disease caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Penz. is the major problem of harvested mango for domestic markets and for export. Control of anthracnose disease is currently based on the application of fungicides. However, it was reported that there are some chemical residues of chemical in mango and in the environment. Therefore, safe alternative methods for controlling anthracnose disease were studied. The aim of this experiment was to evaluate the antifungal properties of modified coconut oil (MCO) in vitro test and to investigate the combined effects of ethanolic shellac - modified coconut oil solution (ES-MCO), hot water (HW) and UV-C treatments on controlling anthracnose disease and maintaining postharvest quality of mango fruit cv. Chok-Anan (in vivo test). The antifungal activity of the MCO was determined by a paper disc method and tested the survival of MCO treated-fungal spores on PDA. The results revealed that 2% MCO significantly inhibited the mycelail growth of C. gloeosporioides on paper disc and completely killed fungal spore on PDA. In vivo test, harvested mangoes were cleaned with a solution of 100 ppm sodium hypochlorite and air dried. The fruit were treated with HW, UV-C followed by ES-MCO coating (HW + UV-C + ES-MCO), HW followed by UV-C (HW + UV-C), or ES-MCO alone. Untreated fruit served as the control. All fruit samples were then kept at 13°C for 15 days. HW + UV-C + ES-MCO treatments showed the most effective in reducing anthracnose disease, followed by HW + UV-C treatments, and ES-MCO treatment, while the control fruit showed the greatest symptoms of anthracnose disease. In addition, both the ES-MCO alone and the combined treatments of HW + UV-C + ES-MCO significantly delayed ripening of fruit by retarding firmness, weight loss, total soluble solids (TSS), titratable acidity (TA), ethylene production and respiration rate, while the peel and pulp color of mango fruit were maintained throughout the storage period. This founding shows that HW + UV-C + ES-MCO treatments may act as the safe alternative methods to suppress anthracnose disease and delayed the senescence of mango fruit during cold storage.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
2% modified coconut oil significantly inhibited mycelial growth of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides on paper discs.
- Taxon
- Mango
_from_India.jpg?width=60)
Mangifera indicat0 - Treatment
- 2% MCOe0
- Interactor
- C. gloeosporioides
Colletotrichum gloeosporioidese0pathogen - Outcome
- mycelail growthe0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_from_India.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
t0“Harvested Mango cv. ‘Chok-Anan’”
e0“2% MCO significantly inhibited the mycelail growth of C. gloeosporioides on paper disc and completely killed fungal spore on PDA”
Claim · model-written summary
2% modified coconut oil completely killed fungal spores of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides on PDA.
- Taxon
- MangoMangifera indicat0
- Treatment
- 2% MCOe0
- Interactor
- C. gloeosporioidesColletotrichum gloeosporioidese0pathogen
- Outcome
- fungal sporee0
- Direction
- completely killede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Harvested Mango cv. ‘Chok-Anan’”
e0“2% MCO significantly inhibited the mycelail growth of C. gloeosporioides on paper disc and completely killed fungal spore on PDA”
Claim · model-written summary
The combined HW + UV-C + ES-MCO treatment was most effective in reducing anthracnose disease of mango compared with the control.
- Taxon
- MangoMangifera indicat0
- Material
- Chok-Anant0
- Treatment
- HW + UV-C + ES-MCO treatmentse1
- Outcome
- anthracnose diseasee1
- Direction
- reducinge1
- Comparator
- control fruite1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Harvested Mango cv. ‘Chok-Anan’”
e1“HW + UV-C + ES-MCO treatments showed the most effective in reducing anthracnose disease, followed by HW + UV-C treatments, and ES-MCO treatment, while the control fruit showed the greatest symptoms of anthracnose disease”
Claim · model-written summary
HW + UV-C treatment reduced anthracnose disease of mango compared with the control, less than the combined treatment.
- Taxon
- MangoMangifera indicat0
- Material
- Chok-Anant0
- Treatment
- HW + UV-C treatmentse1
- Outcome
- anthracnose diseasee1
- Direction
- reducinge1
- Comparator
- control fruite1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Harvested Mango cv. ‘Chok-Anan’”
e1“HW + UV-C + ES-MCO treatments showed the most effective in reducing anthracnose disease, followed by HW + UV-C treatments, and ES-MCO treatment, while the control fruit showed the greatest symptoms of anthracnose disease”
Claim · model-written summary
ES-MCO coating alone reduced anthracnose disease of mango compared with the control, less than the combined treatments.
- Taxon
- MangoMangifera indicat0
- Material
- Chok-Anant0
- Treatment
- ES-MCO treatmente1
- Outcome
- anthracnose diseasee1
- Direction
- reducinge1
- Comparator
- control fruite1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Harvested Mango cv. ‘Chok-Anan’”
e1“HW + UV-C + ES-MCO treatments showed the most effective in reducing anthracnose disease, followed by HW + UV-C treatments, and ES-MCO treatment, while the control fruit showed the greatest symptoms of anthracnose disease”
Claim · model-written summary
ES-MCO coating alone significantly delayed ripening of mango fruit during cold storage.
- Taxon
- MangoMangifera indicat0
- Material
- Chok-Anant0
- Treatment
- ES-MCO alonee2
- Outcome
- ripening of fruite2
- Direction
- delayede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Harvested Mango cv. ‘Chok-Anan’”
e2“both the ES-MCO alone and the combined treatments of HW + UV-C + ES-MCO significantly delayed ripening of fruit by retarding firmness, weight loss, total soluble solids (TSS), titratable acidity (TA), ethylene production and respiration rate”
Claim · model-written summary
ES-MCO coating alone significantly retarded changes in firmness, weight loss and total soluble solids of mango.
- Taxon
- MangoMangifera indicat0
- Material
- Chok-Anant0
- Treatment
- ES-MCO alonee2
- Outcome
- firmness, weight loss, total soluble solids (TSS)e2
- Direction
- retardinge2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Harvested Mango cv. ‘Chok-Anan’”
e2“both the ES-MCO alone and the combined treatments of HW + UV-C + ES-MCO significantly delayed ripening of fruit by retarding firmness, weight loss, total soluble solids (TSS), titratable acidity (TA), ethylene production and respiration rate”
Claim · model-written summary
ES-MCO coating alone significantly retarded changes in titratable acidity, ethylene production and respiration rate of mango.
- Taxon
- MangoMangifera indicat0
- Material
- Chok-Anant0
- Treatment
- ES-MCO alonee2
- Outcome
- titratable acidity (TA), ethylene production and respiration ratee2
- Direction
- retardinge2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Harvested Mango cv. ‘Chok-Anan’”
e2“both the ES-MCO alone and the combined treatments of HW + UV-C + ES-MCO significantly delayed ripening of fruit by retarding firmness, weight loss, total soluble solids (TSS), titratable acidity (TA), ethylene production and respiration rate”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined HW + UV-C + ES-MCO treatment significantly delayed ripening of mango fruit during cold storage.
- Taxon
- MangoMangifera indicat0
- Material
- Chok-Anant0
- Treatment
- HW + UV-C + ES-MCOe2
- Outcome
- ripening of fruite2
- Direction
- delayede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Harvested Mango cv. ‘Chok-Anan’”
e2“both the ES-MCO alone and the combined treatments of HW + UV-C + ES-MCO significantly delayed ripening of fruit by retarding firmness, weight loss, total soluble solids (TSS), titratable acidity (TA), ethylene production and respiration rate”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined HW + UV-C + ES-MCO treatment significantly retarded changes in firmness, weight loss and total soluble solids of mango.
- Taxon
- MangoMangifera indicat0
- Material
- Chok-Anant0
- Treatment
- HW + UV-C + ES-MCOe2
- Outcome
- firmness, weight loss, total soluble solids (TSS)e2
- Direction
- retardinge2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Harvested Mango cv. ‘Chok-Anan’”
e2“both the ES-MCO alone and the combined treatments of HW + UV-C + ES-MCO significantly delayed ripening of fruit by retarding firmness, weight loss, total soluble solids (TSS), titratable acidity (TA), ethylene production and respiration rate”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined HW + UV-C + ES-MCO treatment significantly retarded changes in titratable acidity, ethylene production and respiration rate of mango.
- Taxon
- MangoMangifera indicat0
- Material
- Chok-Anant0
- Treatment
- HW + UV-C + ES-MCOe2
- Outcome
- titratable acidity (TA), ethylene production and respiration ratee2
- Direction
- retardinge2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Harvested Mango cv. ‘Chok-Anan’”
e2“both the ES-MCO alone and the combined treatments of HW + UV-C + ES-MCO significantly delayed ripening of fruit by retarding firmness, weight loss, total soluble solids (TSS), titratable acidity (TA), ethylene production and respiration rate”
Claim · model-written summary
Peel and pulp color of mango fruit were maintained throughout cold storage.
- Taxon
- MangoMangifera indicat0
- Organ / stage
- peel and pulpe3
- Outcome
- peel and pulp colore3
- Direction
- maintainede3
- Qualifier
- throughout the storage periode3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Harvested Mango cv. ‘Chok-Anan’”
e3“while the peel and pulp color of mango fruit were maintained throughout the storage period”
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