Abstract
Field experiments were conducted from 1999 to 2001 to evaluate preemergence (PRE) activity of cloransulam on broadleaf weed species and to determine the effectiveness of cloransulam as a PRE herbicide in glyphosate-resistant soybean weed management systems. Cloransulam PRE controlled prickly sida, velvetleaf, and morningglory species even at reduced rates (recommended rate 36 g ai/ha) but only suppressed growth of Palmer amaranth, hemp sesbania, and sicklepod. Cloransulam applied PRE provided initial control or suppression of most weeds, but late-season control declined appreciably. Adding metribuzin to cloransulam PRE generally improved control of hemp sesbania, Palmer amaranth, annual grasses, and morningglory species, leading to soybean yield increases. Control of weeds was greater on a silt loam soil compared with a silty clay soil. Delayed herbicide activation by rainfall or irrigation reduced control of hemp sesbania and prickly sida and affected efficacy more than soil texture. Single postemergence (POST) applications of glyphosate or fomesafen plus fluazifop-P provided 90% or less control of most weed species. When glyphosate POST or fomesafen plus fluazifop-P POST followed PRE applications of cloransulam or cloransulam plus metribuzin PRE, control of all weeds was generally greater than 85%. The highest soybean yields were recorded from treatments that contained sequential PRE followed by (fb) POST herbicide applications. Composition of weed flora determined the effect of herbicide program on soybean seed yield. No yield benefit was gained from the sequential program when the dominant species was Palmer amaranth, which was controlled by glyphosate. When hemp sesbania was the dominant species, PRE herbicides fb glyphosate POST increased yield compared with total POST glyphosate.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Cloransulam PRE controlled prickly sida, velvetleaf, and morningglory species even at reduced rates.
- Taxon
- Soybean
Glycine maxt0 - Treatment
- Cloransulam PREe0
- Interactor
- prickly sidae0weed
- Outcome
- controlled prickly sida, velvetleaf, and morningglory speciese0
- Direction
- controllede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cloransulam PRE controlled prickly sida, velvetleaf, and morningglory species even at reduced rates (recommended rate 36 g ai/ha)”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Cloransulam PRE only suppressed Palmer amaranth, hemp sesbania, and sicklepod growth.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Cloransulam PREe0
- Interactor
- Palmer amaranthe0weed
- Outcome
- growth of Palmer amaranth, hemp sesbania, and sicklepode0
- Direction
- suppressede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cloransulam PRE controlled prickly sida, velvetleaf, and morningglory species even at reduced rates (recommended rate 36 g ai/ha) but only suppressed growth of Palmer amaranth, hemp sesbania, and sicklepod”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Late-season weed control declined after cloransulam PRE.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Cloransulam applied PREe0
- Interactor
- weedse0weed
- Outcome
- late-season controle0
- Direction
- declined appreciablye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cloransulam applied PRE provided initial control or suppression of most weeds, but late-season control declined appreciably.”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Adding metribuzin generally improved weed control.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Adding metribuzin to cloransulam PREe0
- Interactor
- hemp sesbaniae0weed
- Outcome
- control of hemp sesbania, Palmer amaranth, annual grasses, and morningglory speciese0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Comparator
- cloransulam PREe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Adding metribuzin to cloransulam PRE generally improved control of hemp sesbania, Palmer amaranth, annual grasses, and morningglory species”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Adding metribuzin to cloransulam PRE led to soybean yield increases.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Adding metribuzin to cloransulam PREe0
- Outcome
- soybean yielde0
- Direction
- increasese0
- Comparator
- cloransulam PREe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Adding metribuzin to cloransulam PRE generally improved control of hemp sesbania, Palmer amaranth, annual grasses, and morningglory species, leading to soybean yield increases.”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Weed control was greater on silt loam than silty clay.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Interactor
- weedse0weed
- Outcome
- Control of weedse0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- silty clay soile0
- Setting
- silt loam soile0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Control of weeds was greater on a silt loam soil compared with a silty clay soil.”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Delayed rainfall or irrigation activation reduced control of hemp sesbania and prickly sida.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Delayed herbicide activation by rainfall or irrigatione0
- Interactor
- hemp sesbaniae0weed
- Outcome
- control of hemp sesbania and prickly sidae0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Comparator
- soil texturee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Delayed herbicide activation by rainfall or irrigation reduced control of hemp sesbania and prickly sida and affected efficacy more than soil texture.”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Single POST glyphosate or fomesafen plus fluazifop-P controlled most weeds at 90% or less.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Single postemergence (POST) applications of glyphosate or fomesafen plus fluazifop-Pe0
- Interactor
- weed speciese0weed
- Outcome
- control of most weed speciese0
- Value
- 90% or lesse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Single postemergence (POST) applications of glyphosate or fomesafen plus fluazifop-P provided 90% or less control of most weed species.”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Sequential PRE and POST herbicides generally controlled all weeds above 85%.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- glyphosate POST or fomesafen plus fluazifop-P POST followed PRE applications of cloransulam or cloransulam plus metribuzin PREe0
- Interactor
- weedse0weed
- Outcome
- control of all weedse0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Value
- 85%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When glyphosate POST or fomesafen plus fluazifop-P POST followed PRE applications of cloransulam or cloransulam plus metribuzin PRE, control of all weeds was generally greater than 85%.”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Sequential PRE followed by POST treatments gave the highest soybean yields.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- sequential PRE followed by (fb) POST herbicide applicationse0
- Outcome
- soybean yieldse0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest soybean yields were recorded from treatments that contained sequential PRE followed by (fb) POST herbicide applications.”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Weed flora composition determined the herbicide program effect on soybean seed yield.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Interactor
- weed florae0weed
- Outcome
- effect of herbicide program on soybean seed yielde0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Composition of weed flora determined the effect of herbicide program on soybean seed yield.”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
The sequential program gave no yield benefit when Palmer amaranth dominated and glyphosate controlled it.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- sequential programe0
- Interactor
- Palmer amaranthe0weed
- Outcome
- yield benefite0
- Direction
- Noe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“No yield benefit was gained from the sequential program when the dominant species was Palmer amaranth, which was controlled by glyphosate.”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
With hemp sesbania dominant, PRE herbicides followed by glyphosate POST increased yield versus total POST glyphosate.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- PRE herbicides fb glyphosate POSTe0
- Interactor
- hemp sesbaniae0weed
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- total POST glyphosatee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When hemp sesbania was the dominant species, PRE herbicides fb glyphosate POST increased yield compared with total POST glyphosate.”
t0“Soybean”
The same questions in other papers
metribuzin · yield · Glycine max (soybean)Results differ
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19 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
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42 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
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41 papers in the same direction as this paper · 8 in the opposite direction · 6 reporting no difference from an alternative
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See all 56 papers →8 of 14 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.