Abstract
The antifungal properties of a hydrophobic neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss.) seed extract (clarified neem oil) were tested against three postharvest apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) pathogens— Botrytis cinerea (pers.) ex Fr. (gray mold), Penicillium expansum Thom. (blue mold rot), and Glomerella cingulata (Ston.) Spauld. & Schrenk. (bitter rot). The antifungal activity of neem seed oil also was compared to that of CaCl 2 . A 2% aqueous emulsion of the clarified neem seed oil was moderately fungicidal to B. cinerea and G. cingulata in inoculated fruit, but bad little activity against P. expansum. Ethylene production was reduced 80% in fruit dipped in 2% neem seed oil compared to wounded, inoculated controls. Neem seed oil was as effective an antifungal agent as CaCl 2 , but the effects of the two combined were not additive.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
A 2% neem oil emulsion was moderately fungicidal to Botrytis cinerea in inoculated apple fruit.
- Taxon
- Apple
Malus domesticat0 - Treatment
- 2% aqueous emulsion of the clarified neem seed oile0
- Interactor
- B. cinerea
Botrytis cinereae0pathogen - Outcome
- moderately fungicidale0
- Direction
- moderately fungicidale0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A 2% aqueous emulsion of the clarified neem seed oil was moderately fungicidal to B. cinerea and G. cingulata in inoculated fruit”
t0“Apple”
Claim · model-written summary
A 2% neem oil emulsion was moderately fungicidal to Glomerella cingulata in inoculated apple fruit.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- 2% aqueous emulsion of the clarified neem seed oile0
- Interactor
- G. cingulata
Colletotrichum gloeosporioidese0pathogen - Outcome
- moderately fungicidale0
- Direction
- moderately fungicidale0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A 2% aqueous emulsion of the clarified neem seed oil was moderately fungicidal to B. cinerea and G. cingulata in inoculated fruit”
t0“Apple”
Claim · model-written summary
The neem oil emulsion had little activity against Penicillium expansum.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- Neem Seed Oilt0
- Interactor
- P. expansum
Penicillium expansume0pathogen - Outcome
- little activitye0
- Direction
- little activitye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“but bad little activity against P. expansum”
t0“Comparing Neem Seed Oil with Calcium Chloride and Fungicides for Controlling Postharvest Apple Decay”
Claim · model-written summary
Neem oil dipping reduced ethylene production by 80% relative to wounded inoculated controls.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- 2% neem seed oile0
- Outcome
- Ethylene productione0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 80%e0
- Comparator
- wounded, inoculated controlse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ethylene production was reduced 80% in fruit dipped in 2% neem seed oil compared to wounded, inoculated controls”
t0“Apple”
Claim · model-written summary
Neem seed oil was as effective an antifungal agent as calcium chloride.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- Neem seed oile0
- Outcome
- antifungal agente0
- Direction
- as effectivee0
- Comparator
- CaCl 2e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Neem seed oil was as effective an antifungal agent as CaCl 2”
t0“Apple”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined neem oil and calcium chloride had no additive antifungal effect.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- Neem Seed Oil with Calcium Chloridet0
- Outcome
- effects of the two combinede0
- Direction
- not additivee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“but the effects of the two combined were not additive”
t0“Comparing Neem Seed Oil with Calcium Chloride and Fungicides for Controlling Postharvest Apple Decay”
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See all 10 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.