Abstract
A study was conducted over a 3-yr period (2003, 2004, and 2005) to evaluate the effect of reduced herbicide rates, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100% of the manufacturer’s recommended rate (MRR) on weed control, environmental impact (EI), yield and profitability of corn in Ontario. The herbicide rate required to provide 90% or greater control of velvetleaf, redroot pigweed, common ragweed, common lamb’s-quarters and annual grasses was 60, 20, 60, 40, and 60% of the MRR for isoxaflutole plus atrazine, 100, 20, 40, 20, and 80% of the MRR for dimethenamid plus dicamba/atrazine, <100, 20, 60, 60, and 60% of the MRR for glufosinate plus atrazine, and 20, 20, 20, 20, and 40% of the MRR for nicosulfuron/rimsulfuron plus dicamba/diflufenzopyr, respectively. Yield of corn was not affected when isoxaflutole plus atrazine, dimethenamid plus dicamba/atrazine, glufosinate plus atrazine, or nicosulfuron/ rimsulfuron plus dicamba/diflufenzopyr were used at 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100% of the MRR. Nicosulfuron/rimsulfuron + dicamba/diflufenzopyr had the lowest EI. The results of regression analysis suggested that the MRR rates do not always maximize profit margins. In most cases profit margins was optimized by applying only 60% of the MRR.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
For isoxaflutole plus atrazine, the herbicide rate giving 90% or greater control of the listed weeds was 60, 20, 60, 40 and 60% of the MRR.
- Taxon
- corn
Zea mays subsp. mayse0 - Treatment
- isoxaflutole plus atrazinee1
- Interactor
- velvetleaf
Abutilon theophrastie1weed - Second interactor
- redroot pigweede1weed
- Outcome
- herbicide rate required to provide 90% or greater controle1
- Value
- 60, 20, 60, 40, and 60% of the MRRe1
- Qualifier
- common ragweed, common lamb’s-quarters and annual grassese1
- Setting
- Ontarioe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A study was conducted over a 3-yr period (2003, 2004, and 2005) to evaluate the effect of reduced herbicide rates, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100% of the manufacturer’s recommended rate (MRR) on weed control, environmental impact (EI), yield and profitability of corn in Ontario”
e1“The herbicide rate required to provide 90% or greater control of velvetleaf, redroot pigweed, common ragweed, common lamb’s-quarters and annual grasses was 60, 20, 60, 40, and 60% of the MRR for isoxaflutole plus atrazine, 100, 20, 40, 20, and 80% of the MRR for dimethenamid plus dicamba/atrazine, <100, 20, 60, 60, and 60% of the MRR for glufosinate plus atrazine, and 20, 20, 20, 20, and 40% of the MRR for nicosulfuron/rimsulfuron plus dicamba/diflufenzopyr, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
For dimethenamid plus dicamba/atrazine, the herbicide rate giving 90% or greater control of the listed weeds was 100, 20, 40, 20 and 80% of the MRR.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- dimethenamid plus dicamba/atrazinee1
- Interactor
- velvetleafAbutilon theophrastie1weed
- Second interactor
- redroot pigweede1weed
- Outcome
- herbicide rate required to provide 90% or greater controle1
- Value
- 100, 20, 40, 20, and 80% of the MRRe1
- Qualifier
- common ragweed, common lamb’s-quarters and annual grassese1
- Setting
- Ontarioe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A study was conducted over a 3-yr period (2003, 2004, and 2005) to evaluate the effect of reduced herbicide rates, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100% of the manufacturer’s recommended rate (MRR) on weed control, environmental impact (EI), yield and profitability of corn in Ontario”
e1“The herbicide rate required to provide 90% or greater control of velvetleaf, redroot pigweed, common ragweed, common lamb’s-quarters and annual grasses was 60, 20, 60, 40, and 60% of the MRR for isoxaflutole plus atrazine, 100, 20, 40, 20, and 80% of the MRR for dimethenamid plus dicamba/atrazine, <100, 20, 60, 60, and 60% of the MRR for glufosinate plus atrazine, and 20, 20, 20, 20, and 40% of the MRR for nicosulfuron/rimsulfuron plus dicamba/diflufenzopyr, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
For glufosinate plus atrazine, the herbicide rate giving 90% or greater control of the listed weeds was below 100, 20, 60, 60 and 60% of the MRR.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- glufosinate plus atrazinee1
- Interactor
- velvetleafAbutilon theophrastie1weed
- Second interactor
- redroot pigweede1weed
- Outcome
- herbicide rate required to provide 90% or greater controle1
- Value
- <100, 20, 60, 60, and 60% of the MRRe1
- Qualifier
- common ragweed, common lamb’s-quarters and annual grassese1
- Setting
- Ontarioe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A study was conducted over a 3-yr period (2003, 2004, and 2005) to evaluate the effect of reduced herbicide rates, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100% of the manufacturer’s recommended rate (MRR) on weed control, environmental impact (EI), yield and profitability of corn in Ontario”
e1“The herbicide rate required to provide 90% or greater control of velvetleaf, redroot pigweed, common ragweed, common lamb’s-quarters and annual grasses was 60, 20, 60, 40, and 60% of the MRR for isoxaflutole plus atrazine, 100, 20, 40, 20, and 80% of the MRR for dimethenamid plus dicamba/atrazine, <100, 20, 60, 60, and 60% of the MRR for glufosinate plus atrazine, and 20, 20, 20, 20, and 40% of the MRR for nicosulfuron/rimsulfuron plus dicamba/diflufenzopyr, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
For nicosulfuron/rimsulfuron plus dicamba/diflufenzopyr, the herbicide rate giving 90% or greater control of the listed weeds was 20, 20, 20, 20 and 40% of the MRR.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- nicosulfuron/rimsulfuron plus dicamba/diflufenzopyre1
- Interactor
- velvetleafAbutilon theophrastie1weed
- Second interactor
- redroot pigweede1weed
- Outcome
- herbicide rate required to provide 90% or greater controle1
- Value
- 20, 20, 20, 20, and 40% of the MRRe1
- Qualifier
- common ragweed, common lamb’s-quarters and annual grassese1
- Setting
- Ontarioe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A study was conducted over a 3-yr period (2003, 2004, and 2005) to evaluate the effect of reduced herbicide rates, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100% of the manufacturer’s recommended rate (MRR) on weed control, environmental impact (EI), yield and profitability of corn in Ontario”
e1“The herbicide rate required to provide 90% or greater control of velvetleaf, redroot pigweed, common ragweed, common lamb’s-quarters and annual grasses was 60, 20, 60, 40, and 60% of the MRR for isoxaflutole plus atrazine, 100, 20, 40, 20, and 80% of the MRR for dimethenamid plus dicamba/atrazine, <100, 20, 60, 60, and 60% of the MRR for glufosinate plus atrazine, and 20, 20, 20, 20, and 40% of the MRR for nicosulfuron/rimsulfuron plus dicamba/diflufenzopyr, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Corn yield was not affected by isoxaflutole plus atrazine, dimethenamid plus dicamba/atrazine, glufosinate plus atrazine or nicosulfuron/rimsulfuron plus dicamba/diflufenzopyr applied at 20 to 100% of the MRR.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- isoxaflutole plus atrazine, dimethenamid plus dicamba/atrazine, glufosinate plus atrazine, or nicosulfuron/ rimsulfuron plus dicamba/diflufenzopyre1
- Outcome
- Yield of corne1
- Direction
- not affectede1
- Setting
- Ontarioe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A study was conducted over a 3-yr period (2003, 2004, and 2005) to evaluate the effect of reduced herbicide rates, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100% of the manufacturer’s recommended rate (MRR) on weed control, environmental impact (EI), yield and profitability of corn in Ontario”
e1“Yield of corn was not affected when isoxaflutole plus atrazine, dimethenamid plus dicamba/atrazine, glufosinate plus atrazine, or nicosulfuron/ rimsulfuron plus dicamba/diflufenzopyr were used at 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100% of the MRR”
Claim · model-written summary
Nicosulfuron/rimsulfuron plus dicamba/diflufenzopyr had the lowest environmental impact of the herbicide treatments.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- Nicosulfuron/rimsulfuron + dicamba/diflufenzopyre1
- Outcome
- EIe1
- Direction
- loweste1
- Setting
- Ontarioe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A study was conducted over a 3-yr period (2003, 2004, and 2005) to evaluate the effect of reduced herbicide rates, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100% of the manufacturer’s recommended rate (MRR) on weed control, environmental impact (EI), yield and profitability of corn in Ontario”
e1“Nicosulfuron/rimsulfuron + dicamba/diflufenzopyr had the lowest EI”
Claim · model-written summary
Regression analysis suggested that the MRR rates do not always maximize profit margins of corn.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- MRR ratese1
- Outcome
- profit marginse1
- Direction
- do not always maximizee1
- Setting
- Ontarioe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A study was conducted over a 3-yr period (2003, 2004, and 2005) to evaluate the effect of reduced herbicide rates, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100% of the manufacturer’s recommended rate (MRR) on weed control, environmental impact (EI), yield and profitability of corn in Ontario”
e1“The results of regression analysis suggested that the MRR rates do not always maximize profit margins”
Claim · model-written summary
In most cases, profit margins of corn were optimized by applying only 60% of the MRR.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- applying only 60% of the MRRe1
- Outcome
- profit marginse1
- Direction
- optimizede1
- Qualifier
- In most casese1
- Comparator
- MRRe1
- Setting
- Ontarioe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A study was conducted over a 3-yr period (2003, 2004, and 2005) to evaluate the effect of reduced herbicide rates, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100% of the manufacturer’s recommended rate (MRR) on weed control, environmental impact (EI), yield and profitability of corn in Ontario”
e1“In most cases profit margins was optimized by applying only 60% of the MRR”
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See all 23 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.