Abstract
Ultraviolet-B rays (UV-B) were studied how it affected on seed germination in nineteen plant species. Seed germination rates under UV-B (U), Light (L) and Dark (D) conditions were compared. The reactions to the three conditions in seed germination rates will be putatively classified into 13 types in order of germination rates indicated by the three letters including no difference among the three conditions (type ---). Seven types, ---, --U (U was the lowest; non significant difference between the other two conditions), L-(L was the highest; non significant difference between the other two conditions), LUD (L was the highest, D was the lowest, U was the middle), DUL (D was the highest, L was the lowest, U was the middle), D-(D was the highest; non significant difference between the other two conditions), and --D (D was the lowest; non significant difference between the other two conditions) were detected in this study. U suppressed the seed germination of celery, eggplant and Swiss chard (type --U), but no species was accelerated by U. However, U did not affect seed germination rates in type ---, i.e. buckwheat, cabbage, Chinese cabbage, parsley, potherb mustard and turnip, and type --D, i.e. carrot, Chinese chive and komatsuna. On the other hand, L accelerated the seed germination rate of burdock (type L--), but suppressed that of radish (type DUL). D accelerated those of onion, pea, spinach and welsh onion (type D--) and radish. In radish (type DUL), there were significant differences among the three conditions. D was the highest, L was the lowest, and U was the middle. U, L and D worked interactively. D predominantly restored seed germination rate from the suppression of U, and L predominantly suppressed the effect of D.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
UV-B suppressed seed germination in celery, eggplant and Swiss chard relative to light and dark conditions.
- Taxon
- celery, eggplant and Swiss chard
Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris
Solanum melongena%2C_Elswick%2C_Northumberland_4.jpg?width=60)
Apium graveolens Dulce Groupe1 - Treatment
- Ultraviolet-Be0
- Outcome
- seed germinatione1
- Direction
- suppressede1
- Comparator
- Light (L) and Dark (D) conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
%2C_Elswick%2C_Northumberland_4.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Ultraviolet-B rays (UV-B) were studied how it affected on seed germination in nineteen plant species. Seed germination rates under UV-B (U), Light (L) and Dark (D) conditions were compared”
e1“U suppressed the seed germination of celery, eggplant and Swiss chard (type --U)”
Claim · model-written summary
UV-B did not affect seed germination in buckwheat, cabbage and Chinese cabbage.
Verbatim
e0“Ultraviolet-B rays (UV-B) were studied how it affected on seed germination in nineteen plant species. Seed germination rates under UV-B (U), Light (L) and Dark (D) conditions were compared”
e2“However, U did not affect seed germination rates in type ---, i.e. buckwheat, cabbage, Chinese cabbage, parsley, potherb mustard and turnip, and type --D, i.e. carrot, Chinese chive and komatsuna”
Claim · model-written summary
UV-B did not affect seed germination in parsley, potherb mustard and turnip.
Verbatim
e0“Ultraviolet-B rays (UV-B) were studied how it affected on seed germination in nineteen plant species. Seed germination rates under UV-B (U), Light (L) and Dark (D) conditions were compared”
e2“However, U did not affect seed germination rates in type ---, i.e. buckwheat, cabbage, Chinese cabbage, parsley, potherb mustard and turnip, and type --D, i.e. carrot, Chinese chive and komatsuna”
Claim · model-written summary
UV-B did not affect seed germination in carrot, Chinese chive and komatsuna.
Verbatim
e0“Ultraviolet-B rays (UV-B) were studied how it affected on seed germination in nineteen plant species. Seed germination rates under UV-B (U), Light (L) and Dark (D) conditions were compared”
e2“However, U did not affect seed germination rates in type ---, i.e. buckwheat, cabbage, Chinese cabbage, parsley, potherb mustard and turnip, and type --D, i.e. carrot, Chinese chive and komatsuna”
Claim · model-written summary
Light accelerated seed germination in burdock.
Verbatim
e0“Ultraviolet-B rays (UV-B) were studied how it affected on seed germination in nineteen plant species. Seed germination rates under UV-B (U), Light (L) and Dark (D) conditions were compared”
e3“On the other hand, L accelerated the seed germination rate of burdock (type L--), but suppressed that of radish (type DUL)”
Claim · model-written summary
Light suppressed seed germination in radish.
- Taxon
- radish
Raphanus sativuse3 - Treatment
- Light (L)e0
- Outcome
- seed germination ratee3
- Direction
- suppressede3
- Comparator
- Dark (D) conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ultraviolet-B rays (UV-B) were studied how it affected on seed germination in nineteen plant species. Seed germination rates under UV-B (U), Light (L) and Dark (D) conditions were compared”
e3“On the other hand, L accelerated the seed germination rate of burdock (type L--), but suppressed that of radish (type DUL)”
Claim · model-written summary
Dark accelerated seed germination in onion, pea and spinach.
- Taxon
- onion, pea, spinach
Spinacia oleracea
Lathyrus oleraceus
Allium cepae4 - Treatment
- Dark (D) conditionse0
- Outcome
- seed germinatione0
- Direction
- acceleratede4
- Comparator
- Light (L) and Dark (D) conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ultraviolet-B rays (UV-B) were studied how it affected on seed germination in nineteen plant species. Seed germination rates under UV-B (U), Light (L) and Dark (D) conditions were compared”
e4“D accelerated those of onion, pea, spinach and welsh onion (type D--) and radish”
Claim · model-written summary
Dark accelerated seed germination in welsh onion.
- Taxon
- welsh onion
Allium fistulosume4 - Treatment
- Dark (D) conditionse0
- Outcome
- seed germinatione0
- Direction
- acceleratede4
- Comparator
- Light (L) and Dark (D) conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ultraviolet-B rays (UV-B) were studied how it affected on seed germination in nineteen plant species. Seed germination rates under UV-B (U), Light (L) and Dark (D) conditions were compared”
e4“D accelerated those of onion, pea, spinach and welsh onion (type D--) and radish”
Claim · model-written summary
Dark accelerated seed germination in radish.
- Taxon
- radishRaphanus sativuse4
- Treatment
- Dark (D) conditionse0
- Outcome
- seed germinatione0
- Direction
- acceleratede4
- Comparator
- Light (L) and Dark (D) conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ultraviolet-B rays (UV-B) were studied how it affected on seed germination in nineteen plant species. Seed germination rates under UV-B (U), Light (L) and Dark (D) conditions were compared”
e4“D accelerated those of onion, pea, spinach and welsh onion (type D--) and radish”
Claim · model-written summary
In radish, seed germination differed significantly among the three conditions, highest under dark and lowest under light.
- Taxon
- radishRaphanus sativuse5
- Outcome
- significant differences among the three conditionse5
- Qualifier
- D was the highest, L was the lowest, and U was the middlee5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“In radish (type DUL), there were significant differences among the three conditions. D was the highest, L was the lowest, and U was the middle”
Claim · model-written summary
Dark conditions restored seed germination suppressed by UV-B.
Verbatim
e0“Ultraviolet-B rays (UV-B) were studied how it affected on seed germination in nineteen plant species. Seed germination rates under UV-B (U), Light (L) and Dark (D) conditions were compared”
e6“D predominantly restored seed germination rate from the suppression of U, and L predominantly suppressed the effect of D”
Claim · model-written summary
Light predominantly suppressed the effect of dark conditions on seed germination.
Verbatim
e0“Ultraviolet-B rays (UV-B) were studied how it affected on seed germination in nineteen plant species. Seed germination rates under UV-B (U), Light (L) and Dark (D) conditions were compared”
e6“D predominantly restored seed germination rate from the suppression of U, and L predominantly suppressed the effect of D”
Claim · model-written summary
UV-B, light and dark conditions interacted in their effects on seed germination.
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e0“Ultraviolet-B rays (UV-B) were studied how it affected on seed germination in nineteen plant species. Seed germination rates under UV-B (U), Light (L) and Dark (D) conditions were compared”
e6“U, L and D worked interactively. D predominantly restored seed germination rate from the suppression of U, and L predominantly suppressed the effect of D”
The same questions in other papers
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See all 34 papers →8 of 10 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.