Abstract
Two field experiments were conducted in newly reclaimed soil for two successive early summer seasons during 2009 and 2010 at El-Nubaria region, El-Beheira Governorate, Egypt, to study the effect of different rates of phosphorus and / or bio-fertilizer treatment (phosphate solubilizing bacteria) on the promotion of plant growth, fruit yield and its quality as well as chemical constituents of sweet pepper. Two commercial cultivars of sweet pepper were used in the present investigation, cvs. Giant Marconi and El Mader. Phosphate bio-fertilizer treatments included: Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus megaterium and control (without bio-fertilizer) combined with three rates of phosphorus mineral fertilizer, i.e., 60, 75 and 90 kg P2O5 per fed. (Feddan = 0.4 ha.). Results showed that the two sweet pepper cultivars differed statistically in their vegetative growth and total fruit yield as well as macro and micro-nutrients uptake in leaves and fruits. El Mader cultivar was superior in its vegetative growth characters expressed as number of leaves and branches per plant; fruits number, fresh weight of the total plant and its organs, i.e., leaves, stems and fruits; total fruit yield and macro-nutrients (N, P, K, Ca, Mg and Na) as well as micro-nutrients (Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu) uptake in leaves and fruits compared with cv. Marconi. Marconi cultivar was superior in plant height and dry weight of the total plant and its organs, i.e., leaves, stems and fruit. Plants treated with biofertilizer (Bacillus megaterium) showed higher vegetative growth parameters expressed as plant height; leaf number/plant; branches number/ plant; fruits number/plant as well as fresh and dry weight of leaves, stems, fruits and total plant; higher yield and higher concentration of macro-nutrients (N, P, K, Ca, Mg and Na) as well as micro-nutrients ( Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu) uptake in tissues of sweet pepper leaves and fruits than untreated plants (control) and plants treated with Bacillus subtilis. Bacillus megaterium has a high ability to improve plant growth and yield based on increasing the capacity of roots to mobilize and take up nutrients and substances for overall reproductive plant fitness. The highest vegetative growth characters were obtained with plants which received 75 kg P2O5 / fed. On the other hand, the lowest values were obtained with plants received 60 kg P2O5 / fed. The interaction effect among cultivars and bio-fertilizer caused significant increases in vegetative growth characters, fruit yield and its quality as well as chemical contents in leaves and fruits of sweet pepper plants. The highest vegetative growth characters, fruit yield and chemical contents were obtained by applying Bacillus megaterium combined with cv. El Mader. The interaction effect between cultivars and rates of mineral phosphorus gave a significant increase in vegetative growth characters, fruit yield and chemical constituents. The highest values were obtained by adding the mineral phosphorus at the rate of 75 kg P2O5 / fed. to plants of cv. El Mader. Likewise, the combined effect of bio-fertilization and phosphorus fertilizer rates caused significant increases in vegetative growth parameters, fruit yield and quality and nutritional constituents. The highest values were obtained by applying Bacillus megaterium combined with the mineral phosphorus at the rate of 75 kg P2O5 / fed. Moreover, the highest vegetative growth with the maximum fruit yield was obtained under the combination of cv. El Mader with biofertilizer (Bacillus megaterium) and mineral phosphorus application at a rate of 75 or 90 kg P2O5 / fed.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
El Mader exceeded Marconi in leaf and branch counts, fruit number, and fresh weight.
- Taxon
- sweet pepper
Capsicum annuumt0 - Material
- El Madere0
- Outcome
- number of leaves and branches per plant; fruits number, fresh weighte0
- Direction
- superiore0
- Comparator
- Marconie1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“El Mader cultivar was superior in its vegetative growth characters expressed as number of leaves and branches per plant; fruits number, fresh weight of the total plant and its organs, i.e., leaves, stems and fruits”
t0“sweet pepper”
e1“compared with cv. Marconi.”
Claim · model-written summary
El Mader exceeded Marconi in total fruit yield.
- Taxon
- sweet pepperCapsicum annuumt0
- Outcome
- total fruit yielde0
- Comparator
- cv. Marconie0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“total fruit yield and macro-nutrients (N, P, K, Ca, Mg and Na) as well as micro-nutrients (Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu) uptake in leaves and fruits compared with cv. Marconi.”
t0“sweet pepper”
Claim · model-written summary
El Mader exceeded Marconi in leaf and fruit macro- and micronutrient uptake.
- Taxon
- sweet pepperCapsicum annuumt0
- Outcome
- macro-nutrients (N, P, K, Ca, Mg and Na) as well as micro-nutrients (Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu) uptake in leaves and fruitse0
- Comparator
- cv. Marconie0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“total fruit yield and macro-nutrients (N, P, K, Ca, Mg and Na) as well as micro-nutrients (Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu) uptake in leaves and fruits compared with cv. Marconi.”
t0“sweet pepper”
Claim · model-written summary
Marconi exceeded El Mader in height and dry weight of the whole plant and organs.
- Taxon
- sweet pepperCapsicum annuumt0
- Material
- Marconie0
- Outcome
- plant height and dry weight of the total plant and its organse0
- Direction
- superiore0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Marconi cultivar was superior in plant height and dry weight of the total plant and its organs, i.e., leaves, stems and fruit.”
t0“sweet pepper”
Claim · model-written summary
Bacillus megaterium produced higher growth traits and yield than untreated plants and those given B. subtilis.
- Taxon
- sweet pepperCapsicum annuumt0
- Treatment
- biofertilizer (Bacillus megaterium)e0
- Interactor
- Bacillus megaterium
Priestia megateriume0symbiont - Outcome
- vegetative growth parameterse0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plants treated with biofertilizer (Bacillus megaterium) showed higher vegetative growth parameters expressed as plant height; leaf number/plant; branches number/ plant; fruits number/plant as well as fresh and dry weight of leaves, stems, fruits and total plant; higher yield”
t0“sweet pepper”
Claim · model-written summary
Bacillus megaterium increased macro- and micronutrient uptake relative to control and B. subtilis.
- Taxon
- sweet pepperCapsicum annuumt0
- Treatment
- Bacillus megateriume1
- Interactor
- Bacillus subtilis
Bacillus subtilise0symbiont - Outcome
- macro-nutrients (N, P, K, Ca, Mg and Na) as well as micro-nutrients ( Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu) uptakee0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- untreated plants (control)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“higher concentration of macro-nutrients (N, P, K, Ca, Mg and Na) as well as micro-nutrients ( Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu) uptake in tissues of sweet pepper leaves and fruits than untreated plants (control) and plants treated with Bacillus subtilis.”
t0“sweet pepper”
e1“Plants treated with biofertilizer (Bacillus megaterium)”
Claim · model-written summary
The 75 kg P2O5 / fed. rate produced the highest vegetative growth; 60 kg P2O5 / fed. gave the lowest.
- Taxon
- sweet pepperCapsicum annuumt0
- Treatment
- 75 kg P2O5 / fed.e0
- Outcome
- vegetative growth characterse0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Comparator
- 60 kg P2O5 / fed.e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest vegetative growth characters were obtained with plants which received 75 kg P2O5 / fed. On the other hand, the lowest values were obtained with plants received 60 kg P2O5 / fed.”
t0“sweet pepper”
Claim · model-written summary
Bacillus megaterium with El Mader gave the highest growth, fruit yield and chemical contents.
- Taxon
- sweet pepperCapsicum annuumt0
- Material
- El Madere0
- Treatment
- Bacillus megateriume0
- Interactor
- Bacillus megateriumPriestia megateriume0symbiont
- Outcome
- vegetative growth characters, fruit yield and chemical contentse0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest vegetative growth characters, fruit yield and chemical contents were obtained by applying Bacillus megaterium combined with cv. El Mader.”
t0“sweet pepper”
Claim · model-written summary
El Mader at 75 kg P2O5 / fed. gave the highest growth, yield and chemical constituent values.
- Taxon
- sweet pepperCapsicum annuumt0
- Material
- El Madere0
- Treatment
- 75 kg P2O5 / fed.e0
- Outcome
- highest valuese0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest values were obtained by adding the mineral phosphorus at the rate of 75 kg P2O5 / fed. to plants of cv. El Mader.”
t0“sweet pepper”
Claim · model-written summary
Bacillus megaterium with 75 kg P2O5 / fed. gave the highest growth, yield, quality and nutrient results.
- Taxon
- sweet pepperCapsicum annuumt0
- Treatment
- Bacillus megaterium combined with the mineral phosphorus at the rate of 75 kg P2O5 / fed.e0
- Interactor
- Bacillus megateriumPriestia megateriume0symbiont
- Outcome
- highest valuese0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest values were obtained by applying Bacillus megaterium combined with the mineral phosphorus at the rate of 75 kg P2O5 / fed.”
t0“sweet pepper”
Claim · model-written summary
El Mader with Bacillus megaterium and 75 or 90 kg P2O5 / fed. gave the highest growth and maximum fruit yield.
- Taxon
- sweet pepperCapsicum annuumt0
- Material
- El Madere0
- Treatment
- biofertilizer (Bacillus megaterium) and mineral phosphorus application at a rate of 75 or 90 kg P2O5 / fed.e0
- Interactor
- Bacillus megateriumPriestia megateriume0symbiont
- Outcome
- maximum fruit yielde0
- Direction
- maximume0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the highest vegetative growth with the maximum fruit yield was obtained under the combination of cv. El Mader with biofertilizer (Bacillus megaterium) and mineral phosphorus application at a rate of 75 or 90 kg P2O5 / fed.”
t0“sweet pepper”
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