Abstract
Volunteer adzuki bean within a corn crop can decrease corn yield and increase the adzuki bean seed bank. The objective of this research was to evaluate the efficacy of various preemergence (PRE) and postemergence (POST) herbicides for the control of volunteer adzuki bean [Vigna angularis (Willd.) Ohwi & Ohashi] in corn. Trials were conducted at two locations in 2005, 2006, 2007 and 2009. Experiments were arranged in a randomized complete block design with either seven PRE or ten POST herbicides. Volunteer adzuki bean interference resulted in corn yield losses of 16 to 43%. The PRE herbicides provided variable control. The highest and most consistent control PRE was provided by dicamba/atrazine, which provided 69 to 97% control of volunteer adzuki bean at 4 and 8 wk after emergence (WAE), respectively. Dicamba/atrazine PRE reduced volunteer adzuki bean density and biomass 67 to 97% 10 WAE. Generally, the POST herbicides evaluated provided better and more consistent control of volunteer adzuki bean than the PRE herbicides. Dicamba/atrazine applied POST provided greater than 95% control of volunteer adzuki bean and consistently reduced volunteer adzuki bean density and biomass to the equivalent of the weed-free control. Dicamba/atrazine applied POST resulted in corn yields equivalent to the weed-free control. The best option for controlling volunteer adzuki bean in corn is to apply dicamba/atrazine POST, while the remaining herbicides evaluated provided variable control.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Volunteer adzuki bean interference caused corn yield losses of 16 to 43%.
- Taxon
- corn
Zea mays subsp. mayst0 - Treatment
- Volunteer adzuki bean interferencee0
- Interactor
- volunteer adzuki beant1weed
- Outcome
- corn yield lossese0
- Direction
- lossese0
- Value
- 16 to 43%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Volunteer adzuki bean interference resulted in corn yield losses of 16 to 43%”
t0“corn (Zea mays)”
t1“volunteer adzuki bean (Vigna angularis)”
Claim · model-written summary
Preemergence herbicides gave variable weed control.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- PRE herbicidese0
- Interactor
- volunteer adzuki beant1weed
- Outcome
- variable controle0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The PRE herbicides provided variable control”
t0“corn (Zea mays)”
t1“volunteer adzuki bean (Vigna angularis)”
Claim · model-written summary
Preemergence dicamba/atrazine gave 69 to 97% weed control at four and eight weeks.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- dicamba/atrazinee0
- Interactor
- volunteer adzuki beant1weed
- Outcome
- control of volunteer adzuki beane0
- Value
- 69 to 97%e0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“dicamba/atrazine, which provided 69 to 97% control of volunteer adzuki bean at 4 and 8 wk after emergence (WAE), respectively”
t0“corn (Zea mays)”
t1“volunteer adzuki bean (Vigna angularis)”
Claim · model-written summary
Preemergence dicamba/atrazine reduced volunteer adzuki bean density and biomass by 67 to 97%.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- Dicamba/atrazine PREe0
- Interactor
- volunteer adzuki beant1weed
- Outcome
- volunteer adzuki bean density and biomasse0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 67 to 97%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Dicamba/atrazine PRE reduced volunteer adzuki bean density and biomass 67 to 97% 10 WAE”
t0“corn (Zea mays)”
t1“volunteer adzuki bean (Vigna angularis)”
Claim · model-written summary
Postemergence herbicides generally controlled volunteer adzuki bean better and more consistently than preemergence herbicides.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- POST herbicidese0
- Interactor
- volunteer adzuki beant1weed
- Outcome
- control of volunteer adzuki beane0
- Direction
- bettere0
- Comparator
- PRE herbicidese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“POST herbicides evaluated provided better and more consistent control of volunteer adzuki bean than the PRE herbicides”
t0“corn (Zea mays)”
t1“volunteer adzuki bean (Vigna angularis)”
Claim · model-written summary
Postemergence dicamba/atrazine provided greater than 95% weed control.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- Dicamba/atrazine applied POSTe0
- Interactor
- volunteer adzuki beant1weed
- Outcome
- control of volunteer adzuki beane0
- Direction
- greater thane0
- Value
- 95%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Dicamba/atrazine applied POST provided greater than 95% control of volunteer adzuki bean”
t0“corn (Zea mays)”
t1“volunteer adzuki bean (Vigna angularis)”
Claim · model-written summary
Postemergence dicamba/atrazine reduced weed density and biomass to weed free control levels.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- Dicamba/atrazine applied POSTe0
- Interactor
- volunteer adzuki beant1weed
- Outcome
- volunteer adzuki bean density and biomasse0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Comparator
- weed-free controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Dicamba/atrazine applied POST provided greater than 95% control of volunteer adzuki bean and consistently reduced volunteer adzuki bean density and biomass to the equivalent of the weed-free control”
t0“corn (Zea mays)”
t1“volunteer adzuki bean (Vigna angularis)”
Claim · model-written summary
Postemergence dicamba/atrazine produced corn yields equivalent to weed free control.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- Dicamba/atrazine applied POSTe0
- Interactor
- volunteer adzuki beant1weed
- Outcome
- corn yieldse0
- Direction
- equivalente0
- Comparator
- weed-free controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Dicamba/atrazine applied POST resulted in corn yields equivalent to the weed-free control”
t0“corn (Zea mays)”
t1“volunteer adzuki bean (Vigna angularis)”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend postemergence dicamba/atrazine for volunteer adzuki bean control in corn.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Interactor
- volunteer adzuki beant1weed
- Outcome
- apply dicamba/atrazine POSTe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The best option for controlling volunteer adzuki bean in corn is to apply dicamba/atrazine POST”
t0“corn (Zea mays)”
t1“volunteer adzuki bean (Vigna angularis)”
Claim · model-written summary
Other herbicides provided variable control.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- remaining herbicidese0
- Interactor
- volunteer adzuki beant1weed
- Outcome
- variable controle0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the remaining herbicides evaluated provided variable control”
t0“corn (Zea mays)”
t1“volunteer adzuki bean (Vigna angularis)”
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See all 143 papers →8 of 9 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.