Abstract
Among biotic and abiotic factors, imbalanced plant nutrition is more indispensable for low sunflower productivity. To assess the interaction behavior of nitrogen with boron on sunflower growth, yield and its oil quality in alkaline-calcareous soils, a field experiment was conducted for two consecutive growing seasons of 2011 and 2012. Sunflower hybrid (Helianthus annuus 'Hysun-33') was grown on sandy clay loam soil that was amended with diverse boron rates of 0, 2, 4, and 6 kg ha -1 under variable nitrogen levels of 50% RN, 75% RN, and 100% RN 'recommended nitrogen'. Extended duration of phenophases like 50% inflorescence emergence, 50% flowering and 50% maturity stages of sunflower was observed with nitrogen and boron application. Plant height, stem and head diameters were increased significantly through individual use of nitrogen and boron nutrients. Concerning sunflower yield and yield related attributes as number of achenes/head, 1000-achene weight and achene yield were significantly improved with 2.0 kg ha -1 boron rate with 100% RN. Application of nitrogen and boron considerably declined the achene oil contents. Achene protein contents were found maximum with boron rate of 2.0 kg ha -1 under 100% RN nutrition. Significant decline in stearic acid and oleic acid contents while considerable increase in palmitic acid and linoleic acid contents was recorded by individual use of nitrogen and boron supplements. However, boron application in combination with nitrogen could play a vital role to improve the productivity and economic performance of sunflower in calcareous soils.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen and boron application extended the duration to sunflower inflorescence emergence, flowering and maturity.
- Taxon
- sunflower
Helianthus annuuse0 - Treatment
- nitrogen and boron applicatione0
- Outcome
- duration of phenophases like 50% inflorescence emergence, 50% flowering and 50% maturity stagese0
- Direction
- Extendede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Extended duration of phenophases like 50% inflorescence emergence, 50% flowering and 50% maturity stages of sunflower was observed with nitrogen and boron application.”
Claim · model-written summary
Individual nitrogen application significantly increased sunflower plant height and stem and head diameters.
- Taxon
- SUNFLOWERHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- nitrogene0
- Outcome
- Plant height, stem and head diameterse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plant height, stem and head diameters were increased significantly through individual use of nitrogen and boron nutrients.”
t0“SUNFLOWER”
Claim · model-written summary
Individual boron application significantly increased sunflower plant height and stem and head diameters.
- Taxon
- SUNFLOWERHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- borone0
- Outcome
- Plant height, stem and head diameterse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plant height, stem and head diameters were increased significantly through individual use of nitrogen and boron nutrients.”
t0“SUNFLOWER”
Claim · model-written summary
Boron at 2.0 kg ha -1 with 100% recommended nitrogen significantly improved sunflower achene number, achene weight and achene yield.
- Taxon
- SUNFLOWERHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- 2.0 kg ha -1 boron rate with 100% RNe0
- Outcome
- number of achenes/head, 1000-achene weight and achene yielde0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“number of achenes/head, 1000-achene weight and achene yield were significantly improved with 2.0 kg ha -1 boron rate with 100% RN”
t0“SUNFLOWER”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen application reduced sunflower achene oil content.
- Taxon
- SUNFLOWERHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- nitrogene0
- Outcome
- achene oil contentse0
- Direction
- declinede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of nitrogen and boron considerably declined the achene oil contents.”
t0“SUNFLOWER”
Claim · model-written summary
Boron application reduced sunflower achene oil content.
- Taxon
- SUNFLOWERHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- borone0
- Outcome
- achene oil contentse0
- Direction
- declinede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of nitrogen and boron considerably declined the achene oil contents.”
t0“SUNFLOWER”
Claim · model-written summary
Achene protein content was highest with 2.0 kg ha -1 boron and 100% recommended nitrogen.
- Taxon
- SUNFLOWERHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- boron rate of 2.0 kg ha -1 under 100% RNe0
- Outcome
- Achene protein contentse0
- Direction
- maximume0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Achene protein contents were found maximum with boron rate of 2.0 kg ha -1 under 100% RN nutrition.”
t0“SUNFLOWER”
Claim · model-written summary
Individual nitrogen supplementation decreased sunflower stearic and oleic acid contents.
- Taxon
- SUNFLOWERHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- nitrogene0
- Outcome
- stearic acid and oleic acid contentse0
- Direction
- declinee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Significant decline in stearic acid and oleic acid contents while considerable increase in palmitic acid and linoleic acid contents was recorded by individual use of nitrogen and boron supplements.”
t0“SUNFLOWER”
Claim · model-written summary
Individual boron supplementation decreased sunflower stearic and oleic acid contents.
- Taxon
- SUNFLOWERHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- borone0
- Outcome
- stearic acid and oleic acid contentse0
- Direction
- declinee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Significant decline in stearic acid and oleic acid contents while considerable increase in palmitic acid and linoleic acid contents was recorded by individual use of nitrogen and boron supplements.”
t0“SUNFLOWER”
Claim · model-written summary
Individual nitrogen supplementation increased sunflower palmitic and linoleic acid contents.
- Taxon
- SUNFLOWERHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- nitrogene0
- Outcome
- palmitic acid and linoleic acid contentse0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Significant decline in stearic acid and oleic acid contents while considerable increase in palmitic acid and linoleic acid contents was recorded by individual use of nitrogen and boron supplements.”
t0“SUNFLOWER”
Claim · model-written summary
Individual boron supplementation increased sunflower palmitic and linoleic acid contents.
- Taxon
- SUNFLOWERHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- borone0
- Outcome
- palmitic acid and linoleic acid contentse0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Significant decline in stearic acid and oleic acid contents while considerable increase in palmitic acid and linoleic acid contents was recorded by individual use of nitrogen and boron supplements.”
t0“SUNFLOWER”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggested combining boron and nitrogen to improve sunflower productivity and economic performance in calcareous soil.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuuse0
- Outcome
- boron application in combination with nitrogene0
- Setting
- calcareous soilse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“boron application in combination with nitrogen could play a vital role to improve the productivity and economic performance of sunflower in calcareous soils”
The same questions in other papers
boron atom · quality: protein · Helianthus annuus (common sunflower)Results differ
4 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
- positive
2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →boron atom · quality: oil · Helianthus annuus (common sunflower)Results differ
19 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- positive
- no effect
- no effect
19 papers more in this group
See all 23 papers →boron atom · growth · Helianthus annuus (common sunflower)Results differ
32 papers in the same direction as this paper · 5 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- negative
- no effect
35 papers more in this group
See all 39 papers →boron atom · yield · Helianthus annuus (common sunflower)Results differ
57 papers in the same direction as this paper · 6 in the opposite direction
- positive
- negative
- no effect
60 papers more in this group
See all 64 papers →nitrogen · quality: oil · Helianthus annuus (common sunflower)Results differ
39 papers in the same direction as this paper · 10 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- negative
- negative
47 papers more in this group
See all 51 papers →nitrogen · growth · Helianthus annuus (common sunflower)Results differ
62 papers in the same direction as this paper · 12 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- no effect
- negative
72 papers more in this group
See all 76 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.