Abstract
Field and pot studies were carried out to evaluate the efficacy of tribenuron-methyl 75% PX (paste extruded) formulation used alone and tank mixed with grassy (field conditions) and broadleaf (screen house) herbicides during 2006–07 and 2007–08 at CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar. Tribenuron 15 g/ha was effective against Chenopodium album under field conditions and provided 85–88% control. Increasing the dose from 15 to 30 g/ha or to 45 g/ha further increased control of C. album, but the effect was similar at higher rates. Adding a non-ionic surfactant (0.2%) increased the efficacy of tribenuron compared to no surfactant. 2,4-D ester/amine 500 g/ha or Sodium salt 1000 g/ha provided 100% control of C. album and the mortality was similar to premix of mesosulfuron+iodosulfuron (Atlantis) 21.6 and 14.4 g/ha, premix of sulfosulfuron+metsulfuron (Total) 16 g/ha, metsulfuron-methyl 4 g/ha or higher rates of tribenuron (26.25, 30 and 45 g/ha with and without surfactant). Tribenuron had no adverse effect on wheat upto 45 g/ha and no residual phytotoxicity was observed on mungbean or sorghum planted after wheat harvest. Effect of carfentrazone 20 g/ha and tribenuron 15 g/ha was similar against C. album but lower than other treatments. All broadleaf herbicides provided significantly higher yield compared to weedy plots, but were inferior to pre- or tank-mix applications of grassy and broadleaf herbicides. Atlantis 21.6 g/ha was phytotoxic to wheat and significantly checked plant growth and produced lower yield than 14.4 g/ha application rate. Tank mix applications of pinoxaden 45 g/ha and clodinafop 60 g/ha with tribenuron 15 g/ha produced highest yield and yield attributes of wheat. Under pot studies, tribenuron 15 g/ha, carfentrazone 20 g/ha, metsulfuron 4 g/ha, 2,4-D ester 250 g/ha and their tank mix combinations were compared with 2,4-D 500 g/ha against Anagallis arvensis, Asphodelus tenuifolius, Chenopodium album, C. murale, Lathyrus aphaca, Melilotus indica, Malva parviflora, Medicago denticulata, Rumex dentatus, R. spinosus, Silene conoidea, Sisymbrium irio and Vicia sativa. Tribenuron 15 g/ha provided 73 to 100% control of A. arvensis, A. tenuifolius, M. denticulata, V. sativa, C. murale, R. spinosus, R. dentatus, C. album, S. irio and S. conoidea, but it was not effective against M. parviflora and L. aphaca. Effect was also lower on M. indica, but tank mix applications with carfentrazone/2,4-D or metsulfuron improved its control by 15 to 25%. The overall weed mortality by tribenuron was similar to that of carfentrazone, but better than 2,4-D 250 g/ha, though the effect was significantly less than metsulfuron or 2,4-D 500 g/ha. Tank mixing of carfentrazone with metsulfuron inflicted maximum weed mortality (data averaged over species), but it was statistically similar to all other mixtures except carfentrazone plus 2,4-D 250 g/ha which has significantly less weed mortality. Similar trend was recorded in fresh weight accumulation by weeds with different treatments. L. aphaca and M. parviflora were most difficult-to-control weeds, whereas S. conoidea and S. irio were most susceptible weeds (data averaged over herbicide treatments). Tribenuron 15 g/ha had no significant edge over metsulfuron 4 g/ha against any of the test species in the screen house, though in tank mix applications with pinoxaden and clodinafop it produced similar yield compared to recommended field herbicides, with the advantage of no residual toxicity on succeeding sensitive crops.
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Claims 20
Claim · model-written summary
Tribenuron 15 g/ha was effective against Chenopodium album under field conditions, giving 85-88% control.
- Taxon
- Wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- Tribenuron 15 g/hae1
- Interactor
- Chenopodium album
Chenopodium albume1weed - Outcome
- controle1
- Direction
- effectivee1
- Value
- 85–88%e1
- Setting
- field conditionse1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Broadleaf Weeds of Wheat”
e1“Tribenuron 15 g/ha was effective against Chenopodium album under field conditions and provided 85–88% control”
Claim · model-written summary
Raising tribenuron from 15 to 30 or 45 g/ha further increased control of C. album; the effect was similar at the higher rates.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Increasing the dose from 15 to 30 g/ha or to 45 g/hae2
- Interactor
- C. albumChenopodium albume2weed
- Outcome
- controle2
- Direction
- increasede2
- Qualifier
- the effect was similar at higher ratese2
- Comparator
- from 15e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Broadleaf Weeds of Wheat”
e2“Increasing the dose from 15 to 30 g/ha or to 45 g/ha further increased control of C. album, but the effect was similar at higher rates”
Claim · model-written summary
Adding a non-ionic surfactant (0.2%) increased the efficacy of tribenuron compared with no surfactant.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Adding a non-ionic surfactant (0.2%)e3
- Outcome
- efficacye3
- Direction
- increasede3
- Comparator
- no surfactante3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Broadleaf Weeds of Wheat”
e3“Adding a non-ionic surfactant (0.2%) increased the efficacy of tribenuron compared to no surfactant”
Claim · model-written summary
2,4-D ester/amine 500 g/ha or sodium salt 1000 g/ha gave 100% control of C. album.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 2,4-D ester/amine 500 g/ha or Sodium salt 1000 g/hae4
- Interactor
- C. albumChenopodium albume4weed
- Outcome
- controle4
- Direction
- providede4
- Value
- 100%e4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Broadleaf Weeds of Wheat”
e4“2,4-D ester/amine 500 g/ha or Sodium salt 1000 g/ha provided 100% control of C. album”
Claim · model-written summary
Tribenuron up to 45 g/ha had no adverse effect on wheat.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Tribenurone5
- Outcome
- adverse effect on wheate5
- Qualifier
- upto 45 g/hae5
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Broadleaf Weeds of Wheat”
e5“Tribenuron had no adverse effect on wheat upto 45 g/ha”
Claim · model-written summary
No residual phytotoxicity was seen on mungbean or sorghum sown after wheat harvest.
- Taxon
- mungbean or sorghum
Sorghum.jpg?width=60)
Vigna radiatae6 - Outcome
- residual phytotoxicitye6
- Qualifier
- planted after wheat harveste6
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e6“no residual phytotoxicity was observed on mungbean or sorghum planted after wheat harvest”
Claim · model-written summary
Carfentrazone 20 g/ha and tribenuron 15 g/ha were similar against C. album but lower than the other treatments.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- carfentrazone 20 g/ha and tribenuron 15 g/hae7
- Interactor
- C. albumChenopodium albume7weed
- Outcome
- Effecte7
- Direction
- lowere7
- Comparator
- other treatmentse7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Broadleaf Weeds of Wheat”
e7“Effect of carfentrazone 20 g/ha and tribenuron 15 g/ha was similar against C. album but lower than other treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
All broadleaf herbicides gave significantly higher wheat yield than weedy plots.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- All broadleaf herbicidese1
- Outcome
- yielde1
- Direction
- highere1
- Comparator
- weedy plotse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Broadleaf Weeds of Wheat”
e1“All broadleaf herbicides provided significantly higher yield compared to weedy plots”
Claim · model-written summary
All broadleaf herbicides gave lower yield than pre- or tank-mix applications of grassy and broadleaf herbicides.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- All broadleaf herbicidese1
- Outcome
- yielde1
- Direction
- inferiore2
- Comparator
- pre- or tank-mix applications of grassy and broadleaf herbicidese2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Broadleaf Weeds of Wheat”
e1“All broadleaf herbicides provided significantly higher yield compared to weedy plots”
e2“were inferior to pre- or tank-mix applications of grassy and broadleaf herbicides”
Claim · model-written summary
Atlantis 21.6 g/ha was phytotoxic to wheat and significantly checked plant growth.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- Atlantis 21.6 g/hae1
- Outcome
- plant growthe1
- Direction
- checkede1
- Qualifier
- phytotoxic to wheate1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Atlantis 21.6 g/ha was phytotoxic to wheat and significantly checked plant growth”
Claim · model-written summary
Atlantis 21.6 g/ha produced lower wheat yield than 14.4 g/ha.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- Atlantis 21.6 g/hae1
- Outcome
- yielde2
- Direction
- lowere2
- Comparator
- 14.4 g/ha application ratee2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Atlantis 21.6 g/ha was phytotoxic to wheat and significantly checked plant growth”
e2“produced lower yield than 14.4 g/ha application rate”
Claim · model-written summary
Tank mixes of pinoxaden 45 g/ha and clodinafop 60 g/ha with tribenuron 15 g/ha gave the highest wheat yield and yield attributes, similar to recommended field herbicides.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- Tank mix applications of pinoxaden 45 g/ha and clodinafop 60 g/ha with tribenuron 15 g/hae1
- Outcome
- yield and yield attributese1
- Direction
- higheste1
- Qualifier
- similar yield compared to recommended field herbicidese2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Tank mix applications of pinoxaden 45 g/ha and clodinafop 60 g/ha with tribenuron 15 g/ha produced highest yield and yield attributes of wheat”
e2“in tank mix applications with pinoxaden and clodinafop it produced similar yield compared to recommended field herbicides”
Claim · model-written summary
In pot studies, tribenuron 15 g/ha gave 73 to 100% control of ten broadleaf weeds, including A. arvensis and A. tenuifolius.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Tribenuron 15 g/hae1
- Interactor
- A. arvensis
Lysimachia arvensise1weed - Second interactor
- A. tenuifolius
Asphodelus tenuifoliuse1weed - Outcome
- controle1
- Direction
- providede1
- Value
- 73 to 100%e1
- Setting
- pot studiese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Broadleaf Weeds of Wheat”
e0“Under pot studies”
e1“Tribenuron 15 g/ha provided 73 to 100% control of A. arvensis, A. tenuifolius, M. denticulata, V. sativa, C. murale, R. spinosus, R. dentatus, C. album, S. irio and S. conoidea”
Claim · model-written summary
Tribenuron 15 g/ha was not effective against M. parviflora and L. aphaca in pot studies.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Tribenuron 15 g/hae1
- Interactor
- M. parviflorae2weed
- Second interactor
- L. aphaca
Lathyrus aphacae2weed - Outcome
- effective against M. parviflorae2
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Broadleaf Weeds of Wheat”
e1“Tribenuron 15 g/ha provided 73 to 100% control of A. arvensis, A. tenuifolius, M. denticulata, V. sativa, C. murale, R. spinosus, R. dentatus, C. album, S. irio and S. conoidea”
e2“but it was not effective against M. parviflora and L. aphaca”
Claim · model-written summary
Tank mixes of tribenuron with carfentrazone/2,4-D or metsulfuron improved M. indica control by 15 to 25%, although tribenuron alone was lower on M. indica.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- tank mix applications with carfentrazone/2,4-D or metsulfurone1
- Interactor
- M. indica
Melilotus indicuse1weed - Outcome
- controle1
- Direction
- improvede1
- Value
- 15 to 25%e1
- Qualifier
- Effect was also lower on M. indicae1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Broadleaf Weeds of Wheat”
e1“Effect was also lower on M. indica, but tank mix applications with carfentrazone/2,4-D or metsulfuron improved its control by 15 to 25%”
Claim · model-written summary
Overall weed mortality by tribenuron was similar to carfentrazone, better than 2,4-D 250 g/ha, and significantly less than metsulfuron or 2,4-D 500 g/ha.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- tribenurone1
- Outcome
- overall weed mortalitye1
- Direction
- lesse1
- Qualifier
- better than 2,4-D 250 g/hae1
- Comparator
- metsulfuron or 2,4-D 500 g/hae1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Broadleaf Weeds of Wheat”
e1“The overall weed mortality by tribenuron was similar to that of carfentrazone, but better than 2,4-D 250 g/ha, though the effect was significantly less than metsulfuron or 2,4-D 500 g/ha”
Claim · model-written summary
Tank mixing carfentrazone with metsulfuron gave the maximum weed mortality; only carfentrazone plus 2,4-D 250 g/ha was significantly lower.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Tank mixing of carfentrazone with metsulfurone1
- Outcome
- weed mortalitye1
- Direction
- maximume1
- Comparator
- all other mixturese1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Broadleaf Weeds of Wheat”
e1“Tank mixing of carfentrazone with metsulfuron inflicted maximum weed mortality (data averaged over species), but it was statistically similar to all other mixtures except carfentrazone plus 2,4-D 250 g/ha which has significantly less weed mortality”
Claim · model-written summary
Tribenuron 15 g/ha had no significant edge over metsulfuron 4 g/ha against any test species in the screen house.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Tribenuron 15 g/hae1
- Outcome
- edgee1
- Comparator
- metsulfuron 4 g/hae1
- Setting
- screen housee1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Broadleaf Weeds of Wheat”
e1“Tribenuron 15 g/ha had no significant edge over metsulfuron 4 g/ha against any of the test species in the screen house”
Claim · model-written summary
Weed fresh weight accumulation followed a similar trend across treatments.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- fresh weight accumulatione1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Broadleaf Weeds of Wheat”
e1“Similar trend was recorded in fresh weight accumulation by weeds with different treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
L. aphaca and M. parviflora were the most difficult-to-control weeds, whereas S. conoidea and S. irio were the most susceptible.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Interactor
- L. aphacaLathyrus aphacae1weed
- Second interactor
- M. parviflorae1weed
- Outcome
- difficult-to-controle1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Broadleaf Weeds of Wheat”
e1“L. aphaca and M. parviflora were most difficult-to-control weeds, whereas S. conoidea and S. irio were most susceptible weeds”
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See all 563 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.