Abstract
ABSTRACT In addition to the herbicides already registered for the wheat crop, others may be selective, such as saflufenacil, atrazine, mesotrione and triclopyr. This study aimed to assess the selectivity of herbicides via crop yield analysis, alone and in mixtures, applied to wheat in post-emergence, at the end of tillering. Two experiments were conducted using a randomized blocks design. The first experiment (E1) involved 13 and the second one (E2) 7 treatments, consisting of the application of 2,4-D, diclofop, iodosulfuron, clodinafop, saflufenacil, pyroxsulam, atrazine, mesotrione and triclopyr, alone or in mixtures. Wheat injury symptoms, plant height, number of spikelets per plant, number of grains per spikelet, 1,000-grain weight and yield were assessed. The application of diclofop and iodosulfuron was selective to the wheat, maintaining yield even under the water stress conditions observed in E1. Under the same conditions, applying 2,4-D, clodinafop, saflufenacil, pyroxsulam, atrazine/mesotrione, triclopyr or saflufenacil + atrazine/mesotrione reduced the wheat yield, with different injury levels. Under greater water availability (E2), 2,4-D, clodinafop, saflufenacil, pyroxsulam and triclopyr were selective to the wheat, with no negative effect on yield. The application of atrazine/mesotrione showed a high injury potential for the crop and reduced the wheat yield.
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Claims 16
Claim · model-written summary
Diclofop maintained wheat yield under water stress.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Treatment
- diclofope0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- maintaininge0
- Qualifier
- water stress conditionse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The application of diclofop and iodosulfuron was selective to the wheat, maintaining yield even under the water stress conditions observed in E1”
Claim · model-written summary
Iodosulfuron maintained wheat yield under water stress.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- iodosulfurone0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- maintaininge0
- Qualifier
- water stress conditionse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The application of diclofop and iodosulfuron was selective to the wheat, maintaining yield even under the water stress conditions observed in E1”
Claim · model-written summary
2,4-D reduced wheat yield under water stress.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- 2,4-De0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under the same conditions, applying 2,4-D, clodinafop, saflufenacil, pyroxsulam, atrazine/mesotrione, triclopyr or saflufenacil + atrazine/mesotrione reduced the wheat yield, with different injury levels”
Claim · model-written summary
Clodinafop reduced wheat yield under water stress.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- clodinafope0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under the same conditions, applying 2,4-D, clodinafop, saflufenacil, pyroxsulam, atrazine/mesotrione, triclopyr or saflufenacil + atrazine/mesotrione reduced the wheat yield, with different injury levels”
Claim · model-written summary
Saflufenacil reduced wheat yield under water stress.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- saflufenacile0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under the same conditions, applying 2,4-D, clodinafop, saflufenacil, pyroxsulam, atrazine/mesotrione, triclopyr or saflufenacil + atrazine/mesotrione reduced the wheat yield, with different injury levels”
Claim · model-written summary
Pyroxsulam reduced wheat yield under water stress.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- pyroxsulame0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under the same conditions, applying 2,4-D, clodinafop, saflufenacil, pyroxsulam, atrazine/mesotrione, triclopyr or saflufenacil + atrazine/mesotrione reduced the wheat yield, with different injury levels”
Claim · model-written summary
Atrazine/mesotrione reduced wheat yield under water stress.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- atrazine/mesotrionee0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under the same conditions, applying 2,4-D, clodinafop, saflufenacil, pyroxsulam, atrazine/mesotrione, triclopyr or saflufenacil + atrazine/mesotrione reduced the wheat yield, with different injury levels”
Claim · model-written summary
Triclopyr reduced wheat yield under water stress.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- triclopyre0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under the same conditions, applying 2,4-D, clodinafop, saflufenacil, pyroxsulam, atrazine/mesotrione, triclopyr or saflufenacil + atrazine/mesotrione reduced the wheat yield, with different injury levels”
Claim · model-written summary
Saflufenacil plus atrazine/mesotrione reduced wheat yield under water stress.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- saflufenacil + atrazine/mesotrionee0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under the same conditions, applying 2,4-D, clodinafop, saflufenacil, pyroxsulam, atrazine/mesotrione, triclopyr or saflufenacil + atrazine/mesotrione reduced the wheat yield, with different injury levels”
Claim · model-written summary
2,4-D had no negative effect on wheat yield with greater water availability.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- 2,4-De0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- no negative effecte0
- Qualifier
- greater water availabilitye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under greater water availability (E2), 2,4-D, clodinafop, saflufenacil, pyroxsulam and triclopyr were selective to the wheat, with no negative effect on yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Clodinafop had no negative effect on wheat yield with greater water availability.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- clodinafope0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- no negative effecte0
- Qualifier
- greater water availabilitye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under greater water availability (E2), 2,4-D, clodinafop, saflufenacil, pyroxsulam and triclopyr were selective to the wheat, with no negative effect on yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Saflufenacil had no negative effect on wheat yield with greater water availability.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- saflufenacile0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- no negative effecte0
- Qualifier
- greater water availabilitye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under greater water availability (E2), 2,4-D, clodinafop, saflufenacil, pyroxsulam and triclopyr were selective to the wheat, with no negative effect on yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Pyroxsulam had no negative effect on wheat yield with greater water availability.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- pyroxsulame0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- no negative effecte0
- Qualifier
- greater water availabilitye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under greater water availability (E2), 2,4-D, clodinafop, saflufenacil, pyroxsulam and triclopyr were selective to the wheat, with no negative effect on yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Triclopyr had no negative effect on wheat yield with greater water availability.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- triclopyre0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- no negative effecte0
- Qualifier
- greater water availabilitye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under greater water availability (E2), 2,4-D, clodinafop, saflufenacil, pyroxsulam and triclopyr were selective to the wheat, with no negative effect on yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Atrazine/mesotrione showed high wheat injury potential.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- atrazine/mesotrionee0
- Outcome
- injury potentiale0
- Direction
- highe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The application of atrazine/mesotrione showed a high injury potential for the crop and reduced the wheat yield”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Atrazine/mesotrione reduced wheat yield.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- atrazine/mesotrionee0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The application of atrazine/mesotrione showed a high injury potential for the crop and reduced the wheat yield”
The same questions in other papers
diclofop · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results differ
5 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- positive
4 papers more in this group
See all 8 papers →atrazine · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results differ
4 papers in the same direction as this paper · 11 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
12 papers more in this group
See all 16 papers →2,4-D · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results differ
37 papers in the same direction as this paper · 78 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
112 papers more in this group
See all 116 papers →mesotrione · crop injury · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- positive
clodinafop · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 57 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
56 papers more in this group
See all 60 papers →saflufenacil · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- no effect
- negative
atrazine · crop injury · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- negative
- negative
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.