Abstract
Plant hormones play pivotal roles as signals of plant-pathogen interactions. Here, we report that exogenous application of salicylic acid (SA), jasmonic acid (JA), ethephon (ETH), and abscisic acid (ABA) can reduce Turnip crinkle virus (TCV) accumulation in systemic leaves of Arabidopsis thaliana during early infection. SA and ABA are more efficient and confer a longer-lasting resistance against TCV than JA and ETH, and the plant hormones interact in effecting the plant defence. Synergistic actions of SA and JA, and SA and ET, and an antagonistic action of SA and ABA have been observed in the Arabidopsis-TCV interaction. ABA can down-regulate the expression of the pathogenesis-related genes PR1 and PDF1.2, and compared to the wild type, it drastically reduces TCV accumulation in NahG transgenic plants and the eds5-p1 mutant, both of which do not accumulate SA. This indicates that SA signaling negatively regulates the ABA-mediated defence. ABA-induced resistance against TCV is independent of SA. We also found that mitogen-activated protein kinase 5 (MPK5) may be involved in ABA-mediated defence. These results indicate that Arabidopsis can activate distinct signals to inhibit virus accumulation. Cooperative or antagonistic crosstalk between them is pivotal for establishing disease resistance. These results show potential to enhance the plant defence against viruses by manipulating diverse hormones.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Exogenous salicylic acid, jasmonic acid, ethephon and abscisic acid reduced TCV accumulation in systemic leaves of Arabidopsis thaliana during early infection.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thaliana
Arabidopsis thalianat0 - Organ / stage
- systemic leavese1
- Treatment
- exogenous application of salicylic acid (SA), jasmonic acid (JA), ethephon (ETH), and abscisic acid (ABA)e1
- Interactor
- Turnip crinkle virus (TCV)e1pathogen
- Outcome
- Turnip crinkle virus (TCV) accumulatione1
- Direction
- reducee1
- Qualifier
- during early infectione1
Not reportedComparatorValue
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
e1“exogenous application of salicylic acid (SA), jasmonic acid (JA), ethephon (ETH), and abscisic acid (ABA) can reduce Turnip crinkle virus (TCV) accumulation in systemic leaves of Arabidopsis thaliana during early infection”
Claim · model-written summary
Salicylic acid and abscisic acid conferred more efficient and longer-lasting resistance against TCV in Arabidopsis thaliana than jasmonic acid and ethephon.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Treatment
- SA and ABAe1
- Interactor
- TCVe1pathogen
- Outcome
- resistance against TCVe1
- Direction
- longer-lastinge1
- Comparator
- JA and ETHe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
e1“SA and ABA are more efficient and confer a longer-lasting resistance against TCV than JA and ETH”
Claim · model-written summary
Synergistic interactions were observed between SA and JA, and between SA and ET, in the Arabidopsis-TCV interaction.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Treatment
- SA and JA, and SA and ETe1
- Interactor
- TCVe1pathogen
- Outcome
- Arabidopsis-TCV interactione1
- Direction
- Synergistice1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
e1“Synergistic actions of SA and JA, and SA and ET, and an antagonistic action of SA and ABA have been observed in the Arabidopsis-TCV interaction”
Claim · model-written summary
An antagonistic interaction was observed between SA and ABA in the Arabidopsis-TCV interaction.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Treatment
- antagonistic action of SA and ABAe1
- Interactor
- TCVe1pathogen
- Outcome
- Arabidopsis-TCV interactione1
- Direction
- antagonistice1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
e1“Synergistic actions of SA and JA, and SA and ET, and an antagonistic action of SA and ABA have been observed in the Arabidopsis-TCV interaction”
Claim · model-written summary
Abscisic acid down-regulated the expression of the pathogenesis-related genes PR1 and PDF1.2 in Arabidopsis thaliana.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Treatment
- ABAe1
- Gene
- PR1 and PDF1.2e1
- Outcome
- expression of the pathogenesis-related genes PR1 and PDF1.2e1
- Direction
- down-regulatee1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
e1“ABA can down-regulate the expression of the pathogenesis-related genes PR1 and PDF1.2”
Claim · model-written summary
Compared with the wild type, ABA drastically reduced TCV accumulation in NahG transgenic plants and the eds5-p1 mutant.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Material
- NahG transgenic plants and the eds5-p1 mutante1
- Treatment
- ABAe1
- Interactor
- TCVe1pathogen
- Outcome
- TCV accumulatione1
- Direction
- reducese1
- Comparator
- wild typee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
e1“ABA can down-regulate the expression of the pathogenesis-related genes PR1 and PDF1.2, and compared to the wild type, it drastically reduces TCV accumulation in NahG transgenic plants and the eds5-p1 mutant”
Claim · model-written summary
SA signalling negatively regulates ABA-mediated defence against TCV in Arabidopsis thaliana.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Compound
- SAe1
- Outcome
- ABA-mediated defencee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
e1“This indicates that SA signaling negatively regulates the ABA-mediated defence”
Claim · model-written summary
ABA-induced resistance against TCV is independent of SA.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Compound
- SAe1
- Outcome
- ABA-induced resistance against TCVe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
e1“ABA-induced resistance against TCV is independent of SA”
Claim · model-written summary
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 5 (MPK5) may be involved in ABA-mediated defence.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Gene
- mitogen-activated protein kinase 5 (MPK5)e1
- Outcome
- ABA-mediated defencee1
- Qualifier
- may be involvede1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
e1“We also found that mitogen-activated protein kinase 5 (MPK5) may be involved in ABA-mediated defence”
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