Abstract
A field study was conducted for two consecutive growing seasons to assess the effect of organic manure on the growth, productivity and nutrient dynamics of winter wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.), as well as on the concentration of trace elements in soil and wheat plants. Treatments consisted of two rates of farmyard manure (16 and 32 Mg dry weight ha −1 yr −1 ), one rate of inorganic fertilizer (IF, 120 kg N ha −1 yr −1 plus 80 kg P 2 O 5 ha −1 yr −1 ), and an unamended control. Manure improved wheat growth and productivity compared to the unamended control; the response was dependent on the application rate. The high manure rate increased the number of spikes m −2 and resulted in grain yield similar to that of the IF. Manure application caused no changes in N, P, and K concentrations in plant tissues. At the high manure rate, N and P uptake was similar to that of the IF. Averaged across years, manure application resulted in nutrient translocation from vegetative parts to grain at a lower (for the N) or similar (for the P) rate to that of the IF. No differences among treatments in nutrient translocation efficiency were observed. Nitrogen and P translocation was correlated with total aboveground N or P accumulation at anthesis, respectively. The N use efficiency of manure‐N was lower compared with that of inorganic fertilizer‐N, mainly because of the corresponding differences in uptake efficiency. Trace elements did not increase with added manure either in soil or in wheat plant tissues.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Manure improved wheat growth and productivity relative to untreated controls, depending on rate.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Treatment
- Manuree0
- Outcome
- growth and productivitye0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Qualifier
- dependent on the application ratee0
- Comparator
- unamended controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Manure improved wheat growth and productivity compared to the unamended control; the response was dependent on the application rate.”
Claim · model-written summary
High manure rate increased spike density.
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“The high manure rate increased the number of spikes m −2”
Claim · model-written summary
High manure rate produced grain yield similar to inorganic fertilizer.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“The high manure rate increased the number of spikes m −2 and resulted in grain yield similar to that of the IF.”
Claim · model-written summary
Manure did not change plant N, P or K concentrations.
- Organ / stage
- plant tissuese0
- Treatment
- Manure applicatione0
- Outcome
- N, P, and K concentrationse0
- Direction
- no changese0
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“Manure application caused no changes in N, P, and K concentrations in plant tissues.”
Claim · model-written summary
At high rate, manure gave N and P uptake similar to inorganic fertilizer.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“At the high manure rate, N and P uptake was similar to that of the IF.”
Claim · model-written summary
Manure gave lower N translocation to grain than inorganic fertilizer.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“manure application resulted in nutrient translocation from vegetative parts to grain at a lower (for the N) or similar (for the P) rate to that of the IF.”
Claim · model-written summary
Manure gave similar P translocation to grain as inorganic fertilizer.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“manure application resulted in nutrient translocation from vegetative parts to grain at a lower (for the N) or similar (for the P) rate to that of the IF.”
Claim · model-written summary
Nutrient translocation efficiency did not differ across treatments.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“No differences among treatments in nutrient translocation efficiency were observed.”
Claim · model-written summary
N translocation correlated with aboveground N accumulation at anthesis.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Nitrogen and P translocation was correlated with total aboveground N or P accumulation at anthesis, respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
P translocation correlated with aboveground P accumulation at anthesis.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Nitrogen and P translocation was correlated with total aboveground N or P accumulation at anthesis, respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
Manure nitrogen use efficiency was lower than inorganic fertilizer nitrogen, mainly because uptake efficiency differed.
- Treatment
- manure‐Ne0
- Outcome
- N use efficiencye0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Qualifier
- differences in uptake efficiencye0
- Comparator
- inorganic fertilizer‐Ne0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“The N use efficiency of manure‐N was lower compared with that of inorganic fertilizer‐N, mainly because of the corresponding differences in uptake efficiency.”
Claim · model-written summary
Added manure did not increase trace elements in soil or wheat tissues.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Organ / stage
- plant tissuese0
- Treatment
- added manuree0
- Outcome
- Trace elementse0
- Direction
- did not increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Trace elements did not increase with added manure either in soil or in wheat plant tissues.”
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