Effects of Combined Application of Nitrogen,Phosphorus,Potassium and Zinc Fertilizer on the Zinc Content of Wheat and Maize

Abstract

The effects of combined application of nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium and zinc fertilizer on the yield and zinc content of wheat and maize were studied using field experiment.The results showed that the application of zinc fertilizer had no significant influence on the yield of wheat and maize,when the soil zinc content was higher than 1.20 mg/kg.The zinc content and uptake of wheat and maize had significant difference among different fertilization treatments.Zinc content and uptake in the grain of wheat and maize could be significantly increased by the application of zinc fertilizer.Combined application of nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium and zinc fertilizer,the zinc content and uptake in wheat grain could be increased by 25.0% and 25.7%,and those in maize grain could be increased by 12.0 % and 13.0%,respectively.

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Claims 10

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectnot significant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Zinc fertilizer had no significant influence on wheat yield when soil zinc was above 1.20 mg/kg.

Taxon: wheatTriticum aestivume1
Treatment: zinc fertilizere1
Outcome: yielde1
Direction: no significant influencee1
Qualifier: when the soil zinc content was higher than 1.20 mg/kge1
Setting: field experimente2

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

*Triticum aestivum* · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e1
“the application of zinc fertilizer had no significant influence on the yield of wheat and maize, when the soil zinc content was higher than 1.20 mg/kg”
✓ located after whitespace/quote normalisation · abstract, characters 198–347 · show in text ↑

e2
“using field experiment”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 151–173 · show in text ↑

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectnot significant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Zinc fertilizer had no significant influence on maize yield when soil zinc was above 1.20 mg/kg.

Taxon: maizeZea mayse1
Treatment: zinc fertilizere1
Outcome: yielde1
Direction: no significant influencee1
Qualifier: when the soil zinc content was higher than 1.20 mg/kge1
Setting: field experimente2

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

*Zea mays* · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e1
“the application of zinc fertilizer had no significant influence on the yield of wheat and maize, when the soil zinc content was higher than 1.20 mg/kg”
✓ located after whitespace/quote normalisation · abstract, characters 198–347 · show in text ↑

e2
“using field experiment”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 151–173 · show in text ↑

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Zinc fertilizer significantly increased zinc content and uptake in wheat grain.

Taxon: wheatTriticum aestivume1
Treatment: application of zinc fertilizere1
Outcome: Zinc content and uptakee1
Direction: significantly increasede1

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

e1
“Zinc content and uptake in the grain of wheat and maize could be significantly increased by the application of zinc fertilizer”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 463–589 · show in text ↑

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Zinc fertilizer significantly increased zinc content and uptake in maize grain.

Taxon: maizeZea mayse1
Treatment: application of zinc fertilizere1
Outcome: Zinc content and uptakee1
Direction: significantly increasede1

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

e1
“Zinc content and uptake in the grain of wheat and maize could be significantly increased by the application of zinc fertilizer”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 463–589 · show in text ↑

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Combined NPK and zinc fertilization increased wheat grain zinc content by 25.0%.

Taxon: wheatTriticum aestivume2
Treatment: Combined application of nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium and zinc fertilizere2
Outcome: zinc contente2
Direction: increasede2
Value: 25.0%e2

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

e2
“Combined application of nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium and zinc fertilizer,the zinc content and uptake in wheat grain could be increased by 25.0% and 25.7%”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 590–744 · show in text ↑

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Combined NPK and zinc fertilization increased wheat grain zinc uptake by 25.7%.

Taxon: wheatTriticum aestivume2
Treatment: Combined application of nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium and zinc fertilizere2
Outcome: uptakee2
Direction: increasede2
Value: 25.7%e2

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

e2
“Combined application of nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium and zinc fertilizer,the zinc content and uptake in wheat grain could be increased by 25.0% and 25.7%”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 590–744 · show in text ↑

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Combined NPK and zinc fertilization increased maize grain zinc content by 12.0 %.

Taxon: maizeZea mayse2
Treatment: Combined application of nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium and zinc fertilizere2
Outcome: zinc contente2
Direction: increasede2
Value: 12.0 %e2

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

e2
“Combined application of nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium and zinc fertilizer,the zinc content and uptake in wheat grain could be increased by 25.0% and 25.7%,and those in maize grain could be increased by 12.0 % and 13.0%,respectively”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 590–821 · show in text ↑

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Combined NPK and zinc fertilization increased maize grain zinc uptake by 13.0%.

Taxon: maizeZea mayse2
Treatment: Combined application of nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium and zinc fertilizere2
Outcome: uptakee2
Direction: increasede2
Value: 13.0%e2

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

e2
“Combined application of nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium and zinc fertilizer,the zinc content and uptake in wheat grain could be increased by 25.0% and 25.7%,and those in maize grain could be increased by 12.0 % and 13.0%,respectively”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 590–821 · show in text ↑

Observationobservedoriginal resultsignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Wheat zinc content and uptake differed significantly among fertilization treatments.

Taxon: wheatTriticum aestivume1
Outcome: zinc content and uptakee1
Qualifier: significant difference among different fertilization treatmentse1

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

e1
“The zinc content and uptake of wheat and maize had significant difference among different fertilization treatments”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 348–462 · show in text ↑

Observationobservedoriginal resultsignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Maize zinc content and uptake differed significantly among fertilization treatments.

Taxon: maizeZea mayse1
Outcome: zinc content and uptakee1
Qualifier: significant difference among different fertilization treatmentse1

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

e1
“The zinc content and uptake of wheat and maize had significant difference among different fertilization treatments”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 348–462 · show in text ↑

zinc atom · nutrient: content · Zea mays (maize)Results differ

235 papers: 199 positive, 36 negative or no effect

198 papers in the same direction as this paper · 33 in the opposite direction · 3 reporting no difference from an alternative

no effect
Zn source did not significantly affect corn nutrient concentration.
Effect of Zinc × Boron Interaction on Plant Growth and Tissue Nutrient Concentration of Corn · 2007
Opposite direction
negative
Added zinc caused iron deficiency in corn.
Zinc Deficiency and Iron Chlorosis Dependent on the Plant Species and Nutrient‐Element Balance in Tulare Clay · 1962
Opposite direction
negative
Shoot Zn reached 75 mg kg−1 versus 2.76 mg kg−1 in controls.
Root Characteristics and Metal Uptake of Maize (Zea mays L.) under Extreme Soil Contamination · 2021
Opposite direction

231 papers more in this group

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zinc atom · nutrient: content · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results differ

380 papers: 347 positive, 33 negative or no effect

346 papers in the same direction as this paper · 33 in the opposite direction

negative
Exudates from zinc-deficient grasses greatly increased zinc and iron mobilization.
Release of zinc mobilizing root exudates in different plant species as affected by zinc nutritional status · 1991
Opposite directionAbout lacking this nutrient, so it counts the other way round
negative
Deficient zinc pretreatment increased net zinc uptake in both genotypes.
Uptake of zinc from chelate-buffered nutrient solutions by wheat genotypes differing in zinc efficiency · 1996
Opposite directionAbout lacking this nutrient, so it counts the other way round
no effect
Zinc fertilization did not influence mean shoot boron concentration.
EFFECTS OF ZINC FERTILIZATION ON GRAIN YIELD AND SHOOT CONCENTRATIONS OF ZINC, BORON, AND PHOSPHORUS OF 25 WHEAT CULTIVARS GROWN ON A ZINC-DEFICIENT AND BORON-TOXIC SOIL · 2001
Opposite direction

376 papers more in this group

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zinc atom · yield · Zea mays (maize)Results differ

441 papers: 391 positive, 50 negative or no effect

49 papers in the same direction as this paper · 391 in the opposite direction

positive
Maize grain yield responded significantly to zinc foliar application in two of three study years.
Effect of zinc foliar application on grain yield of maize and its yielding compone · 2009
Opposite direction
positive
Foliar Zn at 0.1–0.2% improved maize growth, yield and yield components under moisture stress.
Potassium Management for Improving Growth and Grain Yield of Maize (Zea mays L.) under Moisture Stress Condition · 2016
Opposite direction
positive
Both zinc sources significantly increased maize dry matter yield compared with control.
Mobility and Availability to Plants of Two Zinc Sources Applied to a Calcareous Soil · 2003 · compared with the control treatment
Opposite direction

437 papers more in this group

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zinc atom · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results differ

511 papers: 456 positive, 55 negative or no effect

54 papers in the same direction as this paper · 456 in the opposite direction

positive
Zinc application by any tested method significantly increased grain yield in all wheat cultivars.
Effect of different zinc application methods on grain yield and zinc concentration in wheat cultivars grown on zinc‐deficient calcareous soils · 1997
Opposite direction
positive
Zinc deficiency decreased wheat grain yield.
Effects of Zinc Deficiency and Drought on Grain Yield of Field‐grown Wheat Cultivars in Central Anatolia · 2007
Opposite directionAbout lacking this nutrient, so it counts the other way round
positive
Under field drought, foliar zinc increased grain yield by 15%.
Alleviation of drought stress in winter wheat by late foliar application of zinc, boron, and manganese · 2012
Opposite direction

507 papers more in this group

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potassium · nutrient: content · Zea mays (maize)Results differ

96 papers: 74 positive, 22 negative or no effect

73 papers in the same direction as this paper · 22 in the opposite direction

no effect
PNS had no significant effect on seed phosphorus, calcium and sodium concentrations in maize.
Response of maize (Zea mays L.) to potassium nano-silica application under drought stress · 2020
Opposite direction
no effect
Applied K rate had little effect on K uptake patterns in maize parts.
Nutrient Uptake and Productivity as Affected by Nitrogen and Potassium Application Levels in Maize/Sweet Potato Intercropping System · 2001
Opposite direction
negative
total Fe decreased at the highest K dose.
Effects of potassium and iron on macro element uptake of maize. · 2010
Opposite direction

92 papers more in this group

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potassium · nutrient: content · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results

82 papers: 71 positive, 11 negative or no effect

70 papers in the same direction as this paper · 10 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative

negative
Increasing K from 400 to 800 μ M decreased shoot Mg concentration of wheat by 13%.
Phosphorus and Temperature Effects on Magnesium, Calcium, and Potassium in Wheat and Tall Fescue Leaves · 1994
Opposite direction
no effect
Sucrose uptake and efflux were insensitive to metabolic inhibitors, pH, and potassium concentration.
Sucrose Release into the Endosperm Cavity of Wheat Grains Apparently Occurs by Facilitated Diffusion across the Nucellar Cell Membranes · 1995
Opposite direction
no effect
Potassium and phosphorus by potassium interactions had no significant effect on Mn uptake.
The relationship between phosphorus and copper concentrations in wheat · 1980
Opposite direction

78 papers more in this group

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phosphorus · nutrient: content · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results

226 papers: 198 positive, 28 negative or no effect

197 papers in the same direction as this paper · 28 in the opposite direction

negative
Low phosphorus reduced wheat biomass, yield and phosphorus uptake efficiency.
QTL Mapping for Phosphorus Efficiency and Morphological Traits at Seedling and Maturity Stages in Wheat · 2017
Opposite direction
negative
Zn uptake was reduced at the highest phosphorus level.
Effect of phosphorus, sulphur and 'zinc on growth, yield and nutrient uptake of wheat (Triticum aestivum) · 2001
Opposite direction
negative
Shoot P was lower in low-P than higher-P wheat at weeks three and five.
Phosphorus acquisition and wheat growth are influenced by shoot phosphorus status and soil phosphorus distribution in a split‐root system · 2008 · compared with 14 mg P kg –1 plants
Opposite direction

222 papers more in this group

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phosphorus · nutrient: content · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results

244 papers: 190 positive, 54 negative or no effect

189 papers in the same direction as this paper · 50 in the opposite direction · 4 reporting no difference from an alternative

no effect
Phosphorus application did not increase silicon and phosphorus contents in maize shoots and roots.
Effect of Silicon on Low pH Soil Phosphorus Sorption and on Uptake and Growth of Maize · 2004
Opposite direction
negative
Phosphorus deprivation decreased chlorophyll and phosphorus fractions throughout the maize shoot.
Phosphate Deficiency in Maize. V. Mobilization of Nitrogen and Phosphorus within Shoots of Young Plants and its Relationship to Senescence · 1995
Opposite direction
no effect
The HP treatment did not affect the absorption of Zn by maize.
THE ROLE OF VA MYCORRHIZAE IN THE ABSORPTION OF P AND Zn BY MAIZE IN FIELD AND GROWTH CHAMBER EXPERIMENTS · 1989
Opposite direction

240 papers more in this group

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8 of 14 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.

Abstract

Claims 10

The same questions in other papers

zinc atom · nutrient: content · Zea mays (maize)Results differ

zinc atom · nutrient: content · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results differ

zinc atom · yield · Zea mays (maize)Results differ

zinc atom · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results differ

potassium · nutrient: content · Zea mays (maize)Results differ

potassium · nutrient: content · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results

phosphorus · nutrient: content · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results

phosphorus · nutrient: content · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results